Apache OpenOffice Wiki - User contributions [en]

User:He!ko

2008-07-13T12:15:59Z

He!ko:

[[User:He!ko/Editing]]

[[Category:Collections]]

User:He!ko/Editing

2008-07-10T10:14:11Z

He!ko:

__NOTOC__

==== What it looks like ====

You can ''italicize text'' by putting 2
apostrophes on each side.

3 apostrophes will embolden '''the text'''.

5 apostrophes will embolden and italicize
'''''the text'''''.

(4 apostrophes don't do anything special -- there's just ''''one left over''''.)
===== What you type =====
<pre>
You can ''italicize text'' by putting 2
apostrophes on each side.

3 apostrophes will embolden '''the text'''.

5 apostrophes will embolden and italicize
'''''the text'''''.

(4 apostrophes don't do anything
special -- there's just ''''one left
over''''.)
</pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

You should "sign" your comments on talk pages:
* Three tildes give your user name: [[User:Example|Example]] ([[User talk:Example|talk]]) 
* Four tildes give your user name plus date/time: [[User:Example|Example]] ([[User talk:Example|talk]]) 07:46, 27 November 2005 (UTC)
* Five tildes give the date/time alone: 07:46, 27 November 2005 (UTC)
===== What you type =====
<pre>
You should "sign" your comments
on talk pages:
* Three tildes give your user
name: ~~~
* Four tildes give your user
name plus date/time: ~~~~
* Five tildes give the
date/time alone: ~~~~~
</pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

== Section headings ==

''Headings'' organize your writing into sections.
The Wiki software can automatically generate
a [[Help:Section|table of contents]] from them.

=== Subsection ===
Using more equals signs creates a subsection.

==== A smaller subsection ====

Don't skip levels, like from two to four equals signs.

Start with 2 equals signs not 1 because 1 creates H1 tags which should be reserved for page title.
===== What you type =====
<pre>
== Section headings ==

''Headings'' organize your writing into sections.
The Wiki software can automatically generate
a table of contents from them.

=== Subsection ===

Using more equals signs creates a subsection.

==== A smaller subsection ====
Don't skip levels,
like from two to four equals signs.

Start with 2 equals signs not 1
because 1 creates H1 tags
which should be reserved for page title.
</pre>
----

==== What it looks like ====

* ''Unordered [[Help:List|list]]s'' are easy to do:
** Start every line with a star.
*** More stars indicate a deeper level.
*: Previous item continues.
** A new line
* in a list
marks the end of the list.
*Of course you can start again.
===== What you type =====
<pre>
* ''Unordered lists'' are easy to do:
** Start every line with a star.
*** More stars indicate a deeper level.
*: Previous item continues.
** A new line
* in a list
marks the end of the list.
* Of course you can start again.
</pre>
----

==== What it looks like ====

# ''Numbered lists'' are:
## Very organized
## Easy to follow
A new line marks the end of the list.
# New numbering starts with 1.

===== What you type =====
<pre>
# ''Numbered lists'' are:
## Very organized
## Easy to follow
A new line marks the end of the list.
# New numbering starts with 1.
</pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

: A colon (:) indents a line or paragraph.
A newline starts a new paragraph. 
Often used for discussion on [[talk pages]].
: We use 1 colon to indent once.
:: We use 2 colons to indent twice.
::: 3 colons to indent 3 times, and so on.
===== What you type =====
<pre>
: A colon (:) indents a line or paragraph.
A newline starts a new paragraph. 
Often used for discussion on talk pages.
: We use 1 colon to indent once.
:: We use 2 colons to indent twice.
::: 3 colons to indent 3 times, and so on.
</pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

Here's a link to the [[Main page]].

But be careful - capitalization counts!
===== What you type =====
<pre>
Here's a link to the [[Main page]].
</pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

[[Intentionally permanent red link]] is a page that doesn't exist
yet. You could create it by clicking on the link.
===== What you type =====
<pre>
[[Intentionally permanent red link]] is
a page that doesn't exist
yet. You could create it by
clicking on the link.
</pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

You can link to a page section by its title:

* [[List of cities by country#Morocco]].

If multiple sections have the same title, add
a number. [[#Example section 3]] goes to the
third section named "Example section".
===== What you type =====
<pre>

You can link to a page section by its title:

* [[List of cities by country#Morocco]].

If multiple sections have the same title, add
a number. [[#Example section 3]] goes to the
third section named "Example section".
</pre>

=== Organizing your writing — sections, paragraphs, lists and lines ===
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Sections and subsections
Start sections with header lines

Note: Single equal signs give the highest level heading, like the page title; usually projects have the convention not to use them.






New section

Subsection

Sub-subsection

* Start with a second-level heading (<tt><nowiki>==</nowiki></tt>); don't use first-level headings (=).
* Don't skip levels (for example, second-level followed by fourth-level).
* A [[#Table of contents|table of contents]] will automatically be added to an article that has four or more sections.
* If appropriate, place subsections in order. If listing countries, for example, place them in alphabetical order rather than, say, relative to population of [[w:OECD|OECD]] countries, or some random order.
* If you want to keep headings out of the TOC you have to use HTML heading tags and close them without using a slash e.g. <nowiki><h4>heading too low level to be in the TOC of large page<h4></nowiki>.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

== New section ==

=== Subsection ===

==== Sub-subsection ====
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[w:Newline|Newline]]:

A single
newline
has no
effect on the
layout.

But an empty line
starts a new paragraph,
or ends a list or indented part.
(<nowiki></nowiki> disables this paragraphing until <nowiki></nowiki> or the end of the section)

(In Cologne Blue, two newlines and a div tag give just one newline; in the order newline, div tag, newline, the result is two newlines.)

A semicolon at the start of a line is not rendered, but has the effect of rendering the newline. A colon in such a line is not rendered, but has the effect of starting a new, indented line, see definition list.

You can make the wikitext more readable by putting in newlines.
You might find this causes future problems—see [[w:Wikipedia:Don't use line breaks]] for details.

* When used in a list, a newline ''does'' affect the layout (See [[Help:List]]).
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

A single
newline
has no
effect on the
layout.

But an empty line
starts a new paragraph.</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

You can break lines 
without starting a new paragraph.
(The HTML tag <nowiki> </nowiki> is sufficient. The system produces the XHTML code <nowiki><br /></nowiki>.)

* Please use this sparingly.
* Close markup between lines; do not start a [[Help:link|link]] or ''italics'' or '''bold''' on one line and close it on the next.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>You can break lines 
without starting a new paragraph.</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

* ''Unordered Lists'' are easy to do:
** start every line with a star,
*** more stars means deeper levels.
* A newline
* in a list
marks the end of the list.
* Of course,
* you can
* start again.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>* Unordered Lists are easy to do:
** start every line with a star,
*** more stars means deeper levels.
* A newline
* in a list
marks the end of the list.
* Of course,
* you can
* start again.

</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

# Numbered lists are also good
## very organized
## easy to follow
# A newline
# in a list
marks the end of the list.
# New numbering starts
# with 1.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki># Numbered lists are also good
## very organized
## easy to follow
# A newline
# in a list
marks the end of the list.
# New numbering starts
# with 1.
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

* You can even do mixed lists
*# and nest them
*#* or break lines in lists
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>* You can even do mixed lists
*# and nest them
*#* or break lines in lists</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Definition list'''
; word : definition of the word
; longer phrase
: phrase defined
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>; word : definition of the word
; longer phrase
: phrase defined</nowiki></pre>

* One item per line; a newline can appear before the colon, but using a space before the colon improves parsing.
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Indenting
: A colon at the start of a line indents a paragraph.
A manual newline starts a new paragraph.
* This is often used for discussion on [[Help:talk page|talk page]]s.
In the case of a semicolon and some text in front of the colon, the first colon starts a new line (indented as before) even though it is in the wikitext not at the start of the line, see definition list.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>: A colon indents a line or paragraph.
A manual newline starts a new paragraph.
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

When there is a need for separating a block of text
<blockquote>
the '''blockquote''' command will indent both margins when needed instead of the left margin only as the colon does.
</blockquote>
This is useful for (as the name says) inserting blocks of quoted (and cited) text.
===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>
<blockquote>
The '''blockquote''' command will indent
both margins when needed instead of the
left margin only as the colon does.
</blockquote>
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

<center>Centered text.</center>
* Please note the US-English spelling of "center".
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki><center>Centered text.</center></nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

A [[w:horizontal dividing line|horizontal dividing line]]:
this is above it...
----
...and this is below it.

If you don't use a section header, you don't get a TOC entry.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>A horizontal dividing line:
this is above it...
----
...and this is below it.
</nowiki></pre>

=== Links, URLs ===
More information at [[Help:Link]]
==== Internal links ====
General notes:
* Enclose the '''target name''' in double square brackets—<nowiki>"[[" and "]]"</nowiki>.
* First letter of target name is automatically capitalized.
* Spaces are represented as underscores (but don't do underscores yourself).
* [[Like this one|Links to nonexistent pages]] are shown in red—[[Help:Starting a new page]] tells about creating the page.
* When the mouse cursor "hovers" over the link, you see a "hover box" containing... hover over links below to see.
----

----

==== What it looks like ====

; Basic
Sue is reading the [[official position]]
(or [[Official position]]s).
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>Sue is reading the
[[official position]]
(or [[Official position]]s).</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Basic + [[#Text formatting—controlling how it looks|Text formatting]]
You can also ''italicize''/etc. links: e.g., ''[[Wikipedia]]''.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki> ''[[Wikipedia]]'' </nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Interwiki linking
A link to the page on another wiki (e.g. the same subject in another language)
* See [[m:Help:Interwiki linking]].
* [[:fr:Wikipédia:Aide]].
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
* See [[m:Help:Interwiki linking]].
* [[:fr:Wikipédia:Aide]].
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Section of page
* [[List of cities by country#Morocco]]
* [[List of cities by country#Norway]]
If the section doesn't exist, the link goes to the top of the page.
If there are multiple sections by the same name, link to specific ones by adding how many times that header has already appeared (e.g. if there are 3 sections entitled "Example header," and you wish to link to the third one, then use <nowiki>[[#Example section 3]]</nowiki>. For more info, see [[Help:Editing FAQ#Q: Can I link to a specific section header if there are multiple section headers of the same name? If so, how?|Help:Editing FAQ]].
===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>
* [[List of cities by country#Morocco]]
* [[List of cities by country#Norway]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[Help:Piped link|Piped link]]
Use a pipe "'''|'''" to create a '''link label''':
* [[Help:Link|About Links]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
* [[Help:Link|About Links]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

'''"Blank" pipes''' hide:
* Parentheses: [[kingdom (biology)|kingdom]].
* Colon: [[m:Requests for adminship|Requests for adminship]].
After you save, the server automatically fills in the link label.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>* Parentheses: [[kingdom (biology)|]].
* Colon: [[m:Requests for adminship|]].</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Links to nonexistent pages
A red link ([[like this one]]) points to a page
that doesn't exist yet.
* You can create it by clicking on the link.
* Have a look at [[Help:starting a new page|how to start a page]] guide and the naming conventions page for your project.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
A red link ([[like this one]]) points to a page
that doesn't exist yet.
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Link to yourself
Please "sign" comments on talk pages:
: Your user name: [[User:Example|Example]]
: Your user name plus timestamp: [[User:Example|Example]] 08:10 Oct 5, 2002 (UTC)
: Five tildes give a timestamp: 17:55, 12 April 2006 (UTC)
The server will fill in the link after you save.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>Please "sign" comments on talk pages:
: Your user name: ~~~
: Your user name plus timestamp: ~~~~
: Five tildes give a timestamp: ~~~~~
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[Help:Redirect|Redirect]]s
One article title to another with this special link.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>#REDIRECT [[United States]]</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; "Magic" links
* [[w:ISBN|ISBN]] links to books: ISBN 0123456789X (See [[Help:ISBN links]])
* [[w:Request for Comments|RfC]] links to Requests for Comments: RFC 123 (See [[mediawiki:rfcurl]])
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
ISBN 0123456789X
RFC 123</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Media links
To include links to non-image uploads such as sounds, use a "media" link.
 [[media:Example.ogg|Sound]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[[media:Example.ogg|Sound]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Category listing links (these appear at page bottom and list the page in the category)
To list a page in a category and have a link to the Category at page bottom. 

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[[Category:English documentation]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Category non-listing links (these appear inline ''without'' listing the page in the category)
To link to a category without causing the page to be listed in the category, '''add a colon''' 
[[:Category:English documentation]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[[:Category:English documentation]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Dates:
Use links for dates, so everyone can set their own display order. Use [[Special:Preferences]] to change your own date display setting. 
[[July 20]] [[1969]]
[[20 July]] [[1969]]
and [[1969]]-[[07-20]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
[[July 20]] [[1969]]
[[20 July]] [[1969]]
and [[1969]]-[[07-20]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Special pages
"What links here" etc. can be linked as: 
[[Special:Whatlinkshere/Help:Editing]]
===== What you type =====
<pre>
[[Special:Whatlinkshere/Help:Editing]]
</pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Linking to old revisions of pages, diffs, and specific history pages
External link function is used for these as <nowiki>[[page]]</nowiki> will not work. 
Open an old revision copy the url and paste it where you want it. http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&oldid=482030 
Open a diff, copy and paste the url http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&diff=493810&oldid=482030 
A specific page from edit history. To do this click the either the (older) or (earliest) button at least once and maneuver to the page you want to link to
http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Wikitext_examples&dir=prev&offset=20060813153343&limit=100&action=history
===== What you type =====
<pre>
http://meta.wikimedia.org
/w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&oldid=482030
http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?
title=Fotonotes&diff=493810&oldid=482030
http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?
title=Help:Wikitext_examples&dir=prev&offset
=20060813153343&limit=100&action=history
</pre>

==== External links ====
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

[http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia], [http://www.nupedia.com]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
[http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia],
[http://www.nupedia.com]</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

[mailto:email@example.com Email Example],
[mailto:email@example.com]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[mailto:email@example.com Email Example],
[mailto:email@example.com]</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

Or just give the URL: http://www.nupedia.com.
* In the [[m:Help:URL|URL]] all symbols must be among: A-Z a-z 0-9 ._\/~%- &#?!=()@ \x80-\xFF. If a URL contains a different character it should be converted; for example, ^ has to be written ^ (to be looked up in [[w:ASCII|ASCII]]). A blank space can also be converted into an underscore.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>Or just give the URL:
http://www.nupedia.com.</nowiki></pre>

=== Text formatting—controlling how it looks ===
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

What it looks like
===== What you type =====
What you type

----
==== What it looks like ====

''Emphasize'' (italics), '''strongly''' (bold), '''''very strongly''''' (bold italics).
(These are double and triple apostrophes, not double quotes.)

