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| − | {{NeedsWork}} | + | {{DISPLAYTITLE:Formatting Pages}} |
| − | This page was created by converting ODT to Mediawiki using Writer2MediaWiki.
| + | [[de:DE/Dokumentation/OOo_2.x/Handb%C3%BCcher/Writer-Handbuch/Seiten_formatieren]] |
| − | | + | {{Documentation/WriterFormattingTOC |
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| | + | |PrevPage=Documentation/OOoAuthors User Manual/Writer Guide/Tips and tricks |
| | + | |NextPage=Documentation/OOoAuthors User Manual/Writer Guide/Choosing a layout method |
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| | + | __notoc__ |
| | This is Chapter '''4''' of the '''OpenOffice.org 2.x Writer Guide''' (Third edition), produced by the [http://oooauthors.org/ OOoAuthors group]. A PDF of this chapter is available from the [http://documentation.openoffice.org/manuals/oooauthors2/ OOoAuthors Guides page] at OpenOffice.org. | | This is Chapter '''4''' of the '''OpenOffice.org 2.x Writer Guide''' (Third edition), produced by the [http://oooauthors.org/ OOoAuthors group]. A PDF of this chapter is available from the [http://documentation.openoffice.org/manuals/oooauthors2/ OOoAuthors Guides page] at OpenOffice.org. |
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| − | [[User_Manuals| << User Manuals page]]<br>
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| − | [[Writer Guide| << Writer Guide Table of Contents]]<br>
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| − | [[Writer Guide/Working with Text| << Chapter 3 Working with Text]] |
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| − | [[Writer Guide/Printing, Faxing, Exporting, and Emailing| Chapter 5 Printing, Faxing, Exporting, and Emailing >>]]
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| | = Introduction = | | = Introduction = |
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| | * Changing page margins | | * Changing page margins |
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| − | '''Tip:''' Page layout is usually easier if you select the options to show text, object, table, and section boundaries in '''Tools > Options > OpenOffice.org > Appearance''' and if you select the options for paragraph ends, tabs, breaks, and other items in '''Tools > Options > OpenOffice.org Writer > Formatting Aids'''.
| + | {{Tip|Page layout is usually easier if you select the options to show text, object, table, and section boundaries in '''Tools > Options > OpenOffice.org > Appearance''' and if you select the options for paragraph ends, tabs, breaks, and other items in '''Tools > Options > OpenOffice.org Writer > Formatting Aids'''.}} |
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| − | = Choosing a layout method =
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| − | The best layout method depends on what the final document should look like and what sort of information will be in the document. Here are some examples. Do not worry if all this does not mean much to you now. The techniques mentioned are all described in this chapter.
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| − | For a book similar to this user guide with one column of text, some figures without text beside them, and some other figures with descriptive text, use page styles for basic layout, and use tables to place figures beside descriptive text, when necessary.
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| − | :[[Image:FormatEx1.png]]
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| − | Use page styles (with two columns) for an index or other document with two columns of text where the text continues from the left-hand column to the right-hand column and then to the next page, all in sequence (also known as ''snaking columns'' of text). If the title of the document (on the first page) is full-page width, put it in a single-column section.
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| − | :[[Image:FormatEx2.png]]
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| − | For a newsletter with a complex layout, two or three columns on the page, and some articles that continue from one page to some place several pages later, use page styles for basic layout. Place articles in linked frames and anchor graphics to fixed positions on the page, if necessary.
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| − | :[[Image:FormatEx3.png]]
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| − | For a document with terms and translations to appear side-by-side in what appear to be columns, use a table to keep items lined up so you can type in both “columns".
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| − | :[[Image:FormatEx4.png]]
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| − | = Setting up basic page layout using styles =
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| − | In Writer, ''page styles'' define the basic layout of all pages, including page size, margins, the placement of headers and footers, borders and backgrounds, number of columns, and so on.
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| − | Writer comes with several page styles, which you can build on or modify, and you can define new (custom) page styles. You can have one or many page styles in a single document.
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| − | '''Note:''' All pages in a Writer document are based on styles. If you do not specify a page style, Writer uses the ''Default'' page style.
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| − | To change the layout of individual pages, either define a new page style or use one of the techniques (sections, frames, or tables) described later in this chapter.
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| − | This chapter describes some uses of page styles. Some other uses are discussed in [[Writer Guide: Introduction to Styles|Chapter 6]] (Introduction to Styles). The Page Style dialog box is covered in detail in [[Writer Guide: Working with Styles|Chapter 7]] (Working with Styles).
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| − | '''Tip:''' Any modifications of page styles, including the ''Default'' page style, apply only to the document you are working on. If you want the changes to be the default for all documents, you need to put the changes into a template and make that template the default template. See [[Writer Guide: Working with Templates|Chapter 10]] (Working with Templates), for details.
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| − | == Inserting a page break without switching the style ==
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| − | In many documents (for example, a multi-page report), you may want the text to flow from one page to the next as you add or delete information. Writer does this automatically, unless you override the text flow using one of the techniques described earlier.
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| − | If you do want a page break in a particular place, for example, to put a heading at the top of a new page, here is how to do it:
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| − | # Position the cursor in the paragraph you want to be at the start of the next page. Right-click and choose '''Paragraph''' in the pop-up menu.
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| − | # On the ''Text Flow'' page of the Paragraph dialog box, in the ''Breaks'' section, check '''Insert'''. Do ''not'' check '''With Page Style'''.
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| − | # Click '''OK''' to position the paragraph at the start of the next page.
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| − | [[Image:ManualPB.png|Manual page break]]<br>Inserting a manual page break.
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| − | == Defining a different first page for a document ==
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| − | Many documents, such as letters and reports, have a first page that is different from the other pages in the document. For example, the first page of a letterhead typically has a different header, as shown below, or the first page of a report might have no header or footer, while the other pages do. With OOo, you can define the style for the first page and specify the style for the following page to be applied automatically.
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| − | [[Image:DiffPgEx.jpg|Different page styles]]<br>Letterhead with different page styles for first and following pages.
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| − | As an example, we can use the ''First Page'' and ''Default'' page styles that come with OOo. The diagram below shows what we want to happen: the first page is to be followed by the default page, and all the following pages are to be in the ''Default'' page style.
