Difference between revisions of "FR/FAQ/Base/FAQ MS Access et Base"

Revision as of 22:01, 6 October 2007

Questions fréquentes et réponses pour les utilisateurs migrant de Microsoft Access (MSA) vers OpenOffice.org Base.

Ce document est le fruit des efforts de la communauté des utilisateurs - participez à améliorer la base de connaissance si vous le pouvez.

Veuillez néanmoins essayer de proposer des questions et des réponses d'ordre général. Si une réponse concerne une fonctionnalité spécifique à une version de MSA, veuillez indiquer le numéro de version.

En particulier, ne faites un ajout au wiki que si vous proposez une réponse à la question que vous posez. ( Si vous pensez revenir rapidement avec la réponse, n'hésitez pas à inscrire la question d'abord, - mais revenez vite)

Si vous avez des questions particulières ou si vous cherchez de l'aide en général, vous pouvez vous diriger vers la liste de discussion des utilisateurs Francophones.

Est-ce que je peux utiliser les bases de données MS Access avec Base ?

Sous Windows : oui. Vous ne pouvez les ouvrir directement avec Fichier|Ouvrir, mais vous pouvez accéder aux données qu'elles contiennent. Pour cela, vous avez besoin d'un document Base qui contient les informations de connexion. Pour plus de détails, voir Connecting to Microsoft Access.

Vous pouvez modifier les données dans les tables, et vous pouvez ajouter ou supprimer des enregistrements. Vous pouvez créer de nouvelles tables mais vous ne pouvez pas modifier la structure des tables existantes.

Les requêtes MS Access sont affichées comme des vues dans la zone des tables. Vous pouvez utiliser le résultat des requêtes mais vous n'avez pas accès aux définitions sous-jacentes, et vous ne pouvez pas les modifier.

Vous ne pouvez pas lire les formulaires et les rapports MS Access.

Est-ce que je peux lire ma base de données Base avec MS Access ?

Il est impossible d'utiliser le mécanisme de liaisons de tables de MS Access pour se connecter à une base de données Base.

Il est possible de mettre à jour des données dans une base de données MS Access depuis une base de données Base. À l'heure actuelle, cela impose que la base de données MS Access soit ouverte et verrouillée par le document Base.

Des données peuvent également être renvoyée vers une base de données MS Access en créant une table liée à un fichier CSV dans la base de données Base et en liant ce fichier à une table dans la base de données MS Access.

Puis-je créer une base de données MS Access (fichier mdb) avec Base?

Non. Base ne permet pas de créer de nouvelles bases MS Access ni de nouvelles tables, requêtes ou formulaires dans une base existante.

Puis-je créer un Menu Général dans Base?

Base n'offre pas pour le moment d'assistant pour créer un Menu Général. Il est possible néanmoins d'aboutir à un résultat similaire en utilisant l'une ou l'autres de ces deux techniques:

En ouvrant un formulaire par défaut par macro

En utilisant un formulaire autonome pour lancer la base de données Base

Our Access databases uses "Workgroup Security" to control group/user permission to view/maintain data?

This question points out what is a fundamental difference between OOoBase and MS Access (MSA). In the case of MSA there is one and only one database engine in use - although you may link tables in MSA to external datasource - MS Jet is still the only database engine actually used by MSA.

In Base (OOoBase) this is not the case at all. The Base database document is simply a front end (client application) to a variety of database engines. In one of these forms it embeds a HSQLDB database into the ODB file itself, many people simply see this as the only Base database format. That is totally mistaken. In this instance of an embedded database there is no support for multiple users and of course no support for groups therefore. However, that is only one of the ways Base can be configured.

You are free to use Base as the front end to a HSQLDB database in server mode. HSQLDB is a very small footprint, low administration database engine and in server mode has full support for users / groups. For larger numbers of users you could just as easily configure Base to work with MySQL, PostgreSQL, Firebird, Oracle, or MS SQL Server.

There is another significant difference between MSA and Base regarding this then. In MSA you would deploy one MDB (or one of its variants ) file, then have each user in the workgroup see this file and open it.

In Base each user would have their own ODB file and each of these would be connected to the shared data server. In this way each user would have their own space for custom queries and reports - but it makes distribution of common forms, queries and reports more work.

Is a Form in Base different from a Form in MSA?

Yes. There are very real differences between how Forms are implemented in Access and Base.

Virtual forms within Base forms

Virtual forms in Base are called "subforms". You can manage them opening the form in Edit mode and then clicking on "Form Navigator", in "Form Design" toolbar.

Where are the Delete / Update queries?

Base does not currently support building delete / insert / update queries in the designer.

Equivalent actions

using the Query Designer

You can achieve the equivalent actions in the GUI using the designer and or SQL commands.

using a macro

I want to filter my form based on the contents of a combobox?

Converting my VBA modules to Base modules

What happened to me?

There is no exact duplicate to the ME pseudo variable in VBA.

In Access VBA 'me' has attributes of two separate objects in OOoBasic: TextDocument and DataForm

The TextDocument object would be used for controlling the window size and placement on the screen for instance.

The DataForm meanwhile supports result set functions, such as First, Filter, InsertRow.

In OOoBasic the pseudo variable thisComponent normally would be the TextDocument, while thisComponent.DrawPage.Forms(0) meanwhile would reference the first DataForm owned by the TextDocument.