Note: this can also be applied to links (e.g., ''[[Wikipedia]]'').

<pre><nowiki>''Emphasize'', '''strongly''',
'''''very strongly'''''.

''[[Wikipedia]]''
</nowiki></pre>

----

==== What it looks like ====

You can also write italic and bold.
This is useful in mathematical formulas where you need specific font styles rather than emphasis.
: F = ma
(The difference between these two methods is not very important for graphical browsers, so most people ignore it). But it may make a big difference for the visually impaired ;-)

<pre><nowiki>You can also write italic and bold.
This is useful in mathematical formulas where you
need specific font styles rather than emphasis.
: F = ma</nowiki></pre>

----

==== What it looks like ====

You can also write

in small caps.
If the wiki has the templates, this can
{{bsm}}be much simpler to write{{esm}}.

<pre><nowiki>You can also write

in small caps.
If the wiki has the templates, this can
{{bsm}}be much simpler to write{{esm}}.</nowiki></pre>

----

==== What it looks like ====

A typewriter font, sometimes used for
<tt>technical terms</tt> and <code>computer code</code>.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>A typewriter font, sometimes used for
<tt>technical terms</tt> and <code>computer code</code>.</nowiki></pre>
* For semantic reasons, using <code><code></code> where applicable is preferable to using <code><tt></code>.



----
==== What it looks like ====

You can use small text for captions.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>You can use small text
for captions.</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

You can <strike>strike out deleted material</strike>
and underline new material.

You can also mark <del>deleted material</del> and
<ins>inserted material</ins> using logical markup
rather than visual markup.
* When editing regular articles, just make your changes and do not mark them up in any special way.
* When editing your own previous remarks in talk pages, it is sometimes appropriate to mark up deleted or inserted material.

<pre><nowiki>You can <strike>strike out deleted material</strike>
and underline new material.

You can also mark <del>deleted material</del> and
<ins>inserted material</ins> using logical markup
rather than visual markup.
</nowiki></pre>

----

==== What it looks like ====

Subscript: x2 
Superscript: x2 or x²

Most browsers have an easier time formatting lines with &sup2; than with 2

ε0 =
8.85 × 10−12
C² / J m.
 
1 [[hectare]] = [[1 E4 m²]]

<pre><nowiki>Subscript: x2
Superscript: x2 or x&sup2;
</nowiki></pre>
<pre><nowiki>
&epsilon;0 =
8.85 &times; 10&minus;12
C&sup2; / J m.

1 [[hectare]] = [[1 E4 m&sup2]]
</nowiki></pre>

=== Disabling wikitext interpretation and/or reformatting ===
<nowiki> and <pre> tags can tell the server and the browser to display things as you typed them.
----

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==== What it looks like ====

'''regular'''

* interpret special characters
* interpret special wiki markup
* reformat text (remove single newlines and multiple spaces, perform automatic wrapping)
* a double newline gives a new paragraph

arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]

===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''<nowiki>'''
* interpret special characters
* don't interpret special wiki markup
* reformat text
* ignore even a double newline (no new paragraph); hence has to be applied separately for each paragraph
''can be applied in-line:'' <nowiki>
arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]
</nowiki> ''[[normal]] again''

===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>
''can be applied in-line:'' <nowiki>
arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]
</nowiki></nowiki>''[[normal]] again''</pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''<pre>'''
* interpret special characters
* don't interpret special wiki markup
* don't reformat text (no wrapping)
* allows CSS for HTML element pre; the default skin gives a box
* uses a fixed-width font, as specified in the browser settings

<pre>arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]
</pre>

===== What you type =====

<pre><pre>arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]</pre></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''leading space'''
* interpret special characters
* interpret special wiki markup
* don't reformat text (no wrapping)
* produces HTML element pre, therefore the font and CSS are the same as when using pre; the default skin gives a box
* a blank line ends the element pre; if there are more lines with leading space after that, a new pre element starts (in the default skin: a new box)

arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]
</pre>

IF a line of plain text starts with a space
it will be formatted exactly
as typed
in a font
in a grey dotted-outline box
lines won't wrap
ENDIF
this is useful for:
* pasting preformatted text;
* algorithm descriptions;
* program source code
* ASCII art;
* chemical structures;

WARNING: If you make it wide,
you [[w:page widening|force the whole page to be wide]] and
hence less readable. Never start ordinary lines with spaces. 
<center>(see also below)</center>|
<pre> <nowiki>arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]</nowiki></pre>

<pre><nowiki> IF a line of plain text starts with a space
it will be formatted exactly
as typed
in a fixed-width font
in a grey dotted-outline box
lines won't wrap
ENDIF
this is useful for:
* pasting preformatted text
* algorithm descriptions
* program source code
* ASCII art
* chemical structures
* poetry
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''typewriter font'''

(does not work beyond the end of a paragraph):

<tt>arrow →</tt>

<tt>''italics''</tt>
<tt>[[link]]

New paragraph.</tt>

===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki><tt>arrow &rarr;</tt>

<tt>''italics''</tt>
<tt>[[link]]</nowiki>

New paragraph.</tt></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Show special character codes:

&rarr;

===== What you type =====

<pre>&amp;rarr;</pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

;[[Help:Comment tags|Comments]]
The text between '''here'''

'''and here''' won't be displayed

===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>The text between '''here'''

'''and here''' won't be displayed</nowiki></pre>

=== Special characters ===
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Umlauts and accents:''' (See [[Help:Special characters]]) 
À Á Â Ã Ä Å
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë
Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò
Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù
Ú Û Ü ß à á
â ã ä å æ ç
è é ê ë ì í
î ï ñ ò ó ô
œ õ ö ø ù ú
û ü ÿ 
 
À Á Â Ã Ä Å 
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë 
Ì Í
Î Ï Ñ Ò 
Ó Ô Õ
Ö Ø Ù 
Ú Û Ü ß
à á 
â ã ä å æ
ç 
è é ê ë ì í 
î ï ñ ò ó ô 
&oelig; õ
ö ø ù ú 
û ü ÿ

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

À Á Â Ã Ä Å
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë
Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò
Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù
Ú Û Ü ß à á
â ã ä å æ ç
è é ê ë ì í
î ï ñ ò ó ô
œ õ ö ø ù ú
û ü ÿ

&Agrave; &Aacute; &Acirc; &Atilde; &Auml; &Aring;
&AElig; &Ccedil; &Egrave; &Eacute; &Ecirc; &Euml;
&Igrave; &Iacute; &Icirc; &Iuml; &Ntilde; &Ograve;
&Oacute; &Ocirc; &Otilde; &Ouml; &Oslash; &Ugrave;
&Uacute; &Ucirc; &Uuml; &szlig; &agrave; &aacute;
&acirc; &atilde; &auml; &aring; &aelig; &ccedil;
&egrave; &eacute; &ecirc; &euml; &igrave; &iacute;
&icirc; &iuml; &ntilde; &ograve; &oacute; &ocirc;
&oelig; &otilde; &ouml; &oslash; &ugrave; &uacute;
&ucirc; &uuml; &yuml;</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Punctuation:''' 
¿ ¡ « » § ¶
† ‡ • - – —

¿ ¡ « » § ¶ 
&dagger; &Dagger; • - – —

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
¿ ¡ « » § ¶
† ‡ • - – —

&iquest; &iexcl; &laquo; &raquo; &sect; &para;
&dagger; &Dagger; &bull; - &ndash; &mdash;</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Commercial symbols:''' 
™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤

™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤

&trade; &copy; &reg; &cent; &euro; &yen; &pound; &curren;
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

|'''Greek characters:''' 
α β γ δ ε ζ
η θ ι κ λ μ ν
ξ ο π ρ σ ς
τ υ φ χ ψ ω
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π
Σ Φ Ψ Ω

α β γ δ ε ζ 
η θ ι κ λ μ ν 
ξ ο π ρ σ &sigmaf; 
τ υ φ χ ψ ω 
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π 
Σ Φ Ψ Ω

<pre><nowiki>
α β γ δ ε ζ
η θ ι κ λ μ ν
ξ ο π ρ σ ς
τ υ φ χ ψ ω
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π
Σ Φ Ψ Ω

&alpha; &beta; &gamma; &delta; &epsilon; &zeta;
&eta; &theta; &iota; &kappa; &lambda; &mu; &nu;
&xi; &omicron; &pi; &rho; &sigma; &sigmaf;
&tau; &upsilon; &phi; &chi; &psi; &omega;
&Gamma; &Delta; &Theta; &Lambda; &Xi; &Pi;
&Sigma; &Phi; &Psi; &Omega;
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Math characters:''' 
∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞
≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″
∇ ‰ ° ∴ ø
∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔
→ ↔ ↑

∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞ 
≈ &prop; &equiv; ≠ ≤ ≥ 
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″ 
∇ &permil; ° &there4; ø 
∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ &sube; &supe; 
¬ &and; &or; ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔ 
→ ↔ ↑ 

Problem symbols:

ℵ ∉

&alefsym; ∉

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞
≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″
∇ ‰ ° ∴ ø
∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔
→ ↔ ↑

&int; &sum; &prod; &radic; &minus; &plusmn; &infin;
&asymp; &prop; &equiv; &ne; &le; &ge;
&times; &middot; &divide; &part; &prime; &Prime;
&nabla; &permil; &deg; &there4; &oslash;
&isin; &cap; &cup; &sub; &sup; &sube; &supe;
&not; &and; &or; &exist; &forall; &rArr; &hArr;
&rarr; &harr; &uarr;

Problem symbols:

ℵ ∉

&alefsym; &notin;
</nowiki></pre>

User:He!ko/Editing

2008-07-10T09:56:39Z

He!ko: /* What it looks like */

==== What it looks like ====

You can ''italicize text'' by putting 2
apostrophes on each side.

3 apostrophes will embolden '''the text'''.

5 apostrophes will embolden and italicize
'''''the text'''''.

(4 apostrophes don't do anything special -- there's just ''''one left over''''.)
===== What you type =====
<pre>
You can ''italicize text'' by putting 2
apostrophes on each side.

3 apostrophes will embolden '''the text'''.

5 apostrophes will embolden and italicize
'''''the text'''''.

(4 apostrophes don't do anything
special -- there's just ''''one left
over''''.)
</pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

You should "sign" your comments on talk pages:
* Three tildes give your user name: [[User:Example|Example]] ([[User talk:Example|talk]]) 
* Four tildes give your user name plus date/time: [[User:Example|Example]] ([[User talk:Example|talk]]) 07:46, 27 November 2005 (UTC)
* Five tildes give the date/time alone: 07:46, 27 November 2005 (UTC)
===== What you type =====
<pre>
You should "sign" your comments
on talk pages:
* Three tildes give your user
name: ~~~
* Four tildes give your user
name plus date/time: ~~~~
* Five tildes give the
date/time alone: ~~~~~
</pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

<div style="font-size:150%;border-bottom:1px solid rgb(170,170,170);">Section headings</div>

''Headings'' organize your writing into sections.
The Wiki software can automatically generate
a [[Help:Section|table of contents]] from them.

<div style="font-size:132%;font-weight:bold;">Subsection</div>
Using more equals signs creates a subsection.

<div style="font-size:116%;font-weight:bold;">A smaller subsection</div>

Don't skip levels, like from two to four equals signs.

Start with 2 equals signs not 1 because 1 creates H1 tags which should be reserved for page title.
===== What you type =====
<pre>
== Section headings ==

''Headings'' organize your writing into sections.
The Wiki software can automatically generate
a table of contents from them.

=== Subsection ===

Using more equals signs creates a subsection.

==== A smaller subsection ====
Don't skip levels,
like from two to four equals signs.

Start with 2 equals signs not 1
because 1 creates H1 tags
which should be reserved for page title.
</pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

* ''Unordered [[Help:List|list]]s'' are easy to do:
** Start every line with a star.
*** More stars indicate a deeper level.
*: Previous item continues.
** A new line
* in a list
marks the end of the list.
*Of course you can start again.
===== What you type =====
<pre>
* ''Unordered lists'' are easy to do:
** Start every line with a star.
*** More stars indicate a deeper level.
*: Previous item continues.
** A new line
* in a list
marks the end of the list.
* Of course you can start again.
</pre>
----

==== What it looks like ====

# ''Numbered lists'' are:
## Very organized
## Easy to follow
A new line marks the end of the list.
# New numbering starts with 1.

===== What you type =====
<pre>
# ''Numbered lists'' are:
## Very organized
## Easy to follow
A new line marks the end of the list.
# New numbering starts with 1.
</pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

: A colon (:) indents a line or paragraph.
A newline starts a new paragraph. 
Often used for discussion on [[talk pages]].
: We use 1 colon to indent once.
:: We use 2 colons to indent twice.
::: 3 colons to indent 3 times, and so on.
===== What you type =====
<pre>
: A colon (:) indents a line or paragraph.
A newline starts a new paragraph. 
Often used for discussion on talk pages.
: We use 1 colon to indent once.
:: We use 2 colons to indent twice.
::: 3 colons to indent 3 times, and so on.
</pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

Here's a link to the [[Main page]].

