Difference between revisions of "Entering a formula"
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| − | + | The equation editor uses a markup language to represent formulas. For example, <tt>%beta</tt> creates the Greek character beta (<math>\beta</math>). This markup is designed to read similar to English whenever possible. For example, <tt>a over b</tt> produces a fraction: <math>a \over b</math>. | |
| − | + | You can enter a formula in three ways: | |
| − | * Select a symbol from the | + | * Select a symbol from the Elements window. |
* Right-click on the equation editor and select the symbol from the context menu. | * Right-click on the equation editor and select the symbol from the context menu. | ||
* Type markup in the equation editor. | * Type markup in the equation editor. | ||
| − | The context menu and the | + | The context menu and the Elements window insert the markup corresponding to a symbol. Incidentally, this provides a convenient way to learn the OOoMath markup. |
| − | {{ | + | {{Note|Click on the document body to exit the formula editor.<br/>Double-click on a formula to enter the formula editor again.}} |
| − | == The | + | == The Elements window == |
| − | The simplest method for entering a formula is the | + | The simplest method for entering a formula is the Elements window, shown below. |
[[Image:MathSelection1.png|thumb|none|500px|Symbols are divided into categories.]] | [[Image:MathSelection1.png|thumb|none|500px|Symbols are divided into categories.]] | ||
| − | The | + | The Elements window is divided into two main portions. |
* '''The top''' shows the symbol categories. Click on these to change the list of symbols. | * '''The top''' shows the symbol categories. Click on these to change the list of symbols. | ||
* '''The bottom''' shows the symbols available in the current category. | * '''The bottom''' shows the symbols available in the current category. | ||
| − | {{ | + | {{Tip|You can hide (or unhide) the Elements window with '''View > Elements'''.}} |
== Example 1: 5 × 4== | == Example 1: 5 × 4== | ||
For this example we will enter a simple formula: 5 × 4 | For this example we will enter a simple formula: 5 × 4 | ||
| − | On the | + | On the Elements window: |
# Select the top-left button of the categories (top) section. | # Select the top-left button of the categories (top) section. | ||
| Line 33: | Line 33: | ||
: [[Image:MathSelection2.png|thumb|none|500px|Unary/binary operators.]] | : [[Image:MathSelection2.png|thumb|none|500px|Unary/binary operators.]] | ||
| − | When you select the multiplication symbol on the | + | When you select the multiplication symbol on the Elements window, two things happen: |
* The equation editor shows the markup: ''<?> times <?>'' | * The equation editor shows the markup: ''<?> times <?>'' | ||
| Line 44: | Line 44: | ||
[[Image:Multiply2.png|Result of multiplication]]<br>Result of entering "5" and "4" next to the "times" operator. | [[Image:Multiply2.png|Result of multiplication]]<br>Result of entering "5" and "4" next to the "times" operator. | ||
| − | {{ | + | {{Tip|To keep the equation from updating automatically, select '''View > AutoUpdate display'''. To update a formula manually, press ''F9'' or select '''View > Update'''.}} |
== Right-click menu == | == Right-click menu == | ||
| − | Another way to access mathematical symbols is to right-click on the equation editor. This produces a menu as shown in | + | Another way to access mathematical symbols is to right-click on the equation editor. This produces a menu as shown in the figure below. |
[[Image:MathRightClick.png|thumb|none|500px|Right-click menu.]] | [[Image:MathRightClick.png|thumb|none|500px|Right-click menu.]] | ||
| − | {{ | + | {{Note|The entries in this menu correspond exactly to those in the Elements window.}} |
== Markup == | == Markup == | ||
You can type the markup directly in the equation editor. For example, you can type “5 times 4" to obtain <math>5 \times 4</math>. If you know the markup, this can be the fastest way to enter a formula. | You can type the markup directly in the equation editor. For example, you can type “5 times 4" to obtain <math>5 \times 4</math>. If you know the markup, this can be the fastest way to enter a formula. | ||