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| − | : inline:Frame41.png
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| − | To set up this sequence:
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| − | <ol>
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| − | <li>Open the Styles and Formatting window. (You can choose one of the following: click the '''Styles and Formatting''' icon inline:Graphic34.png located at the left-hand end of the object bar, choose '''Format > Styles and Formatting''', or press ''F11''.)</li>
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| − | <li>On the Styles and Formatting window (Figure 4), click on the '''Page Styles''' icon inline:Graphic35.png (fourth from the left) to display a list of page styles.</li>
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| − | : inline:Frame23.png
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| − | <li>Right-click on '''First Page''' and select '''Modify''' from the pop-up menu.</li>
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| − | <li>On the ''Organizer'' page of the Page Style dialog box (Figure 5), look at the ''Next Style'' property. This property defines what the page style for the next page will be. It should be set to '''Default''', but if it is not, you can change the next style by clicking on the drop-down button and choosing '''Default''' from the list of page styles.</li>
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| − | : inline:Frame24.png
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| − | <li>On the other pages of this dialog box, you can turn on or off the header and footer for the first page and define other characteristics, such as columns, a page border, or a page background. For more information, see [[Writer Guide: Working with Styles|Chapter 7]] (Working with Styles).</li>
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| − | <li>Click '''OK''' to save the changes.</li>
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| − | </ol>
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| − | '''Note:''' You can override the ''Next Style'' property by manually inserting a page break and specifying a page style or by starting a page with a paragraph or table that has its own page style property defined. These techniques are described in [[#Inserting a landscape page into a portrait document|Inserting a landscape page into a portrait document]].
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| − | == Changing page orientation within a document ==
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| − | A document can contain pages in more than one orientation. A common scenario is to have a landscape page in the middle of a document, whereas the other pages are in a portrait orientation. Here are the steps to achieve it.
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| − | === Setting up a landscape page style ===
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| − | <ol>
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| − | <li>Note the page style that is current and the margin settings. (You can find the margin settings on the ''Page'' page of the Page Style dialog box, as shown in Figure 8.)</li>
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| − | <li>Create a new style. (Right-click on the current page style in the Styles and Formatting window and choose '''New''', as shown in Figure 6.)</li>
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| − | : inline:Frame37.png
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| − | <li>On the ''Organizer'' page of the Page Style dialog box (Figure 7), name (by typing in the ''Name'' field) this new style '''''Landscape''''' and set the ''Next Style'' property to '''Landscape''' (to allow for having more than one sequential landscape page).</li>
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| − | : inline:Frame31.png
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| − | <li>On the ''Page'' page of the Page Style dialog box (Figure 8), set the ''Orientation'' to '''Landscape'''. The width and height attributes of the page will automatically change.</li>
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| − | <li>Change the margins so that they correspond with the margins of the portrait page. That is, the portrait top margin becomes the landscape left margin, and so on.</li>
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| − | <li>Click '''OK''' to save the changes.</li>
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| − | : inline:Frame32.png
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| − | </ol>
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| − | === Inserting a landscape page into a portrait document ===
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| − | Now that you have defined the ''Landscape'' page style, here is how to apply it.
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| − | <ol>
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| − | <li>Position the cursor in the paragraph or table at the start of the page that is to be set to landscape. Right-click and choose '''Paragraph''' or '''Table''', respectively, in the pop-up menu.</li>
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| − | <li>On the ''Text Flow'' page of the Paragraph dialog box (Figure 9) or the Table Format dialog box (Figure 10), select '''Insert''' (or '''Break''' for a table) and '''With Page Style'''. Set the ''Page Style'' property to '''Landscape'''. Click '''OK''' to close the dialog box and to apply the new page style.</li>
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| − | : inline:Frame34.png
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| − | : inline:Frame33.png
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| − | <li>Position the cursor in the paragraph or table where the page is to return to portrait orientation and change the properties of that paragraph or table properties so that ''With Page Style'' is the portrait page style that was used before the ''Landscape'' page style.</li>
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| − | <li>Click '''OK''' to return to the previous portrait page style.</li>
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| − | </ol>
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| − | '''Tip:''' If you need the headers or footers on the landscape pages to be in portrait orientation, see “Portrait headers on landscape pages" on page 28.
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| − | = Changing page margins =
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| − | You can change page margins in two ways:
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| − | * Using the page rulers—quick and easy, but does not have fine control.
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| − | * Using the Page Style dialog box—can specify margins to two (fractional) decimal places.
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| − | '''Note:''' If you change the margins using the rulers, the new margins affect the page style and will be shown in the Page Style dialog box the next time you open it.
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| − | To change margins using the rulers:
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| − | # The shaded sections of the rulers are the margins (see Figure 11). Put the mouse cursor over the line between the gray and white sections. The pointer turns into a double-headed arrow.
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| − | # Hold down the left mouse button and drag the mouse to move the margin.
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| − | [[Image:Margins-change.png|Figure 23]]<br>Figure 23. Moving the margins
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| − | '''Tip:''' The small arrows on the ruler are used for indenting paragraphs. They are often in the same place as the page margins, so you need to be careful to move the margin marker, not the arrows. Place the mouse pointer between the arrows and, when the pointer turns into a double-headed arrow, you can move the margin (the indent arrows will move with it).
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| − | To change margins using the Page Style dialog box (Figure 8):
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| − | # Right-click anywhere on the page and select '''Page''' from the pop-up menu.
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| − | # On the ''Page'' page of the dialog box, type the required distances in the ''Margins'' boxes.
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| − | = Using columns to define the page layout =
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| − | You can use columns for page layout in several ways:
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| − | * Define the number of columns on a page, using page styles.
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| − | * Switch between one-column and multiple-column layouts on the same page.
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| − | * Select existing text and change the number of columns.
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| − | == Defining the number of columns on a page ==
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| − | It is a good idea to define your basic page style (such as ''Default'') with the most common layout to be used in your document, either single-column or multiple-column. You can then either define extra page styles for pages with different numbers of columns or use sections (described in [[#Using sections for page layout|Using sections for page layout]]) for pages or parts of pages with different numbers of columns.
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| − | To define the number of columns on a page:
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| − | # Choose '''Format > Columns''' or go to the ''Columns'' page of the Page Style dialog box.
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| − | # On the Columns dialog box (Figure 12), choose the number of columns and specify any spacing between the columns and whether you want a vertical separator line to appear between the columns. You can use one of Writer's predefined column layouts, or you can create a customized column layout. The preview box, located to the right of the ''Settings'' area, shows how the column layout will look.
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| − | # Notice the ''Apply to'' box on the right-hand side of the dialog box. In this case, the changes are being applied to the ''Default'' page style.
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| − | # Click '''OK''' to save the changes.
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| − | : inline:Frame18.png
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| − | === Using a predefined column layout ===
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| − | The ''Settings'' area displays five predefined column layouts. To use one of them, click the desired layout.
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| − | === Specifying the number of columns ===
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| − | If you prefer to create a customized column layout, you must specify the number of columns that you want. Enter the desired number in the ''Columns'' box in the ''Settings'' area.
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| − | === Distributing text across columns ===
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| − | You can distribute text across the columns in one of two ways:
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| − | * '''Evenly'''—If you choose to distribute text evenly, Writer will fill the first line of each column, followed by the second line of each column, and so on.