But be careful - capitalization counts!
===== What you type =====
<pre>
Here's a link to the [[Main page]].
</pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

[[Intentionally permanent red link]] is a page that doesn't exist
yet. You could create it by clicking on the link.
===== What you type =====
<pre>
[[Intentionally permanent red link]] is
a page that doesn't exist
yet. You could create it by
clicking on the link.
</pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

You can link to a page section by its title:

* [[List of cities by country#Morocco]].

If multiple sections have the same title, add
a number. [[#Example section 3]] goes to the
third section named "Example section".
===== What you type =====
<pre>

You can link to a page section by its title:

* [[List of cities by country#Morocco]].

If multiple sections have the same title, add
a number. [[#Example section 3]] goes to the
third section named "Example section".
</pre>

=== Organizing your writing — sections, paragraphs, lists and lines ===
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Sections and subsections
Start sections with header lines

Note: Single equal signs give the highest level heading, like the page title; usually projects have the convention not to use them.






New section

Subsection

Sub-subsection

* Start with a second-level heading (<tt><nowiki>==</nowiki></tt>); don't use first-level headings (=).
* Don't skip levels (for example, second-level followed by fourth-level).
* A [[#Table of contents|table of contents]] will automatically be added to an article that has four or more sections.
* If appropriate, place subsections in order. If listing countries, for example, place them in alphabetical order rather than, say, relative to population of [[w:OECD|OECD]] countries, or some random order.
* If you want to keep headings out of the TOC you have to use HTML heading tags and close them without using a slash e.g. <nowiki><h4>heading too low level to be in the TOC of large page<h4></nowiki>.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

== New section ==

=== Subsection ===

==== Sub-subsection ====
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[w:Newline|Newline]]:

A single
newline
has no
effect on the
layout.

But an empty line
starts a new paragraph,
or ends a list or indented part.
(<nowiki></nowiki> disables this paragraphing until <nowiki></nowiki> or the end of the section)

(In Cologne Blue, two newlines and a div tag give just one newline; in the order newline, div tag, newline, the result is two newlines.)

A semicolon at the start of a line is not rendered, but has the effect of rendering the newline. A colon in such a line is not rendered, but has the effect of starting a new, indented line, see definition list.

You can make the wikitext more readable by putting in newlines.
You might find this causes future problems—see [[w:Wikipedia:Don't use line breaks]] for details.

* When used in a list, a newline ''does'' affect the layout (See [[Help:List]]).
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

A single
newline
has no
effect on the
layout.

But an empty line
starts a new paragraph.</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

You can break lines 
without starting a new paragraph.
(The HTML tag <nowiki> </nowiki> is sufficient. The system produces the XHTML code <nowiki><br /></nowiki>.)

* Please use this sparingly.
* Close markup between lines; do not start a [[Help:link|link]] or ''italics'' or '''bold''' on one line and close it on the next.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>You can break lines 
without starting a new paragraph.</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

* ''Unordered Lists'' are easy to do:
** start every line with a star,
*** more stars means deeper levels.
* A newline
* in a list
marks the end of the list.
* Of course,
* you can
* start again.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>* Unordered Lists are easy to do:
** start every line with a star,
*** more stars means deeper levels.
* A newline
* in a list
marks the end of the list.
* Of course,
* you can
* start again.

</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

# Numbered lists are also good
## very organized
## easy to follow
# A newline
# in a list
marks the end of the list.
# New numbering starts
# with 1.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki># Numbered lists are also good
## very organized
## easy to follow
# A newline
# in a list
marks the end of the list.
# New numbering starts
# with 1.
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

* You can even do mixed lists
*# and nest them
*#* or break lines in lists
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>* You can even do mixed lists
*# and nest them
*#* or break lines in lists</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Definition list'''
; word : definition of the word
; longer phrase
: phrase defined
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>; word : definition of the word
; longer phrase
: phrase defined</nowiki></pre>

* One item per line; a newline can appear before the colon, but using a space before the colon improves parsing.
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Indenting
: A colon at the start of a line indents a paragraph.
A manual newline starts a new paragraph.
* This is often used for discussion on [[Help:talk page|talk page]]s.
In the case of a semicolon and some text in front of the colon, the first colon starts a new line (indented as before) even though it is in the wikitext not at the start of the line, see definition list.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>: A colon indents a line or paragraph.
A manual newline starts a new paragraph.
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

When there is a need for separating a block of text
<blockquote>
the '''blockquote''' command will indent both margins when needed instead of the left margin only as the colon does.
</blockquote>
This is useful for (as the name says) inserting blocks of quoted (and cited) text.
===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>
<blockquote>
The '''blockquote''' command will indent
both margins when needed instead of the
left margin only as the colon does.
</blockquote>
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

<center>Centered text.</center>
* Please note the US-English spelling of "center".
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki><center>Centered text.</center></nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

A [[w:horizontal dividing line|horizontal dividing line]]:
this is above it...
----
...and this is below it.

If you don't use a section header, you don't get a TOC entry.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>A horizontal dividing line:
this is above it...
----
...and this is below it.
</nowiki></pre>

=== Links, URLs ===
More information at [[Help:Link]]
==== Internal links ====
General notes:
* Enclose the '''target name''' in double square brackets—<nowiki>"[[" and "]]"</nowiki>.
* First letter of target name is automatically capitalized.
* Spaces are represented as underscores (but don't do underscores yourself).
* [[Like this one|Links to nonexistent pages]] are shown in red—[[Help:Starting a new page]] tells about creating the page.
* When the mouse cursor "hovers" over the link, you see a "hover box" containing... hover over links below to see.
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Basic
Sue is reading the [[official position]]
(or [[Official position]]s).
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>Sue is reading the
[[official position]]
(or [[Official position]]s).</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Basic + [[#Text formatting—controlling how it looks|Text formatting]]
You can also ''italicize''/etc. links: e.g., ''[[Wikipedia]]''.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki> ''[[Wikipedia]]'' </nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Interwiki linking
A link to the page on another wiki (e.g. the same subject in another language)
* See [[m:Help:Interwiki linking]].
* [[:fr:Wikipédia:Aide]].
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
* See [[m:Help:Interwiki linking]].
* [[:fr:Wikipédia:Aide]].
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Section of page
* [[List of cities by country#Morocco]]
* [[List of cities by country#Norway]]
If the section doesn't exist, the link goes to the top of the page.
If there are multiple sections by the same name, link to specific ones by adding how many times that header has already appeared (e.g. if there are 3 sections entitled "Example header," and you wish to link to the third one, then use <nowiki>[[#Example section 3]]</nowiki>. For more info, see [[Help:Editing FAQ#Q: Can I link to a specific section header if there are multiple section headers of the same name? If so, how?|Help:Editing FAQ]].
===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>
* [[List of cities by country#Morocco]]
* [[List of cities by country#Norway]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[Help:Piped link|Piped link]]
Use a pipe "'''|'''" to create a '''link label''':
* [[Help:Link|About Links]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
* [[Help:Link|About Links]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

'''"Blank" pipes''' hide:
* Parentheses: [[kingdom (biology)|kingdom]].
* Colon: [[m:Requests for adminship|Requests for adminship]].
After you save, the server automatically fills in the link label.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>* Parentheses: [[kingdom (biology)|]].
* Colon: [[m:Requests for adminship|]].</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Links to nonexistent pages
A red link ([[like this one]]) points to a page
that doesn't exist yet.
* You can create it by clicking on the link.
* Have a look at [[Help:starting a new page|how to start a page]] guide and the naming conventions page for your project.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
A red link ([[like this one]]) points to a page
that doesn't exist yet.
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Link to yourself
Please "sign" comments on talk pages:
: Your user name: [[User:Example|Example]]
: Your user name plus timestamp: [[User:Example|Example]] 08:10 Oct 5, 2002 (UTC)
: Five tildes give a timestamp: 17:55, 12 April 2006 (UTC)
The server will fill in the link after you save.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>Please "sign" comments on talk pages:
: Your user name: ~~~
: Your user name plus timestamp: ~~~~
: Five tildes give a timestamp: ~~~~~
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[Help:Redirect|Redirect]]s
One article title to another with this special link.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>#REDIRECT [[United States]]</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; "Magic" links
* [[w:ISBN|ISBN]] links to books: ISBN 0123456789X (See [[Help:ISBN links]])
* [[w:Request for Comments|RfC]] links to Requests for Comments: RFC 123 (See [[mediawiki:rfcurl]])
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
ISBN 0123456789X
RFC 123</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Media links
To include links to non-image uploads such as sounds, use a "media" link.
 [[media:Example.ogg|Sound]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[[media:Example.ogg|Sound]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Category listing links (these appear at page bottom and list the page in the category)
To list a page in a category and have a link to the Category at page bottom. 

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[[Category:English documentation]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Category non-listing links (these appear inline ''without'' listing the page in the category)
To link to a category without causing the page to be listed in the category, '''add a colon''' 
[[:Category:English documentation]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[[:Category:English documentation]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Dates:
Use links for dates, so everyone can set their own display order. Use [[Special:Preferences]] to change your own date display setting. 
[[July 20]] [[1969]]
[[20 July]] [[1969]]
and [[1969]]-[[07-20]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
[[July 20]] [[1969]]
[[20 July]] [[1969]]
and [[1969]]-[[07-20]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Special pages
"What links here" etc. can be linked as: 
[[Special:Whatlinkshere/Help:Editing]]
===== What you type =====
<pre>
[[Special:Whatlinkshere/Help:Editing]]
</pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Linking to old revisions of pages, diffs, and specific history pages
External link function is used for these as <nowiki>[[page]]</nowiki> will not work. 
Open an old revision copy the url and paste it where you want it. http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&oldid=482030 
Open a diff, copy and paste the url http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&diff=493810&oldid=482030 
A specific page from edit history. To do this click the either the (older) or (earliest) button at least once and maneuver to the page you want to link to
http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Wikitext_examples&dir=prev&offset=20060813153343&limit=100&action=history
===== What you type =====
<pre>
http://meta.wikimedia.org
/w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&oldid=482030
http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?
title=Fotonotes&diff=493810&oldid=482030
http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?
title=Help:Wikitext_examples&dir=prev&offset
=20060813153343&limit=100&action=history
</pre>

==== External links ====
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

[http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia], [http://www.nupedia.com]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
[http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia],
[http://www.nupedia.com]</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

[mailto:email@example.com Email Example],
[mailto:email@example.com]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[mailto:email@example.com Email Example],
[mailto:email@example.com]</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

Or just give the URL: http://www.nupedia.com.
* In the [[m:Help:URL|URL]] all symbols must be among: A-Z a-z 0-9 ._\/~%- &#?!=()@ \x80-\xFF. If a URL contains a different character it should be converted; for example, ^ has to be written ^ (to be looked up in [[w:ASCII|ASCII]]). A blank space can also be converted into an underscore.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>Or just give the URL:
http://www.nupedia.com.</nowiki></pre>

=== Text formatting—controlling how it looks ===
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

What it looks like
===== What you type =====
What you type

----
==== What it looks like ====

|
''Emphasize'' (italics), '''strongly''' (bold), '''''very strongly''''' (bold italics).
(These are double and triple apostrophes, not double quotes.)

Note: this can also be applied to links (e.g., ''[[Wikipedia]]'').

<pre><nowiki>''Emphasize'', '''strongly''',
'''''very strongly'''''.

''[[Wikipedia]]''
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

|
You can also write italic and bold.
This is useful in mathematical formulas where you need specific font styles rather than emphasis.
: F = ma
(The difference between these two methods is not very important for graphical browsers, so most people ignore it). But it may make a big difference for the visually impaired ;-)

<pre><nowiki>You can also write italic and bold.
This is useful in mathematical formulas where you
need specific font styles rather than emphasis.
: F = ma</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

|
You can also write

in small caps.
If the wiki has the templates, this can
{{bsm}}be much simpler to write{{esm}}.

<pre><nowiki>You can also write

in small caps.
If the wiki has the templates, this can
{{bsm}}be much simpler to write{{esm}}.</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

A typewriter font, sometimes used for
<tt>technical terms</tt> and <code>computer code</code>.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>A typewriter font, sometimes used for
<tt>technical terms</tt> and <code>computer code</code>.</nowiki></pre>
* For semantic reasons, using <code><code></code> where applicable is preferable to using <code><tt></code>.



----
==== What it looks like ====

You can use small text for captions.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>You can use small text
for captions.</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

|You can <strike>strike out deleted material</strike>
and underline new material.

You can also mark <del>deleted material</del> and
<ins>inserted material</ins> using logical markup
rather than visual markup.
* When editing regular articles, just make your changes and do not mark them up in any special way.
* When editing your own previous remarks in talk pages, it is sometimes appropriate to mark up deleted or inserted material.

<pre><nowiki>You can <strike>strike out deleted material</strike>
and underline new material.

You can also mark <del>deleted material</del> and
<ins>inserted material</ins> using logical markup
rather than visual markup.
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

|Subscript: x2 
Superscript: x2 or x²

Most browsers have an easier time formatting lines with &sup2; than with 2

ε0 =
8.85 × 10−12
C² / J m.
 
1 [[hectare]] = [[1 E4 m²]]

<pre><nowiki>Subscript: x2
Superscript: x2 or x&sup2;
</nowiki></pre>
<pre><nowiki>
&epsilon;0 =
8.85 &times; 10&minus;12
C&sup2; / J m.

