Difference between revisions of "NL/Documentation/BASIC Guide/Files and Directories (Runtime Library)"
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Werken met bestanden is een van de basistaken van een toepassing. De {{OOo}} API verschaft een groot scala aan objecten waarmee u kantoordocumenten kunt creëren, openen en aanpassen. Deze worden in detail gepresenteerd in [[Documentation/BASIC Guide/API Intro|Introductie voor de {{OOo}} API]]. Niettegenstaande dit, in sommige gevallen zult u direct het bestandssysteem moeten benaderen, zoeken in directory's of tekstbestanden bewerken. De runtime bibliotheek van {{OOo}} BASIC verschaft verscheidene fundamentele functies voor deze taken. | Werken met bestanden is een van de basistaken van een toepassing. De {{OOo}} API verschaft een groot scala aan objecten waarmee u kantoordocumenten kunt creëren, openen en aanpassen. Deze worden in detail gepresenteerd in [[Documentation/BASIC Guide/API Intro|Introductie voor de {{OOo}} API]]. Niettegenstaande dit, in sommige gevallen zult u direct het bestandssysteem moeten benaderen, zoeken in directory's of tekstbestanden bewerken. De runtime bibliotheek van {{OOo}} BASIC verschaft verscheidene fundamentele functies voor deze taken. | ||
− | {{Documentation/Note|Sommige DOS-specifieke bestands- en mapfuncties worden niet langer verschaft in {{OOo}}, of hun functie is slechts beperkt. Bijvoorbeeld: ondersteuning voor de functies <tt>ChDir</tt>, <tt>ChDrive</tt> en <tt>CurDir</tt> wordt niet verschaft. Sommige DOS-specifieke eigenschappen | + | {{Documentation/Note|Sommige DOS-specifieke bestands- en mapfuncties worden niet langer verschaft in {{OOo}}, of hun functie is slechts beperkt. Bijvoorbeeld: ondersteuning voor de functies <tt>ChDir</tt>, <tt>ChDrive</tt> en <tt>CurDir</tt> wordt niet verschaft. Sommige DOS-specifieke eigenschappen worden niet langer gebruikt in functies die eigenschappen van bestanden verwachten als parameters (bijvoorbeeld om onderscheid te maken tussen verborgen en systeembestanden). Deze wijziging was nodig om het hoogst mogelijke niveau van platformonafhankelijkheid te bereiken voor {{OOo}}.}} |
== Beheren van bestanden == | == Beheren van bestanden == |
Revision as of 13:59, 26 January 2013
Werken met bestanden is een van de basistaken van een toepassing. De Apache OpenOffice API verschaft een groot scala aan objecten waarmee u kantoordocumenten kunt creëren, openen en aanpassen. Deze worden in detail gepresenteerd in Introductie voor de Apache OpenOffice API. Niettegenstaande dit, in sommige gevallen zult u direct het bestandssysteem moeten benaderen, zoeken in directory's of tekstbestanden bewerken. De runtime bibliotheek van Apache OpenOffice BASIC verschaft verscheidene fundamentele functies voor deze taken.
Beheren van bestanden
modus Compatibiliteit
The CompatibilityMode statement and function provide greater compatibility with VBA, by changing the operation of certain functions. The effect on any particular function is described with that function, below.
As a statement, CompatibilityMode( value ) takes a Boolean value to set or clear the mode. As a function, CompatibilityMode() returns the Boolean value of the mode.
CompatibilityMode( True ) 'set mode CompatibilityMode( False) 'clear mode Dim bMode as Boolean bMode = CompatibilityMode()
Searching Through Directories
The Dir function in Apache OpenOffice Basic is responsible for searching through directories for files and sub-directories. When first requested, a string containing the path of the directories to be searched must be assigned to Dir as its first parameter. The second parameter of Dir specifies the file or directory to be searched for. Apache OpenOffice Basic returns the name of the first directory entry found. To retrieve the next entry, the Dir function should be requested without parameters. If the Dir function finds no more entries, it returns an empty string.
The following example shows how the Dir function can be used to request all files located in one directory. The procedure saves the individual file names in the AllFiles variable and then displays this in a message box.
Sub ShowFiles Dim NextFile As String Dim AllFiles As String AllFiles = "" NextFile = Dir("C:\", 0) While NextFile <> "" AllFiles = AllFiles & Chr(13) & NextFile NextFile = Dir Wend MsgBox AllFiles End Sub
The 0 (zero) used as the second parameter in the Dir function ensures that Dir only returns the names of files; directories are ignored. The following parameters can be specified here:
- 0 : returns normal files
- 16 : sub-directories
The following example is virtually the same as the preceding example, but the Dir function transfers the value 16 as a parameter, which returns the sub-directories of a folder rather than the file names.
Sub ShowDirs Dim NextDir As String Dim AllDirs As String AllDirs = "" NextDir = Dir("C:\", 16) While NextDir <> "" AllDirs = AllDirs & Chr(13) & NextDir NextDir = Dir Wend MsgBox AllDirs End Sub
Creating and Deleting Directories
Apache OpenOffice Basic provides the MkDir function for creating directories.