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| − | * '''Newspaper-style'''—If you choose to distribute text newspaper-style, Writer will fill the columns one at a time, beginning with the first column.
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| − | To distribute text evenly, check the '''Evenly distribute contents to all columns''' checkbox in the ''Settings'' area. Clear this check box if you want to distribute text newspaper-style.
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| − | '''Note:''' This check box is not always displayed in the ''Settings'' area. See [[#Changing the number of columns for existing text|Changing the number of columns for existing text]].
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| − | === Formatting column width and spacing ===
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| − | To create evenly-spaced columns that are all the same width, check the '''AutoWidth''' checkbox in the ''Width and spacing'' area.
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| − | To customize the width and spacing of the columns, follow these steps:
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| − | # In the ''Width and spacing'' area, clear the '''AutoWidth''' checkbox.
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| − | # On the ''Width'' line, enter a width for each column.
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| − | # On the ''Spacing'' line, enter the amount of space that you want between each pair of columns.
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| − | If you specify more than three columns, use the arrow keys on the ''Column'' line to scroll among the columns.
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| − | === Formatting separator lines ===
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| − | To display separator lines between the columns:
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| − | # Eighteen separator line options exist: None or various lines of thicknesses which range from 0.05 to 9 pt). From the ''Line'' drop-down list in the ''Separator line'' area, select the type of line that you want. (1 pt = 1 point = 1/12 pica = <sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>72</sub> inch = <sup>127</sup>⁄<sub>360</sub> mm = 0.3527 mm.)
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| − | # The default format is for the separator lines to have the same height as the columns. If you want the separator lines to be shorter than the columns, use the ''Height'' box to enter the height of the separator lines as a percentage of the height of the columns. For example, if you enter '''50%''', the separator lines will be half as high as the columns.
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| − | # If you entered a height of less than 100%, use the ''Position'' drop-down list to select a vertical alignment for the separator lines. The vertical-positioning options are: '''Top''', '''Centered''', or '''Bottom'''.
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| − | === Reverting to a single-column layout ===
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| − | To revert to a single-column layout, go to the ''Settings'' area and either reset the number in the ''Columns'' box to '''1''' or click the single-column layout icon.
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| − | == Changing the number of columns for existing text ==
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| − | You might want some parts of a page to have one column and other parts of the page to have two or more columns. For example, you might have a page-width headline over a three-column news story.
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| − | You can create columns and then type or paste text into them, or you can select some existing text and change the number of columns for displaying it.
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| − | When you select text and change the number of columns for that text, Writer turns the selected text into a ''section'', as described in [[#Using sections for page layout|Using sections for page layout]].
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| − | Figure 13 shows the Columns dialog box for a selection. Notice that the ''Apply to'' box on the right-hand side has '''Selection''' highlighted and an extra checkbox ('''Evenly distribute contents to all columns''') appears in the upper left-hand part of the dialog box.
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| − | As you add text to the section, you will see that the text flows from one column to the next so that all the columns adjust to the same height. If this is not what you want, click anywhere in the section, then choose '''Format > Columns''' to reopen the Columns dialog box, deselect the '''Evenly distribute contents to all columns''' checkbox, and click '''OK''' to effect the change.
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| − | '''Tip:''' Choose '''View > Nonprinting Characters''' (or press ''Ctrl+F10'') to display end of paragraph markers (¶). Often, unexpected behavior of columns is due to extra paragraphs that are normally invisible to the user but are taking up space.
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| − | : inline:Frame19.png
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| − | = Using frames for page layout =
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| − | Frames can be very useful when producing a newsletter or other layout-intensive documents. Frames can contain text, tables, multiple columns, pictures, and other objects.
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| − | Use frames when you need to:
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| − | * Position something in a particular place on a page, for example, a logo or a “stop press" news box in one corner of a page.
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| − | * Allow text on one page to continue on another page somewhere else in the document (other than the next page), by linking the content of one frame to another so the contents flow between them as you edit the text.
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| − | * Wrap text around an object, such as a photograph.
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| − | Because OpenOffice.org does not allow you to define page styles with recurring frames, consider doing some quick sketches of the basic page layouts you need, indicating the approximate positions of different frames and their purposes. Try to keep the number of different page layouts as low as possible in order to avoid chaos in your design.
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| − | Pay special attention to the positioning of frames. Many of the predefined styles default to a center alignment. This is the lowest common denominator of design; centering all frames looks reasonably good in most cases but is rarely the best choice.
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| − | One of the most visually effective ways to position a frame is to align its left margin with that of the paragraph above it. To achieve this effect, insert the frame in a blank paragraph of the same style as the paragraph above. Then, select '''Insert > Frame > Type > Position > Horizontal > From Left''' to position the frame exactly where you want it.
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| − | You also should think about the type of wrap and the spacing between the frame and text. Instead of cramming a frame close to the text, use the ''Wrap'' tab to place some white space between them.
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| − | You can format frames individually or define and apply frame styles; see [[Writer Guide: Working with Styles|Chapter 7]] (Working with Styles).
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| − | '''Tip:''' The Help uses the phrase "text frame" for two quite different things with very different characteristics: frames (as discussed here) and text objects, which are drawing objects similar to lines and boxes.
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| − | == Creating frames ==
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| − | You can create a frame in several ways, depending on your needs.
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| − | * Choose '''Insert > Frame''') to create an empty frame. The Frame dialog box (Figure 15) appears. You can click '''OK''' and come back to customize it later, or you can set the frame's characteristics at this stage.
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| − | * Select text or a graphic, choose '''Insert > Frame''', and click '''OK''' to create a frame containing the selection. The selected text is automatically deleted from the normal text flow and inserted into the frame, and the Frame dialog box appears.
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| − | * Insert a picture or other object by selecting '''Insert > Picture > From file''' or '''Insert > Object''' to start the process to insert a picture or object. The item inserted automatically appears in a frame, but the Frame dialog box does not appear.
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| − | * Use the '''Insert Frame Manually''' icon on the Insert toolbar (go to '''View > Toolbars > Insert''' to display it), select the number of frames in the drop-down menu, and drag the mouse to draw the frame.
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| − | : inline:Frame44.png
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| − | When you release the mouse button, a box appears where the cursor is located in the document. This box represents the frame: an area isolated from the main document.
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| − | : inline:Graphic25.png
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| − | To add content to a frame, first deselect the frame by clicking somewhere else on the page. Then, click inside the frame so that the cursor shifts its focus there. Now add content just like you would on the main page. When you are done, deselect the frame.
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| − | == Moving, resizing, and changing frame attributes ==
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| − | When an object is added to Writer, it is automatically enclosed in a frame of a predetermined type. The frame sets how the object is placed on the page, as well as how it interacts with other elements in the document. You can edit the frame by modifying the frame style it uses or by using a manual override when a frame is added to the document. Frame styles are discussed in [[Writer Guide: Working with Styles|Chapter 7]] (Working with Styles).