1 [[hectare]] = [[1 E4 m&sup2]]
</nowiki></pre>

=== Disabling wikitext interpretation and/or reformatting ===
<nowiki> and <pre> tags can tell the server and the browser to display things as you typed them.
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''regular'''

* interpret special characters
* interpret special wiki markup
* reformat text (remove single newlines and multiple spaces, perform automatic wrapping)
* a double newline gives a new paragraph

arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]

===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''<nowiki>'''
* interpret special characters
* don't interpret special wiki markup
* reformat text
* ignore even a double newline (no new paragraph); hence has to be applied separately for each paragraph
''can be applied in-line:'' <nowiki>
arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]
</nowiki> ''[[normal]] again''

===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>
''can be applied in-line:'' <nowiki>
arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]
</nowiki></nowiki>''[[normal]] again''</pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''<pre>'''
* interpret special characters
* don't interpret special wiki markup
* don't reformat text (no wrapping)
* allows CSS for HTML element pre; the default skin gives a box
* uses a fixed-width font, as specified in the browser settings

<pre>arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]
</pre>

===== What you type =====

<pre><pre>arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]</pre></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''leading space'''
* interpret special characters
* interpret special wiki markup
* don't reformat text (no wrapping)
* produces HTML element pre, therefore the font and CSS are the same as when using pre; the default skin gives a box
* a blank line ends the element pre; if there are more lines with leading space after that, a new pre element starts (in the default skin: a new box)

arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]
</pre>

IF a line of plain text starts with a space
it will be formatted exactly
as typed
in a font
in a grey dotted-outline box
lines won't wrap
ENDIF
this is useful for:
* pasting preformatted text;
* algorithm descriptions;
* program source code
* ASCII art;
* chemical structures;

WARNING: If you make it wide,
you [[w:page widening|force the whole page to be wide]] and
hence less readable. Never start ordinary lines with spaces. 
<center>(see also below)</center>|
<pre> <nowiki>arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]</nowiki></pre>

<pre><nowiki> IF a line of plain text starts with a space
it will be formatted exactly
as typed
in a fixed-width font
in a grey dotted-outline box
lines won't wrap
ENDIF
this is useful for:
* pasting preformatted text
* algorithm descriptions
* program source code
* ASCII art
* chemical structures
* poetry
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''typewriter font'''

(does not work beyond the end of a paragraph):

<tt>arrow →</tt>

<tt>''italics''</tt>
<tt>[[link]]

New paragraph.</tt>

===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki><tt>arrow &rarr;</tt>

<tt>''italics''</tt>
<tt>[[link]]</nowiki>

New paragraph.</tt></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Show special character codes:

&rarr;

===== What you type =====

<pre>&amp;rarr;</pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

;[[Help:Comment tags|Comments]]
The text between '''here'''

'''and here''' won't be displayed

===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>The text between '''here'''

'''and here''' won't be displayed</nowiki></pre>

=== Special characters ===
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Umlauts and accents:''' (See [[Help:Special characters]]) 
À Á Â Ã Ä Å
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë
Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò
Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù
Ú Û Ü ß à á
â ã ä å æ ç
è é ê ë ì í
î ï ñ ò ó ô
œ õ ö ø ù ú
û ü ÿ 
 
À Á Â Ã Ä Å 
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë 
Ì Í
Î Ï Ñ Ò 
Ó Ô Õ
Ö Ø Ù 
Ú Û Ü ß
à á 
â ã ä å æ
ç 
è é ê ë ì í 
î ï ñ ò ó ô 
&oelig; õ
ö ø ù ú 
û ü ÿ

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

À Á Â Ã Ä Å
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë
Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò
Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù
Ú Û Ü ß à á
â ã ä å æ ç
è é ê ë ì í
î ï ñ ò ó ô
œ õ ö ø ù ú
û ü ÿ

&Agrave; &Aacute; &Acirc; &Atilde; &Auml; &Aring;
&AElig; &Ccedil; &Egrave; &Eacute; &Ecirc; &Euml;
&Igrave; &Iacute; &Icirc; &Iuml; &Ntilde; &Ograve;
&Oacute; &Ocirc; &Otilde; &Ouml; &Oslash; &Ugrave;
&Uacute; &Ucirc; &Uuml; &szlig; &agrave; &aacute;
&acirc; &atilde; &auml; &aring; &aelig; &ccedil;
&egrave; &eacute; &ecirc; &euml; &igrave; &iacute;
&icirc; &iuml; &ntilde; &ograve; &oacute; &ocirc;
&oelig; &otilde; &ouml; &oslash; &ugrave; &uacute;
&ucirc; &uuml; &yuml;</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Punctuation:''' 
¿ ¡ « » § ¶
† ‡ • - – —

¿ ¡ « » § ¶ 
&dagger; &Dagger; • - – —

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
¿ ¡ « » § ¶
† ‡ • - – —

&iquest; &iexcl; &laquo; &raquo; &sect; &para;
&dagger; &Dagger; &bull; - &ndash; &mdash;</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Commercial symbols:''' 
™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤

™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤

&trade; &copy; &reg; &cent; &euro; &yen; &pound; &curren;
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

|'''Greek characters:''' 
α β γ δ ε ζ
η θ ι κ λ μ ν
ξ ο π ρ σ ς
τ υ φ χ ψ ω
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π
Σ Φ Ψ Ω

α β γ δ ε ζ 
η θ ι κ λ μ ν 
ξ ο π ρ σ &sigmaf; 
τ υ φ χ ψ ω 
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π 
Σ Φ Ψ Ω

<pre><nowiki>
α β γ δ ε ζ
η θ ι κ λ μ ν
ξ ο π ρ σ ς
τ υ φ χ ψ ω
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π
Σ Φ Ψ Ω

&alpha; &beta; &gamma; &delta; &epsilon; &zeta;
&eta; &theta; &iota; &kappa; &lambda; &mu; &nu;
&xi; &omicron; &pi; &rho; &sigma; &sigmaf;
&tau; &upsilon; &phi; &chi; &psi; &omega;
&Gamma; &Delta; &Theta; &Lambda; &Xi; &Pi;
&Sigma; &Phi; &Psi; &Omega;
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Math characters:''' 
∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞
≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″
∇ ‰ ° ∴ ø
∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔
→ ↔ ↑

∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞ 
≈ &prop; &equiv; ≠ ≤ ≥ 
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″ 
∇ &permil; ° &there4; ø 
∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ &sube; &supe; 
¬ &and; &or; ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔ 
→ ↔ ↑ 

Problem symbols:

ℵ ∉

&alefsym; ∉

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞
≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″
∇ ‰ ° ∴ ø
∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔
→ ↔ ↑

&int; &sum; &prod; &radic; &minus; &plusmn; &infin;
&asymp; &prop; &equiv; &ne; &le; &ge;
&times; &middot; &divide; &part; &prime; &Prime;
&nabla; &permil; &deg; &there4; &oslash;
&isin; &cap; &cup; &sub; &sup; &sube; &supe;
&not; &and; &or; &exist; &forall; &rArr; &hArr;
&rarr; &harr; &uarr;

Problem symbols:

ℵ ∉

&alefsym; &notin;
</nowiki></pre>

Writing a symbol over another one:

<nowiki>ox</nowiki> gives ox.

=== Including another page—transclusion and templates ===
Changing a transcluded file will change every file that transcludes it.
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Transclusion
: Including the contents of another page into the current page.
<div style="border: 1pt dashed blue; background: grey; padding: 1em 1em;">
{{:Help:Transclusion Demo}}</div>
===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>{{</nowiki>:Help:Transclusion Demo<nowiki>}}</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[Help:Template|Template]]
A special kind of page designed for transclusion.
These pages are found in the '''Template:''' [[Help:namespace|namespace]]
Templates can even take parameters.
When you edit a page, all the templates used on the page are listed below the edit box.
<div style="border: 1pt dashed blue; background: grey; padding: 1em 1em;">
{{H:title|hovertext|This is underlined}}</div>
===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>{{H:title|hovertext|This is underlined}}</nowiki></pre>

== Records of edits in the database ==
Edits are recorded both in the [[mw:revision table|revision table]] and in the [[mw:recentchanges table|recentchanges table]] of the database.

The revision table is used for page histories and user contribution lists. The recentchanges table is used for recent and related changes, watchlists, and (in the case of page creation) for the list of new pages.

This distinction is relevant in the case that old edits are removed from one of the two tables. For example, if three months of recent changes are kept in the recentchanges table, while nothing is deleted from the revision table, then older edits can be seen in page histories and user contribution lists, but not in recent and related changes, watchlists, and (in the case of page creation) in the list of new pages.

[[Help:Import|Import]] of page revisions adds to the revision table but not to the recentchanges table, so they add to page histories and user contribution lists, but not to recent and related changes, watchlists, and (in the case of page creation) the list of new pages.

{{h:f|enname=Advanced editing}}

[[fa:راهنما:ویرایش پیشرفته]]

User:He!ko/Editing

2008-07-10T09:55:53Z

He!ko:

==== What it looks like ====

You can ''italicize text'' by putting 2
apostrophes on each side.

3 apostrophes will embolden '''the text'''.

5 apostrophes will embolden and italicize
'''''the text'''''.

(4 apostrophes don't do anything special -- there's just ''''one left over''''.)
===== What you type =====
<pre>
You can ''italicize text'' by putting 2
apostrophes on each side.

3 apostrophes will embolden '''the text'''.

5 apostrophes will embolden and italicize
'''''the text'''''.

(4 apostrophes don't do anything
special -- there's just ''''one left
over''''.)
</pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

You should "sign" your comments on talk pages:
* Three tildes give your user name: [[User:Example|Example]] ([[User talk:Example|talk]]) 
* Four tildes give your user name plus date/time: [[User:Example|Example]] ([[User talk:Example|talk]]) 07:46, 27 November 2005 (UTC)
* Five tildes give the date/time alone: 07:46, 27 November 2005 (UTC)
===== What you type =====
<pre>
You should "sign" your comments
on talk pages:
* Three tildes give your user
name: ~~~
* Four tildes give your user
name plus date/time: ~~~~
* Five tildes give the
date/time alone: ~~~~~
</pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

<div style="font-size:150%;border-bottom:1px solid rgb(170,170,170);">Section headings</div>

''Headings'' organize your writing into sections.
The Wiki software can automatically generate
a [[Help:Section|table of contents]] from them.

<div style="font-size:132%;font-weight:bold;">Subsection</div>
Using more equals signs creates a subsection.

<div style="font-size:116%;font-weight:bold;">A smaller subsection</div>

Don't skip levels, like from two to four equals signs.

Start with 2 equals signs not 1 because 1 creates H1 tags which should be reserved for page title.
===== What you type =====
<pre>
== Section headings ==

''Headings'' organize your writing into sections.
The Wiki software can automatically generate
a table of contents from them.

=== Subsection ===

Using more equals signs creates a subsection.

==== A smaller subsection ====
Don't skip levels,
like from two to four equals signs.

Start with 2 equals signs not 1
because 1 creates H1 tags
which should be reserved for page title.
</pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====
id="lists"

* ''Unordered [[Help:List|list]]s'' are easy to do:
** Start every line with a star.
*** More stars indicate a deeper level.
*: Previous item continues.
** A new line
* in a list
marks the end of the list.
*Of course you can start again.
===== What you type =====
<pre>
* ''Unordered lists'' are easy to do:
** Start every line with a star.
*** More stars indicate a deeper level.
*: Previous item continues.
** A new line
* in a list
marks the end of the list.
* Of course you can start again.
</pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

# ''Numbered lists'' are:
## Very organized
## Easy to follow
A new line marks the end of the list.
# New numbering starts with 1.

===== What you type =====
<pre>
# ''Numbered lists'' are:
## Very organized
## Easy to follow
A new line marks the end of the list.
# New numbering starts with 1.
</pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

: A colon (:) indents a line or paragraph.
A newline starts a new paragraph. 
Often used for discussion on [[talk pages]].
: We use 1 colon to indent once.
:: We use 2 colons to indent twice.
::: 3 colons to indent 3 times, and so on.
===== What you type =====
<pre>
: A colon (:) indents a line or paragraph.
A newline starts a new paragraph. 
Often used for discussion on talk pages.
: We use 1 colon to indent once.
:: We use 2 colons to indent twice.
::: 3 colons to indent 3 times, and so on.
</pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

Here's a link to the [[Main page]].

But be careful - capitalization counts!
===== What you type =====
<pre>
Here's a link to the [[Main page]].
</pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

[[Intentionally permanent red link]] is a page that doesn't exist
yet. You could create it by clicking on the link.
===== What you type =====
<pre>
[[Intentionally permanent red link]] is
a page that doesn't exist
yet. You could create it by
clicking on the link.
</pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

You can link to a page section by its title:

* [[List of cities by country#Morocco]].

If multiple sections have the same title, add
a number. [[#Example section 3]] goes to the
third section named "Example section".
===== What you type =====
<pre>

You can link to a page section by its title:

* [[List of cities by country#Morocco]].

If multiple sections have the same title, add
a number. [[#Example section 3]] goes to the
third section named "Example section".
</pre>

=== Organizing your writing — sections, paragraphs, lists and lines ===
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Sections and subsections
Start sections with header lines

Note: Single equal signs give the highest level heading, like the page title; usually projects have the convention not to use them.






New section

Subsection

Sub-subsection

* Start with a second-level heading (<tt><nowiki>==</nowiki></tt>); don't use first-level headings (=).
* Don't skip levels (for example, second-level followed by fourth-level).
* A [[#Table of contents|table of contents]] will automatically be added to an article that has four or more sections.
* If appropriate, place subsections in order. If listing countries, for example, place them in alphabetical order rather than, say, relative to population of [[w:OECD|OECD]] countries, or some random order.
* If you want to keep headings out of the TOC you have to use HTML heading tags and close them without using a slash e.g. <nowiki><h4>heading too low level to be in the TOC of large page<h4></nowiki>.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

== New section ==

=== Subsection ===

==== Sub-subsection ====
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[w:Newline|Newline]]:

A single
newline
has no
effect on the
layout.