Perhaps a still closer equivalent is to use the object ownership hierarchy to get to the form. For example, if we had a single table form with a button, then in the macro called by the 'onClick' (or as OOBase calls it the 'When initializing' event) we would do this: Create a macro in a library named onButtonClick( oEv as object )

   sub onButtonClick( oEv as object )
     ' oEv is the event object passed automatically
     ' it has a property SOURCE which is the 
     ' button that initiated this call
   
     dim oForm as variant
   
     oForm = oEv.Source.Model.Parent
      ' oForm is now the virtual form objct
     
     dim oDocument as variant
     
     oDocument = thisComponent
      ' oDocument is now the textDocument displayed in
      ' the window on screen
   
   end sub

Where is findfirst?

Base does not appear to have a FindFirst function on the rowset like MS Access, what is the equivalent Base function?

MSAccess VBA example:

Say there is a VB combo box which lists all the prospects in the database and allows the user to select a particular prospect and then have the form automatically go to that person's data record.

 Private Sub Find_Combo_AfterUpdate()
 Dim strCriteria As String
 
 strCriteria = "[Prospect_ID] =" & Me.Find_Combo
 
 Me.recordsetclone.FindFirst (strCriteria)
 If me.recordsetclone.NoMatch Then
     MsgBox "No entry found"
 Else
     Form_F_Prospects.Bookmark = me.recordsetclone.Bookmark
 End If
 
 End Sub

For this type of simple single column search it is easy enough to create our own find first equivalent with OOoBasic:

Sub Find_Combo_AfterUpdate( OEv as Object)
   ' Oev is the event object automatically sent
   ' to sub procedure call
   ' Oev will have a property Source
   ' that is the control that triggered
   ' the call to this procedure
 
 Dim oForm as variant ' The dataform obejct 
 
 Dim oComboBox as variant ' The combobox control
 
 Dim oBkMark as variant
 
 oForm = oEv.Source.Model.Parent
 
 oComboBox = oForm.getByName( "Find_Combo" )
   
 oBkMark = FindFirst( oForm.CreateResultSet(), "Prospect_ID", oComboBox.Text )
     ' oForm.CreateResultSet() is equivilant here to me.recordsetclone
 if not IsEmpty( oBkMark ) then
 		oForm.moveToBookmark( oBkMark )
 else
 	msgBox( oComboBox.Text & " not found" )
 end if
 
end sub

function FindFirst( oRS as variant, ColName as string, SearchVal as string ) as variant
       ' oRS is a resultSet object
       ' ColName is the name of a column in the resultset
       ' SearchVal is
   dim colIDX as integer
   dim NotFound as variant
 
   FindFirst = notFound
   colIDX = oRS.FindColumn( ColName )
   oRS.First
   do 
     if oRS.getString( colIDX ) <> Searchval
       oRS.Next
       if oRS.isAfterLast then
         exit do
       endif
     else
       FindFirst = oRS.getBookMark
       exit do
     end if
   loop while oRS.isAfterLast <> True
 
end function

How do I set the filter for a sub-form only?

Existe-t-il un équivalent à DoCmd RunSQL

Oui, dans OOoBase, on utilise soit un objet Statement soit un objet PreparedStatement pour réaliser la même foncyionnalité. Dans OOoBase nous devrons également choisir d'utiliser execute ou executeUpdate.

Par exemple ligne VBA

 DoCmd RunSQL( "SELECT * FROM tContacts" )

devient dans OOoBase

 Dim oStatement as variant
 
 oStatement = OForm.ActiveConnection.CreateStatement
   ' Where oForm is a DataForm object
   ' NOTE you could do exactly the same thing with
   ' a resultSet or rowSet obejct also
   ' oStatement = OResultSet.ActiveConnection.CreateStatement
 
 oStatement.execute( "SELECT * FROM ""tContacts"""  )
 

Par ailleurs, la ligne VBA

 DoCmd RunSQL( "DELETE FROM tContacts WHERE Status = 'INACTIVE'" )

nous pousserait à utiiser la méthode executeUpdate sur une instruction

 oStatement.executeUpdate( "DELETE FROM ""tContacts"" WHERE ""Status"" = 'INACTIVE'"  )

La règle génétale étant :

• si l'instruction SQL renvoie des enregistrements, alors utiliser execute or executeQuery.
• si l'instruction SQL ne renvoie pas d'enregistrements, alors utiliser executeUpdate.

If I use Lookup fields/columns in my Access tables what can I do in Base?

There are two parts to this answer, given that Base does not support Lookup column types in tables.

When a table is displayed in a custom form use of a bound listbox will give you the same functionality. An example of adding a listbox to a form and to a grid control on a form is at this page.

In a table view ( double clicking on the table name ) there is no equivalent to this.

How do I use Domain Aggregate functions in Base?

Domain Aggregate functions such as DCount, DLookup, DMax etc have no direct equivalent in Base. You will have to write or design queries to return these results using the appropriate SQL functions.

How do I add Calculated Controls to my forms and reports?

Controls in Base forms and reports cannot be used to perform calculations. There are two methods available to get a calculated result on a form or report.

Using a query

Modify the underlying data source of the form or report to perform the calculation for each record and return the result as a (calculated) field.

Using a macro

If you need your control to update as data is entered into a form, you will need to write a small macro to perform the calculation and assign it to an appropriate event on one of the data entry controls (e.g. the Text modified event).

Autor: MSA-Base Faq Drew 21:01, 11 September 2007 (CEST) '
Please do not change the logical content of this site without acknowledge of the author or the OOo QA Project Lead/Co-Leads.