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| − | To change the size or location of a frame, first select the frame, then use either the mouse or the Frame dialog box (Figure 15). Using the mouse is faster but less accurate. You might use the mouse for gross layout and the dialog box for fine-tuning.
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| − | You can resize the frame manually (by clicking on the green squares and dragging to the appropriate size) or start adding content to it (the frame will resize automatically if you, for example, add a large picture to it) or go back to the Frame dialog box and set the size and other characteristics.
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| − | To change the location of the frame using the mouse, drag and drop one of the edges or having the cursor anywhere within the frame. (The I-bar cursor changes to a four-headed arrow when properly positioned for a drag-and-drop move.) To change the size of the frame, drag one of the handles. Drag a handle on one of the sides to enlarge or reduce the text frame in one dimension only; drag a corner handle to enlarge or reduce it in both dimensions.
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| − | These resizing actions distort the proportions of the frame. Holding down the ''Shift'' key while dragging one of the handles makes the frame keep the same proportions.
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| − | You can open the Frame dialog box (Figure 15) at any time by selecting the frame, right-clicking, and choosing '''Frame''' from the pop-up menu.
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| − | : inline:Frame5.png
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| − | To remove the default border on a newly created frame, open the Frame dialog box, go to the ''Borders'' page, and under ''Line'', select '''None'''. Alternatively, you can assign a borderless frame style to the frame; see [[Writer Guide: Working with Styles|Chapter 7]] (Working with Styles), for information on frame styles.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | '''Caution:''' Do not confuse a frame's border with the text boundaries that are made visible using the View menu (by checking '''View > Text Boundaries''').
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | : inline:Frame45.png
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | == Anchoring a frame ==
| + | |
| − | Using the Frame dialog box (or by right-clicking and pointing to '''Anchor'''), you can anchor a frame to a page, paragraph, or character, or you can anchor it as a character.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | === To Page ===
| + | |
| − | The frame keeps the same position in relation to the page margins. It does not move as you add or delete text. This method is useful when the frame does not need to be visually associated with a particular piece of text. It is often used when producing newsletters or other documents that are very layout-intensive.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | === To Paragraph ===
| + | |
| − | The frame is associated with a paragraph and moves with the paragraph. It may be placed in the margin or another location. This method is useful as an alternative to a table for placing icons beside paragraphs.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | === To Character ===
| + | |
| − | The frame is associated with a character but is not in the text sequence. It moves with the paragraph but may be placed in the margin or another location. This method is similar to anchoring to a paragraph.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | === As Character ===
| + | |
| − | The frame is placed in the document like any other character and, therefore, affects the height of the text line and the line break. The frame moves with the paragraph as you add or delete text before the paragraph. This method is useful for adding a small icon in sequence in a sentence. It is also the best method for anchoring a graphic to an empty paragraph so it does not move around the page in unexpected ways.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | == Linking frames ==
| + | |
| − | You can link several frames to each other even when they are on different pages of a document. The contents will automatically flow from one to the next. This technique is very useful when designing newsletters, where articles may need to be continued on a different page.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | To link one frame to another:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | # Select the frame to be linked from.
| + | |
| − | # Click the '''Link Frames''' icon inline:Graphic151.png on the object bar.
| + | |
| − | # Click the next frame in the series (which must be empty).
| + | |
| − | When a linked frame is selected, any existing links are indicated by a connecting line, as shown in Figure 17.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | : inline:Frame6.png
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | '''Note:''' You cannot link from a frame to more than one other frame.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | The height of a frame that is being linked from is fixed; you can change this height manually or by using the Frame dialog box, but it does not automatically adjust to the size of the contents (that is, the AutoHeight attribute is disabled). Only the last frame of a chain can adapt its height to the content.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | The ''Options'' page of the Frame dialog box (Figure 18) shows the names of the selected frame and any frames it is linked to or from. You can change this information here. On this page, you can also select check boxes to protect the contents, position, and size of the frame.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | : inline:Frame21.png
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | On the ''Hyperlink'' page (Figure 19), you can specify the file for the hyperlink to open. This file can be on your machine, a network, or the Internet.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | : inline:Frame22.png
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | The ''Wrap'', ''Borders'', ''Background'', ''Columns'', and ''Macro'' pages of the Frame dialog box are the same as those for frame styles. Refer to [[Writer Guide: Working with Styles|Chapter 7]] (Working with Styles) for details.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | = Using tables for page layout =
| + | |
| − | Writer's tables can serve several purposes, such as holding data as you might see it in a spreadsheet, lining up material, and creating more complex page layouts. For information about using tables of data, see Chapter 9, “Working with Tables".
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | This topic describes how to achieve some common layouts by using tables.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | == Example: Creating sideheads using tables ==
| + | |
| − | Sideheads and marginal notes are commonly used in documents from resumes to computer user guides. The main body of the text is offset to leave white space (usually on the left-hand side) in which the sideheads or notes are placed. The first paragraph is aligned beside the sidehead, as in Figure 20.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | {|
| + | |
| − | | ||'''''Example of a sidehead'''''||In some cases you may want to put only one or two paragraphs in the table itself and the rest of the text and graphics in ordinary paragraphs (formatted to line up with the paragraphs in the table) so that text and graphics will flow more easily from one page to another when you add or delete material.<br/>In other cases, you might put each paragraph in a separate row of the table and allow the table to break between pages.||
| + | |
| − | |-
| + | |
| − | |}
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | ''Figure 20: Example of a sidehead.''
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | '''Note:''' Sideheads can also be created by placing text in a frame using the ''Marginalia'' frame style, as described in [[Writer Guide: Working with Styles|Chapter 7]] (Working with Styles).
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | To create a table for use with a sidehead:
| + | |
| − | <ol>
| + | |
| − | <li>Place the cursor where you want the table to appear and choose '''Insert > Table''' (''Ctrl+F12'').</li>
| + | |
| − | <li>In the Insert Table dialog box (Figure 21), define a one-row, two-column table with no border and no heading. Click '''OK''' to create the table.</li>
| + | |
| − | : inline:Frame27.png
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | <li>Position the cursor over the central dividing line in the table. The cursor turns into a double-headed arrow. Left-click and drag to resize the columns. Alternatively, right-click and choose '''Table''' from the pop-up menu; on the ''Columns'' page (Figure 22), make the columns the required width.</li>
| + | |
| − | : inline:Frame28.png
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | <li>On the ''Table'' page of the Table Format dialog box (Figure 23), in the ''Spacing'' section, make the ''Above'' and ''Below'' values the same as the ''Top'' and ''Bottom'' spacing you have defined for ordinary paragraphs of text. Click '''OK''' to save your settings.</li>
| + | |
| − | : inline:Frame29.png
| + | |
| − | </ol>
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | '''Tip:''' To check the top and bottom spacing for ordinary paragraphs:
| + | |
| − | # Position the cursor in a paragraph and press ''F11'' (unless the Styles and Formatting window is already open). Check that the Styles and Formatting window shows paragraph styles (top left button).