But an empty line
starts a new paragraph,
or ends a list or indented part.
(<nowiki></nowiki> disables this paragraphing until <nowiki></nowiki> or the end of the section)

(In Cologne Blue, two newlines and a div tag give just one newline; in the order newline, div tag, newline, the result is two newlines.)

A semicolon at the start of a line is not rendered, but has the effect of rendering the newline. A colon in such a line is not rendered, but has the effect of starting a new, indented line, see definition list.

You can make the wikitext more readable by putting in newlines.
You might find this causes future problems—see [[w:Wikipedia:Don't use line breaks]] for details.

* When used in a list, a newline ''does'' affect the layout (See [[Help:List]]).
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

A single
newline
has no
effect on the
layout.

But an empty line
starts a new paragraph.</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

You can break lines 
without starting a new paragraph.
(The HTML tag <nowiki> </nowiki> is sufficient. The system produces the XHTML code <nowiki><br /></nowiki>.)

* Please use this sparingly.
* Close markup between lines; do not start a [[Help:link|link]] or ''italics'' or '''bold''' on one line and close it on the next.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>You can break lines 
without starting a new paragraph.</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

* ''Unordered Lists'' are easy to do:
** start every line with a star,
*** more stars means deeper levels.
* A newline
* in a list
marks the end of the list.
* Of course,
* you can
* start again.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>* Unordered Lists are easy to do:
** start every line with a star,
*** more stars means deeper levels.
* A newline
* in a list
marks the end of the list.
* Of course,
* you can
* start again.

</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

# Numbered lists are also good
## very organized
## easy to follow
# A newline
# in a list
marks the end of the list.
# New numbering starts
# with 1.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki># Numbered lists are also good
## very organized
## easy to follow
# A newline
# in a list
marks the end of the list.
# New numbering starts
# with 1.
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

* You can even do mixed lists
*# and nest them
*#* or break lines in lists
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>* You can even do mixed lists
*# and nest them
*#* or break lines in lists</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Definition list'''
; word : definition of the word
; longer phrase
: phrase defined
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>; word : definition of the word
; longer phrase
: phrase defined</nowiki></pre>

* One item per line; a newline can appear before the colon, but using a space before the colon improves parsing.
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Indenting
: A colon at the start of a line indents a paragraph.
A manual newline starts a new paragraph.
* This is often used for discussion on [[Help:talk page|talk page]]s.
In the case of a semicolon and some text in front of the colon, the first colon starts a new line (indented as before) even though it is in the wikitext not at the start of the line, see definition list.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>: A colon indents a line or paragraph.
A manual newline starts a new paragraph.
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

When there is a need for separating a block of text
<blockquote>
the '''blockquote''' command will indent both margins when needed instead of the left margin only as the colon does.
</blockquote>
This is useful for (as the name says) inserting blocks of quoted (and cited) text.
===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>
<blockquote>
The '''blockquote''' command will indent
both margins when needed instead of the
left margin only as the colon does.
</blockquote>
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

<center>Centered text.</center>
* Please note the US-English spelling of "center".
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki><center>Centered text.</center></nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

A [[w:horizontal dividing line|horizontal dividing line]]:
this is above it...
----
...and this is below it.

If you don't use a section header, you don't get a TOC entry.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>A horizontal dividing line:
this is above it...
----
...and this is below it.
</nowiki></pre>

=== Links, URLs ===
More information at [[Help:Link]]
==== Internal links ====
General notes:
* Enclose the '''target name''' in double square brackets—<nowiki>"[[" and "]]"</nowiki>.
* First letter of target name is automatically capitalized.
* Spaces are represented as underscores (but don't do underscores yourself).
* [[Like this one|Links to nonexistent pages]] are shown in red—[[Help:Starting a new page]] tells about creating the page.
* When the mouse cursor "hovers" over the link, you see a "hover box" containing... hover over links below to see.
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Basic
Sue is reading the [[official position]]
(or [[Official position]]s).
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>Sue is reading the
[[official position]]
(or [[Official position]]s).</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Basic + [[#Text formatting—controlling how it looks|Text formatting]]
You can also ''italicize''/etc. links: e.g., ''[[Wikipedia]]''.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki> ''[[Wikipedia]]'' </nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Interwiki linking
A link to the page on another wiki (e.g. the same subject in another language)
* See [[m:Help:Interwiki linking]].
* [[:fr:Wikipédia:Aide]].
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
* See [[m:Help:Interwiki linking]].
* [[:fr:Wikipédia:Aide]].
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Section of page
* [[List of cities by country#Morocco]]
* [[List of cities by country#Norway]]
If the section doesn't exist, the link goes to the top of the page.
If there are multiple sections by the same name, link to specific ones by adding how many times that header has already appeared (e.g. if there are 3 sections entitled "Example header," and you wish to link to the third one, then use <nowiki>[[#Example section 3]]</nowiki>. For more info, see [[Help:Editing FAQ#Q: Can I link to a specific section header if there are multiple section headers of the same name? If so, how?|Help:Editing FAQ]].
===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>
* [[List of cities by country#Morocco]]
* [[List of cities by country#Norway]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[Help:Piped link|Piped link]]
Use a pipe "'''|'''" to create a '''link label''':
* [[Help:Link|About Links]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
* [[Help:Link|About Links]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

'''"Blank" pipes''' hide:
* Parentheses: [[kingdom (biology)|kingdom]].
* Colon: [[m:Requests for adminship|Requests for adminship]].
After you save, the server automatically fills in the link label.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>* Parentheses: [[kingdom (biology)|]].
* Colon: [[m:Requests for adminship|]].</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Links to nonexistent pages
A red link ([[like this one]]) points to a page
that doesn't exist yet.
* You can create it by clicking on the link.
* Have a look at [[Help:starting a new page|how to start a page]] guide and the naming conventions page for your project.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
A red link ([[like this one]]) points to a page
that doesn't exist yet.
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Link to yourself
Please "sign" comments on talk pages:
: Your user name: [[User:Example|Example]]
: Your user name plus timestamp: [[User:Example|Example]] 08:10 Oct 5, 2002 (UTC)
: Five tildes give a timestamp: 17:55, 12 April 2006 (UTC)
The server will fill in the link after you save.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>Please "sign" comments on talk pages:
: Your user name: ~~~
: Your user name plus timestamp: ~~~~
: Five tildes give a timestamp: ~~~~~
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[Help:Redirect|Redirect]]s
One article title to another with this special link.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>#REDIRECT [[United States]]</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; "Magic" links
* [[w:ISBN|ISBN]] links to books: ISBN 0123456789X (See [[Help:ISBN links]])
* [[w:Request for Comments|RfC]] links to Requests for Comments: RFC 123 (See [[mediawiki:rfcurl]])
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
ISBN 0123456789X
RFC 123</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Media links
To include links to non-image uploads such as sounds, use a "media" link.
 [[media:Example.ogg|Sound]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[[media:Example.ogg|Sound]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Category listing links (these appear at page bottom and list the page in the category)
To list a page in a category and have a link to the Category at page bottom. 

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[[Category:English documentation]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Category non-listing links (these appear inline ''without'' listing the page in the category)
To link to a category without causing the page to be listed in the category, '''add a colon''' 
[[:Category:English documentation]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[[:Category:English documentation]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Dates:
Use links for dates, so everyone can set their own display order. Use [[Special:Preferences]] to change your own date display setting. 
[[July 20]] [[1969]]
[[20 July]] [[1969]]
and [[1969]]-[[07-20]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
[[July 20]] [[1969]]
[[20 July]] [[1969]]
and [[1969]]-[[07-20]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Special pages
"What links here" etc. can be linked as: 
[[Special:Whatlinkshere/Help:Editing]]
===== What you type =====
<pre>
[[Special:Whatlinkshere/Help:Editing]]
</pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Linking to old revisions of pages, diffs, and specific history pages
External link function is used for these as <nowiki>[[page]]</nowiki> will not work. 
Open an old revision copy the url and paste it where you want it. http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&oldid=482030 
Open a diff, copy and paste the url http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&diff=493810&oldid=482030 
A specific page from edit history. To do this click the either the (older) or (earliest) button at least once and maneuver to the page you want to link to
http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Wikitext_examples&dir=prev&offset=20060813153343&limit=100&action=history
===== What you type =====
<pre>
http://meta.wikimedia.org
/w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&oldid=482030
http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?
title=Fotonotes&diff=493810&oldid=482030
http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?
title=Help:Wikitext_examples&dir=prev&offset
=20060813153343&limit=100&action=history
</pre>

==== External links ====
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

[http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia], [http://www.nupedia.com]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
[http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia],
[http://www.nupedia.com]</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

[mailto:email@example.com Email Example],
[mailto:email@example.com]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[mailto:email@example.com Email Example],
[mailto:email@example.com]</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

Or just give the URL: http://www.nupedia.com.
* In the [[m:Help:URL|URL]] all symbols must be among: A-Z a-z 0-9 ._\/~%- &#?!=()@ \x80-\xFF. If a URL contains a different character it should be converted; for example, ^ has to be written ^ (to be looked up in [[w:ASCII|ASCII]]). A blank space can also be converted into an underscore.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>Or just give the URL:
http://www.nupedia.com.</nowiki></pre>

=== Text formatting—controlling how it looks ===
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

What it looks like
===== What you type =====
What you type

----
==== What it looks like ====

|
''Emphasize'' (italics), '''strongly''' (bold), '''''very strongly''''' (bold italics).
(These are double and triple apostrophes, not double quotes.)

Note: this can also be applied to links (e.g., ''[[Wikipedia]]'').

<pre><nowiki>''Emphasize'', '''strongly''',
'''''very strongly'''''.

''[[Wikipedia]]''
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

|
You can also write italic and bold.
This is useful in mathematical formulas where you need specific font styles rather than emphasis.
: F = ma
(The difference between these two methods is not very important for graphical browsers, so most people ignore it). But it may make a big difference for the visually impaired ;-)

<pre><nowiki>You can also write italic and bold.
This is useful in mathematical formulas where you
need specific font styles rather than emphasis.
: F = ma</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

|
You can also write

in small caps.
If the wiki has the templates, this can
{{bsm}}be much simpler to write{{esm}}.

<pre><nowiki>You can also write

in small caps.
If the wiki has the templates, this can
{{bsm}}be much simpler to write{{esm}}.</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

A typewriter font, sometimes used for
<tt>technical terms</tt> and <code>computer code</code>.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>A typewriter font, sometimes used for
<tt>technical terms</tt> and <code>computer code</code>.</nowiki></pre>
* For semantic reasons, using <code><code></code> where applicable is preferable to using <code><tt></code>.



----
==== What it looks like ====

You can use small text for captions.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>You can use small text
for captions.</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

|You can <strike>strike out deleted material</strike>
and underline new material.

You can also mark <del>deleted material</del> and
<ins>inserted material</ins> using logical markup
rather than visual markup.
* When editing regular articles, just make your changes and do not mark them up in any special way.
* When editing your own previous remarks in talk pages, it is sometimes appropriate to mark up deleted or inserted material.

<pre><nowiki>You can <strike>strike out deleted material</strike>
and underline new material.

You can also mark <del>deleted material</del> and
<ins>inserted material</ins> using logical markup
rather than visual markup.
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

|Subscript: x2 
Superscript: x2 or x²

Most browsers have an easier time formatting lines with &sup2; than with 2

ε0 =
8.85 × 10−12
C² / J m.
 
1 [[hectare]] = [[1 E4 m²]]

<pre><nowiki>Subscript: x2
Superscript: x2 or x&sup2;
</nowiki></pre>
<pre><nowiki>
&epsilon;0 =
8.85 &times; 10&minus;12
C&sup2; / J m.

1 [[hectare]] = [[1 E4 m&sup2]]
</nowiki></pre>

=== Disabling wikitext interpretation and/or reformatting ===
<nowiki> and <pre> tags can tell the server and the browser to display things as you typed them.
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''regular'''

* interpret special characters
* interpret special wiki markup
* reformat text (remove single newlines and multiple spaces, perform automatic wrapping)
* a double newline gives a new paragraph

arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]

===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''<nowiki>'''
* interpret special characters
* don't interpret special wiki markup
* reformat text
* ignore even a double newline (no new paragraph); hence has to be applied separately for each paragraph
''can be applied in-line:'' <nowiki>
arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]
</nowiki> ''[[normal]] again''

===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>
''can be applied in-line:'' <nowiki>
arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]
</nowiki></nowiki>''[[normal]] again''</pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''<pre>'''
* interpret special characters
* don't interpret special wiki markup
* don't reformat text (no wrapping)
* allows CSS for HTML element pre; the default skin gives a box
* uses a fixed-width font, as specified in the browser settings

<pre>arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]
</pre>

===== What you type =====

<pre><pre>arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]</pre></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''leading space'''
* interpret special characters
* interpret special wiki markup
* don't reformat text (no wrapping)
* produces HTML element pre, therefore the font and CSS are the same as when using pre; the default skin gives a box
* a blank line ends the element pre; if there are more lines with leading space after that, a new pre element starts (in the default skin: a new box)

arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]
</pre>

IF a line of plain text starts with a space
it will be formatted exactly
as typed
in a font
in a grey dotted-outline box
lines won't wrap
ENDIF
this is useful for:
* pasting preformatted text;
* algorithm descriptions;
* program source code
* ASCII art;
* chemical structures;

WARNING: If you make it wide,
you [[w:page widening|force the whole page to be wide]] and
hence less readable. Never start ordinary lines with spaces. 
<center>(see also below)</center>|
<pre> <nowiki>arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]</nowiki></pre>

<pre><nowiki> IF a line of plain text starts with a space
it will be formatted exactly
as typed
in a fixed-width font
in a grey dotted-outline box
lines won't wrap
ENDIF
this is useful for:
* pasting preformatted text
* algorithm descriptions
* program source code
* ASCII art
* chemical structures
* poetry
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''typewriter font'''