| − | {{ | + | {{Tip|The formula markup resembles the way the formula reads in English.}} |
Below is a short list of common equations and their corresponding markup. | Below is a short list of common equations and their corresponding markup. | ||
| Line 77: | Line 77: | ||
== Greek characters == | == Greek characters == | ||
| − | Greek characters (α, β, γ, θ, etc.) are common in mathematical formulas. ''These characters are not available in the | + | Greek characters (α, β, γ, θ, etc.) are common in mathematical formulas. ''These characters are not available in the Elements window or the right-click menu''. Fortunately, the markup for Greek characters is simple: Type a % sign followed the name of the character, in English. |
* To type a ''lowercase'' character, write the name of the character in lowercase. | * To type a ''lowercase'' character, write the name of the character in lowercase. | ||
| Line 102: | Line 102: | ||
|} | |} | ||
| − | {{ | + | {{Note|A complete table of Greek characters is included at the end of the [[Documentation/OOo3_User_Guides/Math_Guide/Math_commands_reference#Characters_.E2.80.93_Greek|Reference section]].}} |
| − | Another way to enter Greek characters is by using the catalog window. Go to '''Tools > Catalog'''. The catalog window is shown below. Under “Symbol Set" select “Greek" and double-click on a Greek letter from the list. | + | Another way to enter Greek characters is by using the catalog window. Go to '''Tools > Catalog'''. The catalog window is shown below. Under “Symbol Set" select “Greek" and double-click on a Greek letter from the list. The markup name of the character is shown below the list window. |
| − | [[Image:MathCatalog.png|thumb|none|500px|Catalog, used for entering Greek characters.]] | + | [[Image:MathCatalog.png|thumb|none|500px|Catalog, used for entering Greek characters and some special symbols.]] |
| − | == Example 2: π <math>\simeq</math> 3.14159 == | + | == Example 2: π <math>\simeq \!</math> 3.14159 == |
For this example we will suppose that: | For this example we will suppose that: | ||
* We want to enter the above formula (the value of pi rounded to 5 decimal places). | * We want to enter the above formula (the value of pi rounded to 5 decimal places). | ||
* We know the name of the Greek character ("pi"). | * We know the name of the Greek character ("pi"). | ||
| − | * But we do not know the markup associated with the <math>\simeq</math> symbol. | + | * But we do not know the markup associated with the <math>\simeq \!</math> symbol. |
| − | '''Step 1''': Type | + | '''Step 1''': Type <tt>%</tt> followed by the text <tt>pi</tt>. This displays the Greek character π. |
| − | '''Step 2''': Open the | + | '''Step 2''': Open the Elements window ('''View > Elements'''). |
| − | '''Step 3''': The <math>\simeq</math> symbol is a relation, so we click on the relations button [[Image:MathRelBtn.png]]. If you hover the mouse over this button you see the tooltip "Relations". | + | '''Step 3''': The <math>\simeq \!</math> symbol is a relation, so we click on the relations button [[Image:MathRelBtn.png]]. If you hover the mouse over this button you see the tooltip "Relations". |
| + | {| | ||
| + | |[[Image:MathTooltip.png|thumb|none|top|500px|Tooltip indicates the "Relations" button.]] | ||
| + | |[[Image:MathRelations.png|thumb|none|top|500px|After selecting "Relations".]] | ||
| + | |} | ||
| − | + | '''Step 4''': Click on the <math> a \simeq b</math> symbol. The equation editor now shows the markup <tt>%pi<?> simeq <?></tt>. | |
| − | '''Step | + | '''Step 5''': Delete the <?> text and add <tt>3.14159</tt> at the end of the equation. Hence we end up with the markup <tt>%pi simeq 3.14159</tt>. The result is shown below. |
[[Image:MathResult.png|thumb|none|500px|Final result.]] | [[Image:MathResult.png|thumb|none|500px|Final result.]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[Category:Getting Started (Documentation)]] | ||
Latest revision as of 16:55, 14 July 2018
The equation editor uses a markup language to represent formulas. For example, %beta creates the Greek character beta (
). This markup is designed to read similar to English whenever possible. For example, a over b produces a fraction: 
.