| + | |
| − | # The current style should be highlighted. If no paragraph style is highlighted, select '''All Styles''' in the bottom drop-down list. Right-click on it and select '''Modify''' from the pop-up list.
| + | |
| − | # Go to the ''Indents & Spacing'' page and look in the ''Spacing'' area for the values in ''Above paragraph'' and ''Below paragraph''.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | You may also want to turn off number recognition so that Writer will not try to format numbers if you want them to be plain text. To turn number recognition off:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | # Right-click in the table and then click '''Number Format''' on the pop-up menu.
| + | |
| − | # On the Number Format dialog box (Figure 24), make sure the ''Category'' is set to '''Text'''. Click '''OK'''.
| + | |
| − | : inline:Frame30.png
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | '''Tip:''' If you use this table format often, you may want to save it as AutoText, as described in [[Writer Guide: Working with Text|Chapter 3]] (Working with Text). Select the table (not just the contents) to assign the shortcut.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | = Using sections for page layout =
| + | |
| − | A section is a block of text that has special attributes and formatting. You can use sections to:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | * Write-protect text
| + | |
| − | * Hide text
| + | |
| − | * Dynamically insert the contents of another document
| + | |
| − | * Add columns, margin indents, a background color, or a background graphic to a portion of your document
| + | |
| − | * Customize the footnotes and endnotes for a portion of your document
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | == Creating sections ==
| + | |
| − | To create a section:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | # Place the cursor at the point in your document where you want to insert the new section. Or, select the text that you want to place in the new section.
| + | |
| − | # From the main menu, choose '''Insert > Section'''. The Insert Section dialog box opens.
| + | |
| − | # Click the '''Section''' tab, if it is not already displayed. (See Figure 25.)
| + | |
| − | The Insert Section dialog box has five tabbed pages:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | * Use the ''Section'' page to set the section's attributes.
| + | |
| − | * Use the ''Columns'' page to format the section into columns.
| + | |
| − | * Use the ''Indents'' page to set indents in the right and left margins of the section.
| + | |
| − | * Use the ''Background'' page to add color or a graphic to the section's background.
| + | |
| − | * Use the ''Footnotes/Endnotes'' page to customize the section's footnotes and endnotes.
| + | |
| − | At any time, you can reset a tabbed page to its default settings by clicking the '''Reset'''''' '''button. (Note, however, that you cannot reset the ''Section'' page. If you wish to undo changes to the ''Section'' page, you must do so manually.)
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | == Using the Section page ==
| + | |
| − | Use the ''Section'' page (Figure 25) to set the attributes of the current section.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | : inline:Frame1.png
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | === Naming sections ===
| + | |
| − | Writer automatically enters a name for the current section in the top box of the ''New section'' area. To change the name, select it and type over it. The name is displayed in the ''Sections'' category of the Navigator window. If you give your sections meaningful names, you can navigate to them more easily.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | === Linking sections ===
| + | |
| − | You can insert the contents of another document into the current section and then have Writer update the section whenever the other document is updated. This is called ''linking'' the section to the other document.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | To link the current section to another document, follow these steps:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | # In the ''Link'' area (see Figure 26), check the '''Link''' checkbox.
| + | |
| − | # Click the ('''...''') button to the right of the ''File name'' field. The Insert dialog box opens.
| + | |
| − | # Find and select the document you want to insert and then click the '''Insert''' button. The Insert dialog box closes and the name of the selected document appears in the ''File name'' field.
| + | |
| − | # If you want to insert only a section of the selected document, select the desired section from the ''Section'' drop-down list.
| + | |
| − | : inline:Frame20.png
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | '''Note:''' The section must already exist in the selected document. You cannot create a section in the selected document at this point.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | You can update links automatically or manually. See [[#Updating links|Updating links]].
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | === Write-protecting sections ===
| + | |
| − | To write-protect the current section so that its contents cannot be edited, check the '''Protect''' checkbox in the ''Write protection'' area (Figure 28).
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | : inline:Frame2.png
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | '''Note:''' Write-protection protects only the section's contents, not its attributes or format.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | === Password-protecting sections ===
| + | |
| − | To prevent others from editing the section's attributes or format, protect the section with a password, as follows:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | # Check the '''With password''' checkbox. The Enter Password dialog box (Figure 28) opens.
| + | |
| − | # Type a password in the ''Password'' field and then confirm the password by typing it again in the ''Confirm'' field.
| + | |
| − | # Click '''OK'''. The Enter Password dialog box closes. Anyone who tries to edit the section's attributes or format will be prompted to enter the password.
| + | |
| − | : inline:Frame3.png
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | '''Note:''' Passwords must contain at least five characters. The '''OK''' button remains inactive until you have typed five characters.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | === Hiding sections ===
| + | |
| − | You can hide the current section so that it will not be displayed on the screen or printed. You can also specify conditions for hiding the section. For example, you can hide the section only from certain users.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | '''Note:''' You cannot hide a section if it is the only content on the page or if the section is in a header, footer, footnote, endnote, frame, or table cell.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | To hide a section, check the '''Hide''' checkbox in the ''Hide'' area (Figure 29).
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | : inline:Frame4.png
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | To hide the section only under certain conditions, enter the desired conditions in the ''With Condition'' field. The syntax and operators that you use to enter conditions are the same ones that you use to enter formulas. For syntax and a list of operators, see Writer's online help under "'''conditions'''".
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | If the section is write-protected with a password, the password must be entered to hide or reveal the text.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | '''Note:''' Hiding text is not a secure way to stop someone else reading it. It will stop the casual reader but will not prevent someone who actively wants to find out what you have hidden―even if it is password protected.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | == Using the Columns page ==
| + | |
| − | Use the ''Columns'' page of the Insert Section dialog box to format the current section into columns. This page is very similar to the Columns dialog box shown in Figure 13 on page 11. Please refer to that topic for details.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | == Using the Indents page ==
| + | |
| − | Use the ''Indents'' page, pictured in Figure 30, to set indents in the right and left margins of the current section. Enter the desired left-margin indent in the ''Before section'' box. Enter the desired right-margin indent in the ''After section'' box. The preview box on the right-hand side of the page shows you how the section will look with the indents applied.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | : inline:Frame7.png
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | == Using the Footnotes/Endnotes page ==
| + | |
| − | Use the ''Footnotes/Endnotes'' page, pictured in Figure 31, to customize the current section's footnotes and endnotes.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | === Customizing footnotes ===
| + | |
| − | If you want the current section's footnotes to appear separately from the other footnotes in the document, check the '''Collect at end of text''' check box in the ''Footnotes'' area.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | To number the current section's footnotes separately from the other footnotes in the document, follow these steps:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | # In the ''Footnotes'' area, make sure that the '''Collect at end of text''' check box is checked.