(does not work beyond the end of a paragraph):

<tt>arrow →</tt>

<tt>''italics''</tt>
<tt>[[link]]

New paragraph.</tt>

===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki><tt>arrow &rarr;</tt>

<tt>''italics''</tt>
<tt>[[link]]</nowiki>

New paragraph.</tt></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Show special character codes:

&rarr;

===== What you type =====

<pre>&amp;rarr;</pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

;[[Help:Comment tags|Comments]]
The text between '''here'''

'''and here''' won't be displayed

===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>The text between '''here'''

'''and here''' won't be displayed</nowiki></pre>

=== Special characters ===
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Umlauts and accents:''' (See [[Help:Special characters]]) 
À Á Â Ã Ä Å
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë
Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò
Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù
Ú Û Ü ß à á
â ã ä å æ ç
è é ê ë ì í
î ï ñ ò ó ô
œ õ ö ø ù ú
û ü ÿ 
 
À Á Â Ã Ä Å 
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë 
Ì Í
Î Ï Ñ Ò 
Ó Ô Õ
Ö Ø Ù 
Ú Û Ü ß
à á 
â ã ä å æ
ç 
è é ê ë ì í 
î ï ñ ò ó ô 
&oelig; õ
ö ø ù ú 
û ü ÿ

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

À Á Â Ã Ä Å
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë
Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò
Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù
Ú Û Ü ß à á
â ã ä å æ ç
è é ê ë ì í
î ï ñ ò ó ô
œ õ ö ø ù ú
û ü ÿ

&Agrave; &Aacute; &Acirc; &Atilde; &Auml; &Aring;
&AElig; &Ccedil; &Egrave; &Eacute; &Ecirc; &Euml;
&Igrave; &Iacute; &Icirc; &Iuml; &Ntilde; &Ograve;
&Oacute; &Ocirc; &Otilde; &Ouml; &Oslash; &Ugrave;
&Uacute; &Ucirc; &Uuml; &szlig; &agrave; &aacute;
&acirc; &atilde; &auml; &aring; &aelig; &ccedil;
&egrave; &eacute; &ecirc; &euml; &igrave; &iacute;
&icirc; &iuml; &ntilde; &ograve; &oacute; &ocirc;
&oelig; &otilde; &ouml; &oslash; &ugrave; &uacute;
&ucirc; &uuml; &yuml;</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Punctuation:''' 
¿ ¡ « » § ¶
† ‡ • - – —

¿ ¡ « » § ¶ 
&dagger; &Dagger; • - – —

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
¿ ¡ « » § ¶
† ‡ • - – —

&iquest; &iexcl; &laquo; &raquo; &sect; &para;
&dagger; &Dagger; &bull; - &ndash; &mdash;</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Commercial symbols:''' 
™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤

™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤

&trade; &copy; &reg; &cent; &euro; &yen; &pound; &curren;
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

|'''Greek characters:''' 
α β γ δ ε ζ
η θ ι κ λ μ ν
ξ ο π ρ σ ς
τ υ φ χ ψ ω
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π
Σ Φ Ψ Ω

α β γ δ ε ζ 
η θ ι κ λ μ ν 
ξ ο π ρ σ &sigmaf; 
τ υ φ χ ψ ω 
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π 
Σ Φ Ψ Ω

<pre><nowiki>
α β γ δ ε ζ
η θ ι κ λ μ ν
ξ ο π ρ σ ς
τ υ φ χ ψ ω
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π
Σ Φ Ψ Ω

&alpha; &beta; &gamma; &delta; &epsilon; &zeta;
&eta; &theta; &iota; &kappa; &lambda; &mu; &nu;
&xi; &omicron; &pi; &rho; &sigma; &sigmaf;
&tau; &upsilon; &phi; &chi; &psi; &omega;
&Gamma; &Delta; &Theta; &Lambda; &Xi; &Pi;
&Sigma; &Phi; &Psi; &Omega;
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Math characters:''' 
∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞
≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″
∇ ‰ ° ∴ ø
∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔
→ ↔ ↑

∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞ 
≈ &prop; &equiv; ≠ ≤ ≥ 
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″ 
∇ &permil; ° &there4; ø 
∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ &sube; &supe; 
¬ &and; &or; ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔ 
→ ↔ ↑ 

Problem symbols:

ℵ ∉

&alefsym; ∉

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞
≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″
∇ ‰ ° ∴ ø
∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔
→ ↔ ↑

&int; &sum; &prod; &radic; &minus; &plusmn; &infin;
&asymp; &prop; &equiv; &ne; &le; &ge;
&times; &middot; &divide; &part; &prime; &Prime;
&nabla; &permil; &deg; &there4; &oslash;
&isin; &cap; &cup; &sub; &sup; &sube; &supe;
&not; &and; &or; &exist; &forall; &rArr; &hArr;
&rarr; &harr; &uarr;

Problem symbols:

ℵ ∉

&alefsym; &notin;
</nowiki></pre>

Writing a symbol over another one:

<nowiki>ox</nowiki> gives ox.

=== Including another page—transclusion and templates ===
Changing a transcluded file will change every file that transcludes it.
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Transclusion
: Including the contents of another page into the current page.
<div style="border: 1pt dashed blue; background: grey; padding: 1em 1em;">
{{:Help:Transclusion Demo}}</div>
===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>{{</nowiki>:Help:Transclusion Demo<nowiki>}}</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[Help:Template|Template]]
A special kind of page designed for transclusion.
These pages are found in the '''Template:''' [[Help:namespace|namespace]]
Templates can even take parameters.
When you edit a page, all the templates used on the page are listed below the edit box.
<div style="border: 1pt dashed blue; background: grey; padding: 1em 1em;">
{{H:title|hovertext|This is underlined}}</div>
===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>{{H:title|hovertext|This is underlined}}</nowiki></pre>

== Records of edits in the database ==
Edits are recorded both in the [[mw:revision table|revision table]] and in the [[mw:recentchanges table|recentchanges table]] of the database.

The revision table is used for page histories and user contribution lists. The recentchanges table is used for recent and related changes, watchlists, and (in the case of page creation) for the list of new pages.

This distinction is relevant in the case that old edits are removed from one of the two tables. For example, if three months of recent changes are kept in the recentchanges table, while nothing is deleted from the revision table, then older edits can be seen in page histories and user contribution lists, but not in recent and related changes, watchlists, and (in the case of page creation) in the list of new pages.

[[Help:Import|Import]] of page revisions adds to the revision table but not to the recentchanges table, so they add to page histories and user contribution lists, but not to recent and related changes, watchlists, and (in the case of page creation) the list of new pages.

{{h:f|enname=Advanced editing}}

[[fa:راهنما:ویرایش پیشرفته]]

User:He!ko/Editing

2008-07-10T09:47:21Z

He!ko:

==== What it looks like ====

; Sections and subsections
Start sections with header lines

Note: Single equal signs give the highest level heading, like the page title; usually projects have the convention not to use them.






New section

Subsection

Sub-subsection

* Start with a second-level heading (<tt><nowiki>==</nowiki></tt>); don't use first-level headings (=).
* Don't skip levels (for example, second-level followed by fourth-level).
* A [[#Table of contents|table of contents]] will automatically be added to an article that has four or more sections.
* If appropriate, place subsections in order. If listing countries, for example, place them in alphabetical order rather than, say, relative to population of [[w:OECD|OECD]] countries, or some random order.
* If you want to keep headings out of the TOC you have to use HTML heading tags and close them without using a slash e.g. <nowiki><h4>heading too low level to be in the TOC of large page<h4></nowiki>.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

== New section ==

=== Subsection ===

==== Sub-subsection ====
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[w:Newline|Newline]]:

A single
newline
has no
effect on the
layout.

But an empty line
starts a new paragraph,
or ends a list or indented part.
(<nowiki></nowiki> disables this paragraphing until <nowiki></nowiki> or the end of the section)

(In Cologne Blue, two newlines and a div tag give just one newline; in the order newline, div tag, newline, the result is two newlines.)

A semicolon at the start of a line is not rendered, but has the effect of rendering the newline. A colon in such a line is not rendered, but has the effect of starting a new, indented line, see definition list.

You can make the wikitext more readable by putting in newlines.
You might find this causes future problems—see [[w:Wikipedia:Don't use line breaks]] for details.

* When used in a list, a newline ''does'' affect the layout (See [[Help:List]]).
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

A single
newline
has no
effect on the
layout.

But an empty line
starts a new paragraph.</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

You can break lines 
without starting a new paragraph.
(The HTML tag <nowiki> </nowiki> is sufficient. The system produces the XHTML code <nowiki><br /></nowiki>.)

* Please use this sparingly.
* Close markup between lines; do not start a [[Help:link|link]] or ''italics'' or '''bold''' on one line and close it on the next.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>You can break lines 
without starting a new paragraph.</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

* ''Unordered Lists'' are easy to do:
** start every line with a star,
*** more stars means deeper levels.
* A newline
* in a list
marks the end of the list.
* Of course,
* you can
* start again.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>* Unordered Lists are easy to do:
** start every line with a star,
*** more stars means deeper levels.
* A newline
* in a list
marks the end of the list.
* Of course,
* you can
* start again.

</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

# Numbered lists are also good
## very organized
## easy to follow
# A newline
# in a list
marks the end of the list.
# New numbering starts
# with 1.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki># Numbered lists are also good
## very organized
## easy to follow
# A newline
# in a list
marks the end of the list.
# New numbering starts
# with 1.
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

* You can even do mixed lists
*# and nest them
*#* or break lines in lists
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>* You can even do mixed lists
*# and nest them
*#* or break lines in lists</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Definition list'''
; word : definition of the word
; longer phrase
: phrase defined
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>; word : definition of the word
; longer phrase
: phrase defined</nowiki></pre>

* One item per line; a newline can appear before the colon, but using a space before the colon improves parsing.
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Indenting
: A colon at the start of a line indents a paragraph.
A manual newline starts a new paragraph.
* This is often used for discussion on [[Help:talk page|talk page]]s.
In the case of a semicolon and some text in front of the colon, the first colon starts a new line (indented as before) even though it is in the wikitext not at the start of the line, see definition list.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>: A colon indents a line or paragraph.
A manual newline starts a new paragraph.
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

When there is a need for separating a block of text
<blockquote>
the '''blockquote''' command will indent both margins when needed instead of the left margin only as the colon does.
</blockquote>
This is useful for (as the name says) inserting blocks of quoted (and cited) text.
===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>
<blockquote>
The '''blockquote''' command will indent
both margins when needed instead of the
left margin only as the colon does.
</blockquote>
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

<center>Centered text.</center>
* Please note the US-English spelling of "center".
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki><center>Centered text.</center></nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

A [[w:horizontal dividing line|horizontal dividing line]]:
this is above it...
----
...and this is below it.

If you don't use a section header, you don't get a TOC entry.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>A horizontal dividing line:
this is above it...
----
...and this is below it.
</nowiki></pre>

=== Links, URLs ===
More information at [[Help:Link]]
==== Internal links ====
General notes:
* Enclose the '''target name''' in double square brackets—<nowiki>"[[" and "]]"</nowiki>.
* First letter of target name is automatically capitalized.
* Spaces are represented as underscores (but don't do underscores yourself).
* [[Like this one|Links to nonexistent pages]] are shown in red—[[Help:Starting a new page]] tells about creating the page.
* When the mouse cursor "hovers" over the link, you see a "hover box" containing... hover over links below to see.
----

border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
----
==== What it looks like ====

What it looks like
What you type
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Basic
Sue is reading the [[official position]]
(or [[Official position]]s).
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>Sue is reading the
[[official position]]
(or [[Official position]]s).</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Basic + [[#Text formatting—controlling how it looks|Text formatting]]
You can also ''italicize''/etc. links: e.g., ''[[Wikipedia]]''.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki> ''[[Wikipedia]]'' </nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Interwiki linking
A link to the page on another wiki (e.g. the same subject in another language)
* See [[m:Help:Interwiki linking]].
* [[:fr:Wikipédia:Aide]].
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
* See [[m:Help:Interwiki linking]].
* [[:fr:Wikipédia:Aide]].
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Section of page
* [[List of cities by country#Morocco]]
* [[List of cities by country#Norway]]
If the section doesn't exist, the link goes to the top of the page.
If there are multiple sections by the same name, link to specific ones by adding how many times that header has already appeared (e.g. if there are 3 sections entitled "Example header," and you wish to link to the third one, then use <nowiki>[[#Example section 3]]</nowiki>. For more info, see [[Help:Editing FAQ#Q: Can I link to a specific section header if there are multiple section headers of the same name? If so, how?|Help:Editing FAQ]].
===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>
* [[List of cities by country#Morocco]]
* [[List of cities by country#Norway]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[Help:Piped link|Piped link]]
Use a pipe "'''|'''" to create a '''link label''':
* [[Help:Link|About Links]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
* [[Help:Link|About Links]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

'''"Blank" pipes''' hide:
* Parentheses: [[kingdom (biology)|kingdom]].
* Colon: [[m:Requests for adminship|Requests for adminship]].
After you save, the server automatically fills in the link label.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>* Parentheses: [[kingdom (biology)|]].
* Colon: [[m:Requests for adminship|]].</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Links to nonexistent pages
A red link ([[like this one]]) points to a page
that doesn't exist yet.
* You can create it by clicking on the link.
* Have a look at [[Help:starting a new page|how to start a page]] guide and the naming conventions page for your project.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
A red link ([[like this one]]) points to a page
that doesn't exist yet.
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Link to yourself
Please "sign" comments on talk pages:
: Your user name: [[User:Example|Example]]
: Your user name plus timestamp: [[User:Example|Example]] 08:10 Oct 5, 2002 (UTC)
: Five tildes give a timestamp: 17:55, 12 April 2006 (UTC)
The server will fill in the link after you save.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>Please "sign" comments on talk pages:
: Your user name: ~~~
: Your user name plus timestamp: ~~~~
: Five tildes give a timestamp: ~~~~~
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[Help:Redirect|Redirect]]s
One article title to another with this special link.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>#REDIRECT [[United States]]</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; "Magic" links
* [[w:ISBN|ISBN]] links to books: ISBN 0123456789X (See [[Help:ISBN links]])
* [[w:Request for Comments|RfC]] links to Requests for Comments: RFC 123 (See [[mediawiki:rfcurl]])
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
ISBN 0123456789X
RFC 123</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Media links
To include links to non-image uploads such as sounds, use a "media" link.
 [[media:Example.ogg|Sound]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[[media:Example.ogg|Sound]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Category listing links (these appear at page bottom and list the page in the category)
To list a page in a category and have a link to the Category at page bottom. 