You can enter a formula in three ways:
- Select a symbol from the Elements window.
- Right-click on the equation editor and select the symbol from the context menu.
- Type markup in the equation editor.
The context menu and the Elements window insert the markup corresponding to a symbol. Incidentally, this provides a convenient way to learn the OOoMath markup.
 |
Click on the document body to exit the formula editor. Double-click on a formula to enter the formula editor again. |
Contents
The Elements window
The simplest method for entering a formula is the Elements window, shown below.
The Elements window is divided into two main portions.
- The top shows the symbol categories. Click on these to change the list of symbols.
- The bottom shows the symbols available in the current category.
 |
You can hide (or unhide) the Elements window with View > Elements. |
Example 1: 5 × 4
For this example we will enter a simple formula: 5 × 4
On the Elements window:
- Select the top-left button of the categories (top) section.
- Click on the multiplication symbol.
-
Unary/binary operators.
When you select the multiplication symbol on the Elements window, two things happen:
- The equation editor shows the markup: <?> times <?>
- The body of the document shows a gray box with the figure:
The <?> symbols are placeholders that you can replace by other text. The equation will update automatically, and the result should resemble the figure below.
Result of entering "5" and "4" next to the "times" operator.
|
To keep the equation from updating automatically, select View > AutoUpdate display. To update a formula manually, press F9 or select View > Update. |
Another way to access mathematical symbols is to right-click on the equation editor. This produces a menu as shown in the figure below.
|
The entries in this menu correspond exactly to those in the Elements window. |
Markup
You can type the markup directly in the equation editor. For example, you can type “5 times 4" to obtain 
. If you know the markup, this can be the fastest way to enter a formula.
|
The formula markup resembles the way the formula reads in English. |
Below is a short list of common equations and their corresponding markup.
| Display | Command | Display | Command |
|---|---|---|---|
| a=b | a = b | √a | sqrt {a} |
| a2 | a^2 | an | a_n |
| ∫ f(x)dx | int f(x) dx | ∑ an | sum a_n |
| a≤b | a <= b | ∞ | infinity |
| a×b | a times b | x·y | x cdot y |
Greek characters
Greek characters (α, β, γ, θ, etc.) are common in mathematical formulas. These characters are not available in the Elements window or the right-click menu. Fortunately, the markup for Greek characters is simple: Type a % sign followed the name of the character, in English.
- To type a lowercase character, write the name of the character in lowercase.
- To type an uppercase character, write the name of the character in uppercase.
See the table below for some examples.
| Lowercase | Uppercase |
|---|---|
| %alpha α | %ALPHA Α |
| %beta β | %BETA Β |
| %gamma γ | %GAMMA Γ |
| %psi ψ | %PSI Ψ |
| %phi φ | %PHI Φ |
| %theta θ | %THETA Θ |
|
A complete table of Greek characters is included at the end of the Reference section. |
Another way to enter Greek characters is by using the catalog window. Go to Tools > Catalog. The catalog window is shown below. Under “Symbol Set" select “Greek" and double-click on a Greek letter from the list. The markup name of the character is shown below the list window.
Example 2: π 
3.14159
For this example we will suppose that:
- We want to enter the above formula (the value of pi rounded to 5 decimal places).
- We know the name of the Greek character ("pi").
- But we do not know the markup associated with the symbol.
Step 1: Type % followed by the text pi. This displays the Greek character π.
Step 2: Open the Elements window (View > Elements).
Step 3: The symbol is a relation, so we click on the relations button 
. If you hover the mouse over this button you see the tooltip "Relations".
 |
 |
Step 4: Click on the 
symbol. The equation editor now shows the markup %pi<?> simeq <?>.
Step 5: Delete the <?> text and add 3.14159 at the end of the equation. Hence we end up with the markup %pi simeq 3.14159. The result is shown below.