MkDir ("C:\SubDir1")
This function creates directories and sub-directories. All directories needed within a hierarchy are also created, if required. For example, if only the C:\SubDir1 directory exists, then a call
MkDir ("C:\SubDir1\SubDir2\SubDir3\")
creates both the C:\SubDir1\SubDir2 directory and the C:\SubDir1\SubDir2\SubDir3 directory.
The RmDir function deletes directories.
RmDir ("C:\SubDir1\SubDir2\SubDir3\")
If the directory contains sub-directories or files, these are also deleted. You should therefore be careful when using RmDir.
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VBA : In VBA, the MkDir and RmDir functions only relate to the current directory. In Apache OpenOffice Basic on the other hand, MkDir and RmDir can be used to create or delete levels of directories. |
Copying, Renaming, Deleting and Checking the Existence of Files
The following call creates a copy of the Source file under the name of Destination:
FileCopy(Source, Destination)
With the help of the following function you can rename the OldName file with NewName. The As keyword syntax, and the fact that a comma is not used, goes back to the roots of the Basic language.
Name OldName As NewName
The following call deletes the Filename file. If you want to delete directory (including its files) use the RmDir function.
Kill(Filename)
The FileExists function can be used to check whether a file exists:
If FileExists(Filename) Then MsgBox "file exists." End If
Reading and Changing File Properties
When working with files, it is sometimes important to be able to establish the file properties, the time the file was last changed and the length of the file.
The following call returns some properties about a file.
Dim Attr As Integer Attr = GetAttr(Filename)
The return value is provided as a bit mask in which the following values are possible:
- 1 : read-only file
- 16 : name of a directory
The following example determines the bit mask of the test.txt file and checks whether this is read-only whether it is a directory. If neither of these apply, FileDescription is assigned the "normal" string.
Dim FileMask As Integer Dim FileDescription As String FileMask = GetAttr("test.txt") If (FileMask AND 1) > 0 Then FileDescription = FileDescription & " read-only " End IF If (FileMask AND 16) > 0 Then FileDescription = FileDescription & " directory " End IF If FileDescription = "" Then FileDescription = " normal " End IF MsgBox FileDescription
The SetAttr function permits the properties of a file to be changed. The following call can therefore be used to provide a file with read-only status:
SetAttr("test.txt", 1)
An existing read-only status can be deleted with the following call:
SetAttr("test.txt", 0)
The date and time of the last amendment to a file are provided by the FileDateTime function. The date is formatted here in accordance with the country-specific settings used on the system.
FileDateTime("test.txt") ' Provides date and time of the last file amendment.
The FileLen function determines the length of a file in bytes (as long integer value).
FileLen("test.txt") ' Provides the length of the file in bytes
Writing and Reading Text Files
Apache OpenOffice Basic provides a whole range of methods for reading and writing files. The following explanations relate to working with text files (not text documents).
Writing Text Files
Before a text file is accessed, it must first be opened. To do this, a free file handle is needed, which clearly identifies the file for subsequent file access.
The FreeFile function is used to create a free file handle:
FileNo = FreeFile
FileNo is an integer variable that receives the file handle. The handle is then used as a parameter for the Open instruction, which opens the file.
To open a file so that it can be written as a text file, the Open call is:
Open Filename For Output As #FileNo
Filename is a string containing the name of the file. FileNo is the handle created by the FreeFile function.
Once the file is opened, the Print instruction can create the file contents, line by line:
Print #FileNo, "This is a test line."
FileNo also stands for the file handle here. The second parameter specifies the text that is to be saved as a line of the text file.
Once the writing process has been completed, the file must be closed using a Close call:
Close #FileNo
Again here, the file handle should be specified.
The following example shows how a text file is opened, written, and closed:
Dim FileNo As Integer Dim CurrentLine As String Dim Filename As String Filename = "c:\data.txt" ' Define file name FileNo = FreeFile ' Establish free file handle Open Filename For Output As #FileNo ' Open file (writing mode) Print #FileNo, "This is a line of text" ' Save line Print #FileNo, "This is another line of text" ' Save line Close #FileNo ' Close file
Reading Text Files
Text files are read in the same way that they are written. The Open instruction used to open the file contains the For Input expression in place of the For Output expression and, rather than the Print command for writing data, the Line Input instruction should be used to read the data.
Finally, when calling up a text file, the eof instruction is used to check whether the end of the file has been reached:
eof(FileNo)
The following example shows how a text file can be read:
Dim FileNo As Integer Dim CurrentLine As String Dim File As String Dim Msg as String ' Define filename Filename = "c:\data.txt" ' Establish free file handle FileNo = Freefile ' Open file (reading mode) Open Filename For Input As FileNo ' Check whether file end has been reached Do While not eof(FileNo) ' Read line Line Input #FileNo, CurrentLine If CurrentLine <>"" then Msg = Msg & CurrentLine & Chr(13) end if Loop ' Close file Close #FileNo Msgbox Msg
The individual lines are retrieved in a Do While loop, saved in the Msg variable, and displayed at the end in a message box.
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