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[[Category:English documentation]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Category non-listing links (these appear inline ''without'' listing the page in the category)
To link to a category without causing the page to be listed in the category, '''add a colon''' 
[[:Category:English documentation]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[[:Category:English documentation]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Dates:
Use links for dates, so everyone can set their own display order. Use [[Special:Preferences]] to change your own date display setting. 
[[July 20]] [[1969]]
[[20 July]] [[1969]]
and [[1969]]-[[07-20]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
[[July 20]] [[1969]]
[[20 July]] [[1969]]
and [[1969]]-[[07-20]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Special pages
"What links here" etc. can be linked as: 
[[Special:Whatlinkshere/Help:Editing]]
===== What you type =====
<pre>
[[Special:Whatlinkshere/Help:Editing]]
</pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Linking to old revisions of pages, diffs, and specific history pages
External link function is used for these as <nowiki>[[page]]</nowiki> will not work. 
Open an old revision copy the url and paste it where you want it. http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&oldid=482030 
Open a diff, copy and paste the url http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&diff=493810&oldid=482030 
A specific page from edit history. To do this click the either the (older) or (earliest) button at least once and maneuver to the page you want to link to
http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Wikitext_examples&dir=prev&offset=20060813153343&limit=100&action=history
===== What you type =====
<pre>
http://meta.wikimedia.org
/w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&oldid=482030
http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?
title=Fotonotes&diff=493810&oldid=482030
http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?
title=Help:Wikitext_examples&dir=prev&offset
=20060813153343&limit=100&action=history
</pre>

==== External links ====
----

border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
----
==== What it looks like ====

[http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia], [http://www.nupedia.com]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
[http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia],
[http://www.nupedia.com]</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

[mailto:email@example.com Email Example],
[mailto:email@example.com]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[mailto:email@example.com Email Example],
[mailto:email@example.com]</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

Or just give the URL: http://www.nupedia.com.
* In the [[m:Help:URL|URL]] all symbols must be among: A-Z a-z 0-9 ._\/~%- &#?!=()@ \x80-\xFF. If a URL contains a different character it should be converted; for example, ^ has to be written ^ (to be looked up in [[w:ASCII|ASCII]]). A blank space can also be converted into an underscore.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>Or just give the URL:
http://www.nupedia.com.</nowiki></pre>

=== Text formatting—controlling how it looks ===
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

What it looks like
===== What you type =====
What you type

----
==== What it looks like ====
|
''Emphasize'' (italics), '''strongly''' (bold), '''''very strongly''''' (bold italics).
(These are double and triple apostrophes, not double quotes.)

Note: this can also be applied to links (e.g., ''[[Wikipedia]]'').

<pre><nowiki>''Emphasize'', '''strongly''',
'''''very strongly'''''.

''[[Wikipedia]]''
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====
|
You can also write italic and bold.
This is useful in mathematical formulas where you need specific font styles rather than emphasis.
: F = ma
(The difference between these two methods is not very important for graphical browsers, so most people ignore it). But it may make a big difference for the visually impaired ;-)

<pre><nowiki>You can also write italic and bold.
This is useful in mathematical formulas where you
need specific font styles rather than emphasis.
: F = ma</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====
|
You can also write

in small caps.
If the wiki has the templates, this can
{{bsm}}be much simpler to write{{esm}}.

<pre><nowiki>You can also write

in small caps.
If the wiki has the templates, this can
{{bsm}}be much simpler to write{{esm}}.</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

A typewriter font, sometimes used for
<tt>technical terms</tt> and <code>computer code</code>.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>A typewriter font, sometimes used for
<tt>technical terms</tt> and <code>computer code</code>.</nowiki></pre>
* For semantic reasons, using <code><code></code> where applicable is preferable to using <code><tt></code>.



----
==== What it looks like ====

You can use small text for captions.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>You can use small text
for captions.</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====
|You can <strike>strike out deleted material</strike>
and underline new material.

You can also mark <del>deleted material</del> and
<ins>inserted material</ins> using logical markup
rather than visual markup.
* When editing regular articles, just make your changes and do not mark them up in any special way.
* When editing your own previous remarks in talk pages, it is sometimes appropriate to mark up deleted or inserted material.

<pre><nowiki>You can <strike>strike out deleted material</strike>
and underline new material.

You can also mark <del>deleted material</del> and
<ins>inserted material</ins> using logical markup
rather than visual markup.
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====
|Subscript: x2 
Superscript: x2 or x²

Most browsers have an easier time formatting lines with &sup2; than with 2

ε0 =
8.85 × 10−12
C² / J m.
 
1 [[hectare]] = [[1 E4 m²]]

<pre><nowiki>Subscript: x2
Superscript: x2 or x&sup2;
</nowiki></pre>
<pre><nowiki>
&epsilon;0 =
8.85 &times; 10&minus;12
C&sup2; / J m.

1 [[hectare]] = [[1 E4 m&sup2]]
</nowiki></pre>

=== Disabling wikitext interpretation and/or reformatting ===
<nowiki> and <pre> tags can tell the server and the browser to display things as you typed them.
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''regular'''

* interpret special characters
* interpret special wiki markup
* reformat text (remove single newlines and multiple spaces, perform automatic wrapping)
* a double newline gives a new paragraph

arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]

===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''<nowiki>'''
* interpret special characters
* don't interpret special wiki markup
* reformat text
* ignore even a double newline (no new paragraph); hence has to be applied separately for each paragraph
''can be applied in-line:'' <nowiki>
arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]
</nowiki> ''[[normal]] again''

===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>
''can be applied in-line:'' <nowiki>
arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]
</nowiki></nowiki>''[[normal]] again''</pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''<pre>'''
* interpret special characters
* don't interpret special wiki markup
* don't reformat text (no wrapping)
* allows CSS for HTML element pre; the default skin gives a box
* uses a fixed-width font, as specified in the browser settings

<pre>arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]
</pre>

===== What you type =====

<pre><pre>arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]</pre></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''leading space'''
* interpret special characters
* interpret special wiki markup
* don't reformat text (no wrapping)
* produces HTML element pre, therefore the font and CSS are the same as when using pre; the default skin gives a box
* a blank line ends the element pre; if there are more lines with leading space after that, a new pre element starts (in the default skin: a new box)

arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]
</pre>

IF a line of plain text starts with a space
it will be formatted exactly
as typed
in a font
in a grey dotted-outline box
lines won't wrap
ENDIF
this is useful for:
* pasting preformatted text;
* algorithm descriptions;
* program source code
* ASCII art;
* chemical structures;

WARNING: If you make it wide,
you [[w:page widening|force the whole page to be wide]] and
hence less readable. Never start ordinary lines with spaces. 
<center>(see also below)</center>|
<pre> <nowiki>arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]</nowiki></pre>

<pre><nowiki> IF a line of plain text starts with a space
it will be formatted exactly
as typed
in a fixed-width font
in a grey dotted-outline box
lines won't wrap
ENDIF
this is useful for:
* pasting preformatted text
* algorithm descriptions
* program source code
* ASCII art
* chemical structures
* poetry
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''typewriter font'''

(does not work beyond the end of a paragraph):

<tt>arrow →</tt>

<tt>''italics''</tt>
<tt>[[link]]

New paragraph.</tt>

===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki><tt>arrow &rarr;</tt>

<tt>''italics''</tt>
<tt>[[link]]</nowiki>

New paragraph.</tt></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Show special character codes:

&rarr;

===== What you type =====

<pre>&amp;rarr;</pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

;[[Help:Comment tags|Comments]]
The text between '''here'''

'''and here''' won't be displayed

===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>The text between '''here'''

'''and here''' won't be displayed</nowiki></pre>

=== Special characters ===
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Umlauts and accents:''' (See [[Help:Special characters]]) 
À Á Â Ã Ä Å
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë
Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò
Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù
Ú Û Ü ß à á
â ã ä å æ ç
è é ê ë ì í
î ï ñ ò ó ô
œ õ ö ø ù ú
û ü ÿ 
 
À Á Â Ã Ä Å 
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë 
Ì Í
Î Ï Ñ Ò 
Ó Ô Õ
Ö Ø Ù 
Ú Û Ü ß
à á 
â ã ä å æ
ç 
è é ê ë ì í 
î ï ñ ò ó ô 
&oelig; õ
ö ø ù ú 
û ü ÿ

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

À Á Â Ã Ä Å
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë
Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò
Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù
Ú Û Ü ß à á
â ã ä å æ ç
è é ê ë ì í
î ï ñ ò ó ô
œ õ ö ø ù ú
û ü ÿ

&Agrave; &Aacute; &Acirc; &Atilde; &Auml; &Aring;
&AElig; &Ccedil; &Egrave; &Eacute; &Ecirc; &Euml;
&Igrave; &Iacute; &Icirc; &Iuml; &Ntilde; &Ograve;
&Oacute; &Ocirc; &Otilde; &Ouml; &Oslash; &Ugrave;
&Uacute; &Ucirc; &Uuml; &szlig; &agrave; &aacute;
&acirc; &atilde; &auml; &aring; &aelig; &ccedil;
&egrave; &eacute; &ecirc; &euml; &igrave; &iacute;
&icirc; &iuml; &ntilde; &ograve; &oacute; &ocirc;
&oelig; &otilde; &ouml; &oslash; &ugrave; &uacute;
&ucirc; &uuml; &yuml;</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Punctuation:''' 
¿ ¡ « » § ¶
† ‡ • - – —

¿ ¡ « » § ¶ 
&dagger; &Dagger; • - – —

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
¿ ¡ « » § ¶
† ‡ • - – —

&iquest; &iexcl; &laquo; &raquo; &sect; &para;
&dagger; &Dagger; &bull; - &ndash; &mdash;</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Commercial symbols:''' 
™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤

™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤

&trade; &copy; &reg; &cent; &euro; &yen; &pound; &curren;
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====
|'''Greek characters:''' 
α β γ δ ε ζ
η θ ι κ λ μ ν
ξ ο π ρ σ ς
τ υ φ χ ψ ω
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π
Σ Φ Ψ Ω

α β γ δ ε ζ 
η θ ι κ λ μ ν 
ξ ο π ρ σ &sigmaf; 
τ υ φ χ ψ ω 
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π 
Σ Φ Ψ Ω

<pre><nowiki>
α β γ δ ε ζ
η θ ι κ λ μ ν
ξ ο π ρ σ ς
τ υ φ χ ψ ω
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π
Σ Φ Ψ Ω

&alpha; &beta; &gamma; &delta; &epsilon; &zeta;
&eta; &theta; &iota; &kappa; &lambda; &mu; &nu;
&xi; &omicron; &pi; &rho; &sigma; &sigmaf;
&tau; &upsilon; &phi; &chi; &psi; &omega;
&Gamma; &Delta; &Theta; &Lambda; &Xi; &Pi;
&Sigma; &Phi; &Psi; &Omega;
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Math characters:''' 
∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞
≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″
∇ ‰ ° ∴ ø
∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔
→ ↔ ↑

∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞ 
≈ &prop; &equiv; ≠ ≤ ≥ 
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″ 
∇ &permil; ° &there4; ø 
∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ &sube; &supe; 
¬ &and; &or; ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔ 
→ ↔ ↑ 

Problem symbols:

ℵ ∉

&alefsym; ∉

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞
≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″
∇ ‰ ° ∴ ø
∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔
→ ↔ ↑

&int; &sum; &prod; &radic; &minus; &plusmn; &infin;
&asymp; &prop; &equiv; &ne; &le; &ge;
&times; &middot; &divide; &part; &prime; &Prime;
&nabla; &permil; &deg; &there4; &oslash;
&isin; &cap; &cup; &sub; &sup; &sube; &supe;
&not; &and; &or; &exist; &forall; &rArr; &hArr;
&rarr; &harr; &uarr;

Problem symbols:

ℵ ∉

&alefsym; &notin;
</nowiki></pre>

Writing a symbol over another one:

<nowiki>ox</nowiki> gives ox.

=== Including another page—transclusion and templates ===
Changing a transcluded file will change every file that transcludes it.
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Transclusion
: Including the contents of another page into the current page.
<div style="border: 1pt dashed blue; background: grey; padding: 1em 1em;">
{{:Help:Transclusion Demo}}</div>
===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>{{</nowiki>:Help:Transclusion Demo<nowiki>}}</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[Help:Template|Template]]
A special kind of page designed for transclusion.
These pages are found in the '''Template:''' [[Help:namespace|namespace]]
Templates can even take parameters.
When you edit a page, all the templates used on the page are listed below the edit box.
<div style="border: 1pt dashed blue; background: grey; padding: 1em 1em;">
{{H:title|hovertext|This is underlined}}</div>
===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>{{H:title|hovertext|This is underlined}}</nowiki></pre>

== Records of edits in the database ==
Edits are recorded both in the [[mw:revision table|revision table]] and in the [[mw:recentchanges table|recentchanges table]] of the database.

The revision table is used for page histories and user contribution lists. The recentchanges table is used for recent and related changes, watchlists, and (in the case of page creation) for the list of new pages.