| + | |
| − | # Check the '''Restart numbering''' check box.
| + | |
| − | # If you want the section's footnotes to start at a number other than 1, enter the desired starting number in the ''Start at'' spin box.
| + | |
| − | : inline:Frame10.png
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | To edit the format of the section's footnotes, follow these steps:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | # In the ''Footnotes'' area, make sure that the '''Collect at end of text''' and '''Restart numbering''' check boxes are checked.
| + | |
| − | # Check the '''Custom format''' check box.
| + | |
| − | # From the drop-down list under and to the right of the '''Custom format''' check box, select a numbering format for the footnotes.
| + | |
| − | # To add text to the selected numbering format, use the ''Before'' and ''After''''' '''fields. For example, if you want the footnote numbers to be preceded by the word “Note" and followed by a colon, fill the ''Before'' and ''After''''' '''fields like this:
| + | |
| − | : inline:Frame11.png
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | === Customizing endnotes ===
| + | |
| − | If you want the current section's endnotes to appear at the end of the section rather than at the end of the document, check the '''Collect at end of section''' check box in the ''Endnotes'' area.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | To number the current section's endnotes separately from the other endnotes in the document, follow these steps:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | # In the ''Endnotes'' area, make sure that the '''Collect at end of section''' check box is checked.
| + | |
| − | # Check the '''Restart numbering''' check box.
| + | |
| − | # If you want the section's endnotes to start at a number other than 1, enter the desired starting number in the ''Start at'' spin box.
| + | |
| − | To edit the format of the section's endnotes, follow these steps:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | # In the ''Endnotes'' area, make sure that the '''Collect at end of section''' and '''Restart numbering''' check boxes are checked.
| + | |
| − | # Check the '''Custom format''' check box.
| + | |
| − | # From the drop-down list under and to the right of the '''Custom format''' check box, select a numbering format for the endnotes.
| + | |
| − | # To add text to the selected numbering format, use the ''Before'' and ''After''''' '''fields, as shown above for footnotes (Figure 32).
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | == Using the Background page ==
| + | |
| − | Use the ''Background'' page to add color or a graphic to the background of the current section. This page is similar to the Background pages for paragraphs, frames, tables, and other objects in OOo. For more information, refer to [[Writer GUide: Working with Styles|Chapter 7]] (Working with Styles).
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | == Saving a new section ==
| + | |
| − | To save a new section so that it appears in your document, click the '''Insert'''''' '''button. The Insert Section dialog box closes and the new section appears in your document.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | == Editing and deleting sections ==
| + | |
| − | You can edit a section's attributes and formatting, and you can also delete sections.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | === Selecting a section ===
| + | |
| − | To select the section that you want to edit or delete, follow these steps:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | # From the main menu, choose '''Format > Sections'''. The Edit Sections dialog box (Figure 33) opens.
| + | |
| − | # The name of the current section appears in the ''Section'' area, in the field above the list box. If you want to edit or delete a different section, click the name of the desired section in the list. The selected section becomes the current section, and its name appears in the field above the list box.
| + | |
| − | : inline:Frame13.png
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | === Editing section attributes ===
| + | |
| − | To rename the current section, simply type over its name in the ''Section'' area.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | From the Edit Sections dialog box, you can also edit the current section's link, write-protect, and hide attributes. To learn how to edit these attributes, see:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | * [[#Linking sections|Linking sections]]
| + | |
| − | * [[#Write-protecting sections|Write-protecting sections]]
| + | |
| − | * [[#Hiding sections|Hiding sections]]
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | === Deleting sections ===
| + | |
| − | To delete the current section, click the '''Remove''' button.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | '''Note:''' Writer will not prompt you to confirm the delete! To undo a delete, click the '''Cancel''' button.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | === Editing the format of a section ===
| + | |
| − | To edit the format of the current section, click the '''Options''' button. The Options dialog box (Figure 33) opens.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | The Options dialog box has four tabbed pages: ''Columns'', ''Indents'', ''Background'', and ''Footnotes/Endnotes''. To learn how to use these pages, see:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | * [[#Using the Columns page|Using the Columns page]]
| + | |
| − | * [[#Using the Indents page|Using the Indents page]]
| + | |
| − | * [[#Using the Background page|Using the Background page]]
| + | |
| − | * [[#Using the Footnotes/Endnotes page|Using the Footnotes/Endnotes page]]
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | To reset a page to its most recently saved settings, click the '''Reset''' button.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | To save your Options settings and return to the Edit Sections dialog box, click '''OK'''.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | : inline:Frame17.png
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | == Updating links ==
| + | |
| − | You can have Writer update linked sections automatically, and you can also update links manually.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | === Updating links automatically ===
| + | |
| − | The default behavior, whenever you open a document that contains links, is for Writer to prompt you to update the links. To have Writer update links without prompting you or to turn off automatic updating, follow these steps:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | # Choose '''Tools > Options > OpenOffice.org Writer > General'''. The dialog box displays general text document settings.
| + | |
| − | # In the ''Update'' area (Figure 35), under ''Update links when loading'', select one of the following three options:
| + | |
| − | #* Select '''Always''' if you want Writer to update links automatically, without prompting you, whenever you open a document that contains links.
| + | |
| − | #* Select '''On request''' if you want Writer to prompt you before updating links.
| + | |
| − | #* Select '''Never''' if you do not want Writer to update links.
| + | |
| − | # Click '''OK''' to save your settings. The Options dialog box closes.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | : inline:Frame15.png
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | === Updating links manually ===
| + | |
| − | To update a link manually:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | # Open the document that contains the link.
| + | |
| − | # Choose '''Edit > Links'''. The Edit Links dialog box opens. (See Figure 36.)
| + | |
| − | # The list in the Edit Links dialog box displays the names of all the files that are linked to the current document. Click the file that corresponds to the link that you want to update.
| + | |
| − | # Click the '''Update''' button. The most recently saved contents of the linked file appear in the current document.
| + | |
| − | # To close the Edit Links dialog box, click '''Close'''.
| + | |
| − | : inline:Frame16.png
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | = Creating headers and footers =
| + | |
| − | Headers are portions of a document that always appear at the top of a page; footers appear at the bottom of a page. Typically, headers display the title or chapter name of a document. To insert a header, choose '''Insert > Header > Default''' (or the page style, if not Default) as shown in Figure 37.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | [[Image:HeaderFooter.png|Figure 37]]<br>Figure 37. Inserting headers and footers.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Similarly, to insert a footer, choose '''Footer'''.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Depending on which option you choose, an area will appear at the top or bottom of the page where you can enter text. This text will appear at the top or bottom of every page.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Items, such as document titles, chapter titles, and page numbers, which often go into headers and footers, are best added as fields. That way, if something changes, the headers and footers are all updated automatically.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Fields are covered in [[Writer Guide: Working with Fields|Chapter 14]] (Working with Fields), but one example here may be useful. To insert the document title into the header:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | # Select '''File > Properties > Description,''' enter a title for your document in the ''Title'' area, and click '''OK''' to close the dialog box.
| + | |
| − | # Add a header ('''Insert > Header > Default''').
| + | |
| − | # Place the cursor in the header part of the page.
| + | |
| − | # Select '''Insert > Fields > Title'''. The title should appear on a gray background (which does not show when printed and can be turned off).
| + | |
| − | # To change the title for the whole document, choose '''File > Properties > Description'''.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | == Portrait headers on landscape pages ==
| + | |
| − | When you define a header and footer on a landscape page, they will be aligned with the long side of the page. If your landscape pages are going to be inserted between portrait pages, you might want the headers and footers to be on the short sides of the landscape pages, so the final printed product looks like the contents of the landscape pages have been rotated 90 degrees on portrait pages.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | You can set up portrait headers and footers on landscape pages by using a trick involving frames. These are a bit tedious to set up, but once you have done so, you can copy and paste them to other landscape pages. There does not appear to be a way to make this part of the landscape page style.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | To set up portrait headers and footers on landscape pages:
| + | |
| − | <ol>
| + | |
| − | <li>Calculate the required margins so the text area of the landscape page is the same size as the text area on the portrait pages, taking into account the space for headers and footers on the portrait pages. For example, this book uses the margins shown in the following table. The landscape right and left margins are 1 cm larger than the portrait top and bottom margins, respectively. This difference accounts for the extra space used by the portrait header and footer (0.5 cm for the height of the header or footer and a 0.5 cm gap between the header or footer and the main text).</li>
| + | |
| − | {|
| + | |
| − | | ||'''''Portrait page'''''||'''''(right page)'''''||'''''Landscape page'''''||'''''(right page)'''''||
| + | |
| − | |-
| + | |
| − | | ||Top margin||1.5 cm||Right margin||2.5 cm||
| + | |
| − | |-
| + | |
| − | | ||Bottom margin||1.5 cm||Left margin||2.5 cm||
| + | |
| − | |-
| + | |
| − | | ||Left (inner) margin||2.8 cm||Top margin||2.8 cm||
| + | |
| − | |-
| + | |
| − | | ||Right (outer) margin||1.8 cm||Bottom margin||1.8 cm||
| + | |
| − | |-
| + | |
| − | |}
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | <li>Create the landscape page style.</li>
| + | |
| − | <li>Measure the distance from the upper and left edges of the page to the upper left-hand corner of the space where you want the footer to appear. Measure the width and length of the space the footer will occupy (to match footers on portrait pages). See Figure 38.</li>
| + | |
| − | : inline:Frame36.png
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | <li>In a blank paragraph in the text, type the footer text or insert fields such as the page number or the chapter number and name—to match the footer text and fields on the portrait pages. Assign the ''Footer'' style to this paragraph so the typeface, font size, and tab settings match those of the footers on the portrait pages.</li>
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | <li>Select the text (including the fields) you just entered. Choose '''Format > Character'''. On the Character dialog box, choose the ''Position'' tab (Figure 39) and set ''Rotation / Scaling'' to 270 degrees (counter clockwise). Click '''OK'''.</li>
| + | |
| − | : inline:Frame8.png
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | <li>With the text still selected, choose '''Insert > Frame'''. In the Frame dialog box, choose the ''Type'' tab (Figure 40) and enter the width, height, and horizontal and vertical position for the footer.</li>
| + | |
| − | : inline:Frame9.png
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | <li>If your footer has a line above the text, as in this book, on the ''Borders'' page (Figure 41), select a right border and specify the line width and spacing to the frame's contents.</li>
| + | |
| − | : inline:Frame12.png
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | <li>Click '''OK''' to save these settings. The footer should now appear in the required position and orientation.
| + | |
| − | Repeat these steps (using appropriate measurements) to set up a portrait header on the landscape page.</li>
| + | |
| − | </ol>
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | = Numbering pages =
| + | |
| − | To automatically number pages:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | # Insert a header or footer, as described in [[#Creating headers and footers|Creating headers and footers]].
| + | |
| − | # Place the cursor in the header or footer where you want the page number to appear and choose '''Insert > Fields > Page Number'''.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | == Including the total number of pages ==
| + | |
| − | To include the total number of pages (as in '''page 1 of 12'''):
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | # Type the word '''page''' and a space; then insert the page number as above.
| + | |
| − | # Press the spacebar once, type the word '''of''' and add a space; then choose '''Insert > Fields > Page Count'''.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | '''Note:''' The ''Page Count'' field inserts the total number of pages in the document, as shown on the ''Statistics'' page of the document's Properties dialog box ('''File > Properties'''). If you restart page numbering anywhere in the document, then the total page count may not be what you want. See [[#Problems with restarting page numbering|Problems with restarting page numbering]].
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | == Restarting page numbering ==
| + | |
| − | Often you will want to restart the page numbering at 1, for example, on the page following a title page or a table of contents. In addition, many documents have the ''front matter'' (such as the table of contents) numbered with Roman numerals and the main body of the document numbered in Arabic numerals, starting with 1.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | You can restart page numbering in two ways.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | '''Method 1:'''
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | # Place the cursor in the first paragraph of the new page.
| + | |
| − | # Choose '''Format > Paragraph'''.
| + | |
| − | # On the ''Text Flow'' page of the Paragraph dialog box (Figure 9 on page 7), check '''Insert''' in the ''Breaks'' area.
| + | |
| − | # In the ''Type'' drop-down list, select '''Page'''.
| + | |
| − | # In the ''Position'' drop-down list, select '''Before''' or '''After''' to position where you want to insert the page break.
| + | |
| − | # Check '''With Page Style''' and specify the page style to use.
| + | |
| − | # Specify the page number to start from and then click '''OK'''.
| + | |
| − | '''Method 2:'''
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | # Place the cursor in the first paragraph of the new page.
| + | |
| − | # Choose '''Insert > Manual break'''.
| + | |
| − | # '''Page break''' is the default selected on the Insert Break dialog box (Figure 42).
| + | |
| − | # Choose the required page in the ''Style'' drop-down list.
| + | |
| − | # Check '''Change page number'''.
| + | |
| − | # Specify the page number to start from and then click '''OK'''.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | :[[Image:Insert-break.png|Figure 42]]<br>Figure 42: Restarting page numbering after a manual page break.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | == Changing the format of page numbers ==
| + | |
| − | To set the page number to display in Roman numerals, you need to specify the format of numbers in the page style.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | On the ''Page'' page of the Page Style dialog box, in the ''Layout settings'' section (Figure 43), select '''i, ii, iii, ...''' from the ''Format'' drop-down list.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | : inline:Frame38.png
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | == Problems with restarting page numbering ==
| + | |
| − | Restarting page numbering may lead to two problems.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | * The ''Statistics'' page in the document's Properties ('''File > Properties''') always displays the total number of pages in the document, which may not be what you want to appear in the ''Page Count'' field.
| + | |
| − | * When page numbering is restarted, OOo always make sure that an odd-numbered page is a right page and an even-numbered page is a left page. It does this by inserting a blank page, if necessary. Sometimes this blank page is not desired, particularly when creating PDFs or when printing single sided.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | === Solving the page count problem ===
| + | |
| − | Suppose you know exactly how many pages are not to be included in the page count. (You want one page to be excluded in the page count for the following example.)
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Instead of inserting a ''Page Count'' field, you can do the following:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | # Position the cursor where you want the page count to appear.
| + | |
| − | # Press ''F2'' to open the formula bar, just above the horizontal ruler in the main Writer window (see Figure 44).
| + | |
| − | # After the equal sign, type '''''page -1'''''. If you want to exclude multiple pages, substitute the number of excluded pages for 1 in the formula.
| + | |
| − | # Press ''Enter'' to close the formula bar and insert the resulting field into the document.
| + | |
| − | : inline:Frame39.png
| + | |
| − | If you do not know the total number of pages in advance, then one approach is to create a set reference on the last page and then insert a cross reference to it. Refer to [[Writer Guide: Working with Fields|Chapter 14]] (Working with Fields) for more information on setting references and inserting cross references.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | To create a set reference on the last page:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | # Go to the last page (''Ctrl+End'').
| + | |
| − | # Choose '''Insert > Cross-reference'''.
| + | |
| − | # On the ''References'' page of the Fields dialog box (Figure 45), select '''Set Reference''' in the ''Type'' column.
| + | |
| − | # In the ''Name'' box, enter '''LastPage'''.
| + | |
| − | # Click '''Insert'''. '''LastPage''' is now listed in the ''Selection'' column.
| + | |
| − | : inline:Frame40.png
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | To insert a cross-reference to the last page in the header or footer where you want to refer to the total number of pages:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | # Position the cursor at the desired location—for example after the space added after '''of '''in the header or footer, as in '''page xx of yy'''.
| + | |
| − | # Choose '''Insert > Cross-reference'''.
| + | |
| − | # On the ''References'' page of the Fields dialog box (Figure 46), select '''Insert Reference''' in the ''Type'' column and '''LastPage''' in the ''Selection'' column. '''LastPage''' now appears in the ''Name'' box.
| + | |
| − | # In the ''Format'' column, select '''As page style'''. Click '''Insert'''.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | '''Notes:''' Do not delete the reference set at the end of the document. If you do, the cross-reference will not work.<br/>If a field, such as a cross-reference, does not automatically update, select the text containing the field and press ''F9''.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | : inline:Frame42.png
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | == Numbering portrait and landscape pages ==
| + | |
| − | To create page numbers on portrait and landscape pages in the same place and orientation:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | # Refer to “Portrait headers on landscape pages" on page 28 to create a landscape page style and landscape header or footer styles. When creating the page style, check the '''Use dynamic spacing''' check box in the ''Spacing'' area in the ''Header'' or ''Footer'' pages of the Page Style dialog box.
| + | |
| − | # Insert the page break and choose the landscape page style; do not change the page numbering.
| + | |
| − | # In the relevant header or footer, insert the page number field ('''Insert > Fields > Page Number''').
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | == Numbering the first page something other than 1 ==
| + | |
| − | Sometimes you may want to start a document with a page number greater than 1. For example, you may be writing a book, with each chapter in a separate file. Chapter 1 may start with page 1, but Chapter 2 could begin with page 25 and Chapter 3 with page 51.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | Follow these instructions to start the page numbering in a document at a number greater than 1. (These instructions are for a page number in a footer, but you could use a header instead.)
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | {|
| + | |
| − | | || '''Tip''' ||Do not set a starting page number that is an even number because you will end up with a blank page before the first page when you print the file or export it as a PDF.||
| + | |
| − | |-
| + | |
| − | |}
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | # Choose '''Insert > Footer > [page style]''' to activate the footer. (If the page style is already checked in the Footer menu, point to it and click '''OK''' in the OpenOffice.org 2.0 dialog box that appears. Then point to that page style again to select it.)
| + | |
| − | # The cursor is now in the footer. To insert the page number, choose '''Insert > Fields > Page Number'''. The page number will be '''1'''.
| + | |
| − | # Click in the first paragraph in the text area or type a paragraph of text.
| + | |
| − | # Choose '''Format > Paragraph''' (or right-click and choose '''Paragraph''' from the pop-up menu) to display the Paragraph dialog box.
| + | |
| − | # On the ''Text Flow'' page (Figure 9 on page 7), in the ''Breaks'' section, select '''Insert''' and select '''Page''' in the ''Type'' drop-down list. Select '''With Page Style''' and the page style you are using for the first page of the document.
| + | |
| − | # The ''Page number'' field is now active. Type the page number you want to start with. Click '''OK''' to close the Paragraph dialog box.
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | == Numbering pages by chapter ==
| + | |
| − | Technical documents often include the chapter number with the page number in the header or footer. For example, 1-1, 1-2, 1-3, ...; 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, ...
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | To set up this type of page numbering in OOo, you need to do three things:
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | # Ensure that your chapter titles are all identified by the same paragraph style, for example, the Heading1 style.
| + | |
| − | # Use '''Tools > Outline Numbering''' to tell OOo what paragraph style you are using for Level 1 in your outline, and specify “1,2,3" in the Number box. (See Figure 47.)
| + | |
| − | # Insert the chapter number in your document. To do this:
| + | |
| − | ## Place the cursor in the header or footer just before the page number you inserted earlier, and choose '''Insert > Fields > Other''' from the menu bar.
| + | |
| − | ## On the Fields dialog (Figure 48), go to the ''Document'' page. Select '''Chapter''' in the ''Type'' list, '''Chapter number''' in the ''Format'' list, and '''1''' in the ''Layer'' box. Click '''Insert'''.
| + | |
| − | ## Type a hyphen or other punctuation between the chapter number and the page number.
| + | |
| − | For more information, see "Choosing paragraph styles for outline levels" and "Including chapter or section information in page headers" in [[Writer Guide: Working with Styles|Chapter 7 (Working with Styles).
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | : inline:Frame46.png
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| − | : inline:Frame47.png
| + | |
| − | | + | |
| | | | |
| | {{CCBY}} | | {{CCBY}} |
| − | [[Category: Documentation]] | + | [[Category: Writer Guide (Documentation)]] |