This distinction is relevant in the case that old edits are removed from one of the two tables. For example, if three months of recent changes are kept in the recentchanges table, while nothing is deleted from the revision table, then older edits can be seen in page histories and user contribution lists, but not in recent and related changes, watchlists, and (in the case of page creation) in the list of new pages.

[[Help:Import|Import]] of page revisions adds to the revision table but not to the recentchanges table, so they add to page histories and user contribution lists, but not to recent and related changes, watchlists, and (in the case of page creation) the list of new pages.

{{h:f|enname=Advanced editing}}

[[fa:راهنما:ویرایش پیشرفته]]

User:He!ko/Editing

2008-07-10T09:46:12Z

He!ko:

#! -*- mode: wikipedia -*-

{{H:h|Editor toc}}

For the basics see [[Help:Editing]].
== [[w:Wikitext|Wikitext]] markup—making your page look the way you want==
* If you want to try out things without danger of doing any harm, you can do so in the [[{{ns:4}}:Sandbox]].
* More information on [[Help:Html in wikitext|HTML tags in wikitext]].

=== Organizing your writing — sections, paragraphs, lists and lines ===
----

border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
----
==== What it looks like ====

What it looks like
What you type
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Sections and subsections
Start sections with header lines

Note: Single equal signs give the highest level heading, like the page title; usually projects have the convention not to use them.






New section

Subsection

Sub-subsection

* Start with a second-level heading (<tt><nowiki>==</nowiki></tt>); don't use first-level headings (=).
* Don't skip levels (for example, second-level followed by fourth-level).
* A [[#Table of contents|table of contents]] will automatically be added to an article that has four or more sections.
* If appropriate, place subsections in order. If listing countries, for example, place them in alphabetical order rather than, say, relative to population of [[w:OECD|OECD]] countries, or some random order.
* If you want to keep headings out of the TOC you have to use HTML heading tags and close them without using a slash e.g. <nowiki><h4>heading too low level to be in the TOC of large page<h4></nowiki>.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

== New section ==

=== Subsection ===

==== Sub-subsection ====
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[w:Newline|Newline]]:

A single
newline
has no
effect on the
layout.

But an empty line
starts a new paragraph,
or ends a list or indented part.
(<nowiki></nowiki> disables this paragraphing until <nowiki></nowiki> or the end of the section)

(In Cologne Blue, two newlines and a div tag give just one newline; in the order newline, div tag, newline, the result is two newlines.)

A semicolon at the start of a line is not rendered, but has the effect of rendering the newline. A colon in such a line is not rendered, but has the effect of starting a new, indented line, see definition list.

You can make the wikitext more readable by putting in newlines.
You might find this causes future problems—see [[w:Wikipedia:Don't use line breaks]] for details.

* When used in a list, a newline ''does'' affect the layout (See [[Help:List]]).
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

A single
newline
has no
effect on the
layout.

But an empty line
starts a new paragraph.</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

You can break lines 
without starting a new paragraph.
(The HTML tag <nowiki> </nowiki> is sufficient. The system produces the XHTML code <nowiki><br /></nowiki>.)

* Please use this sparingly.
* Close markup between lines; do not start a [[Help:link|link]] or ''italics'' or '''bold''' on one line and close it on the next.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>You can break lines 
without starting a new paragraph.</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

* ''Unordered Lists'' are easy to do:
** start every line with a star,
*** more stars means deeper levels.
* A newline
* in a list
marks the end of the list.
* Of course,
* you can
* start again.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>* Unordered Lists are easy to do:
** start every line with a star,
*** more stars means deeper levels.
* A newline
* in a list
marks the end of the list.
* Of course,
* you can
* start again.

</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

# Numbered lists are also good
## very organized
## easy to follow
# A newline
# in a list
marks the end of the list.
# New numbering starts
# with 1.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki># Numbered lists are also good
## very organized
## easy to follow
# A newline
# in a list
marks the end of the list.
# New numbering starts
# with 1.
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

* You can even do mixed lists
*# and nest them
*#* or break lines in lists
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>* You can even do mixed lists
*# and nest them
*#* or break lines in lists</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Definition list'''
; word : definition of the word
; longer phrase
: phrase defined
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>; word : definition of the word
; longer phrase
: phrase defined</nowiki></pre>

* One item per line; a newline can appear before the colon, but using a space before the colon improves parsing.
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Indenting
: A colon at the start of a line indents a paragraph.
A manual newline starts a new paragraph.
* This is often used for discussion on [[Help:talk page|talk page]]s.
In the case of a semicolon and some text in front of the colon, the first colon starts a new line (indented as before) even though it is in the wikitext not at the start of the line, see definition list.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>: A colon indents a line or paragraph.
A manual newline starts a new paragraph.
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

When there is a need for separating a block of text
<blockquote>
the '''blockquote''' command will indent both margins when needed instead of the left margin only as the colon does.
</blockquote>
This is useful for (as the name says) inserting blocks of quoted (and cited) text.
===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>
<blockquote>
The '''blockquote''' command will indent
both margins when needed instead of the
left margin only as the colon does.
</blockquote>
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

<center>Centered text.</center>
* Please note the US-English spelling of "center".
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki><center>Centered text.</center></nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

A [[w:horizontal dividing line|horizontal dividing line]]:
this is above it...
----
...and this is below it.

If you don't use a section header, you don't get a TOC entry.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>A horizontal dividing line:
this is above it...
----
...and this is below it.
</nowiki></pre>

=== Links, URLs ===
More information at [[Help:Link]]
==== Internal links ====
General notes:
* Enclose the '''target name''' in double square brackets—<nowiki>"[[" and "]]"</nowiki>.
* First letter of target name is automatically capitalized.
* Spaces are represented as underscores (but don't do underscores yourself).
* [[Like this one|Links to nonexistent pages]] are shown in red—[[Help:Starting a new page]] tells about creating the page.
* When the mouse cursor "hovers" over the link, you see a "hover box" containing... hover over links below to see.
----

border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
----
==== What it looks like ====

What it looks like
What you type
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Basic
Sue is reading the [[official position]]
(or [[Official position]]s).
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>Sue is reading the
[[official position]]
(or [[Official position]]s).</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Basic + [[#Text formatting—controlling how it looks|Text formatting]]
You can also ''italicize''/etc. links: e.g., ''[[Wikipedia]]''.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki> ''[[Wikipedia]]'' </nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Interwiki linking
A link to the page on another wiki (e.g. the same subject in another language)
* See [[m:Help:Interwiki linking]].
* [[:fr:Wikipédia:Aide]].
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
* See [[m:Help:Interwiki linking]].
* [[:fr:Wikipédia:Aide]].
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Section of page
* [[List of cities by country#Morocco]]
* [[List of cities by country#Norway]]
If the section doesn't exist, the link goes to the top of the page.
If there are multiple sections by the same name, link to specific ones by adding how many times that header has already appeared (e.g. if there are 3 sections entitled "Example header," and you wish to link to the third one, then use <nowiki>[[#Example section 3]]</nowiki>. For more info, see [[Help:Editing FAQ#Q: Can I link to a specific section header if there are multiple section headers of the same name? If so, how?|Help:Editing FAQ]].
===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>
* [[List of cities by country#Morocco]]
* [[List of cities by country#Norway]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[Help:Piped link|Piped link]]
Use a pipe "'''|'''" to create a '''link label''':
* [[Help:Link|About Links]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
* [[Help:Link|About Links]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

'''"Blank" pipes''' hide:
* Parentheses: [[kingdom (biology)|kingdom]].
* Colon: [[m:Requests for adminship|Requests for adminship]].
After you save, the server automatically fills in the link label.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>* Parentheses: [[kingdom (biology)|]].
* Colon: [[m:Requests for adminship|]].</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Links to nonexistent pages
A red link ([[like this one]]) points to a page
that doesn't exist yet.
* You can create it by clicking on the link.
* Have a look at [[Help:starting a new page|how to start a page]] guide and the naming conventions page for your project.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
A red link ([[like this one]]) points to a page
that doesn't exist yet.
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Link to yourself
Please "sign" comments on talk pages:
: Your user name: [[User:Example|Example]]
: Your user name plus timestamp: [[User:Example|Example]] 08:10 Oct 5, 2002 (UTC)
: Five tildes give a timestamp: 17:55, 12 April 2006 (UTC)
The server will fill in the link after you save.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>Please "sign" comments on talk pages:
: Your user name: ~~~
: Your user name plus timestamp: ~~~~
: Five tildes give a timestamp: ~~~~~
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[Help:Redirect|Redirect]]s
One article title to another with this special link.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>#REDIRECT [[United States]]</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; "Magic" links
* [[w:ISBN|ISBN]] links to books: ISBN 0123456789X (See [[Help:ISBN links]])
* [[w:Request for Comments|RfC]] links to Requests for Comments: RFC 123 (See [[mediawiki:rfcurl]])
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
ISBN 0123456789X
RFC 123</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Media links
To include links to non-image uploads such as sounds, use a "media" link.
 [[media:Example.ogg|Sound]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[[media:Example.ogg|Sound]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Category listing links (these appear at page bottom and list the page in the category)
To list a page in a category and have a link to the Category at page bottom. 

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[[Category:English documentation]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Category non-listing links (these appear inline ''without'' listing the page in the category)
To link to a category without causing the page to be listed in the category, '''add a colon''' 
[[:Category:English documentation]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[[:Category:English documentation]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Dates:
Use links for dates, so everyone can set their own display order. Use [[Special:Preferences]] to change your own date display setting. 
[[July 20]] [[1969]]
[[20 July]] [[1969]]
and [[1969]]-[[07-20]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
[[July 20]] [[1969]]
[[20 July]] [[1969]]
and [[1969]]-[[07-20]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Special pages
"What links here" etc. can be linked as: 
[[Special:Whatlinkshere/Help:Editing]]
===== What you type =====
<pre>
[[Special:Whatlinkshere/Help:Editing]]
</pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Linking to old revisions of pages, diffs, and specific history pages
External link function is used for these as <nowiki>[[page]]</nowiki> will not work. 
Open an old revision copy the url and paste it where you want it. http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&oldid=482030 
Open a diff, copy and paste the url http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&diff=493810&oldid=482030 
A specific page from edit history. To do this click the either the (older) or (earliest) button at least once and maneuver to the page you want to link to
http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Wikitext_examples&dir=prev&offset=20060813153343&limit=100&action=history
===== What you type =====
<pre>
http://meta.wikimedia.org
/w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&oldid=482030
http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?
title=Fotonotes&diff=493810&oldid=482030
http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?
title=Help:Wikitext_examples&dir=prev&offset
=20060813153343&limit=100&action=history
</pre>

==== External links ====
----

border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
----
==== What it looks like ====

[http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia], [http://www.nupedia.com]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
[http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia],
[http://www.nupedia.com]</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

[mailto:email@example.com Email Example],
[mailto:email@example.com]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[mailto:email@example.com Email Example],
[mailto:email@example.com]</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

Or just give the URL: http://www.nupedia.com.
* In the [[m:Help:URL|URL]] all symbols must be among: A-Z a-z 0-9 ._\/~%- &#?!=()@ \x80-\xFF. If a URL contains a different character it should be converted; for example, ^ has to be written ^ (to be looked up in [[w:ASCII|ASCII]]). A blank space can also be converted into an underscore.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>Or just give the URL:
http://www.nupedia.com.</nowiki></pre>

=== Text formatting—controlling how it looks ===
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

What it looks like
===== What you type =====
What you type

----
==== What it looks like ====
|
''Emphasize'' (italics), '''strongly''' (bold), '''''very strongly''''' (bold italics).
(These are double and triple apostrophes, not double quotes.)

Note: this can also be applied to links (e.g., ''[[Wikipedia]]'').

<pre><nowiki>''Emphasize'', '''strongly''',
'''''very strongly'''''.

''[[Wikipedia]]''
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====
|
You can also write italic and bold.
This is useful in mathematical formulas where you need specific font styles rather than emphasis.
: F = ma
(The difference between these two methods is not very important for graphical browsers, so most people ignore it). But it may make a big difference for the visually impaired ;-)

<pre><nowiki>You can also write italic and bold.
This is useful in mathematical formulas where you
need specific font styles rather than emphasis.
: F = ma</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====
|
You can also write

in small caps.
If the wiki has the templates, this can
{{bsm}}be much simpler to write{{esm}}.

<pre><nowiki>You can also write

in small caps.
If the wiki has the templates, this can
{{bsm}}be much simpler to write{{esm}}.</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

A typewriter font, sometimes used for
<tt>technical terms</tt> and <code>computer code</code>.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>A typewriter font, sometimes used for
<tt>technical terms</tt> and <code>computer code</code>.</nowiki></pre>
* For semantic reasons, using <code><code></code> where applicable is preferable to using <code><tt></code>.



----
==== What it looks like ====

You can use small text for captions.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>You can use small text
for captions.</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====
|You can <strike>strike out deleted material</strike>
and underline new material.

You can also mark <del>deleted material</del> and
<ins>inserted material</ins> using logical markup
rather than visual markup.
* When editing regular articles, just make your changes and do not mark them up in any special way.
* When editing your own previous remarks in talk pages, it is sometimes appropriate to mark up deleted or inserted material.

<pre><nowiki>You can <strike>strike out deleted material</strike>
and underline new material.

You can also mark <del>deleted material</del> and
<ins>inserted material</ins> using logical markup
rather than visual markup.
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====
|Subscript: x2 
Superscript: x2 or x²

Most browsers have an easier time formatting lines with &sup2; than with 2

ε0 =
8.85 × 10−12
C² / J m.
 
1 [[hectare]] = [[1 E4 m²]]

<pre><nowiki>Subscript: x2
Superscript: x2 or x&sup2;
</nowiki></pre>
<pre><nowiki>
&epsilon;0 =
8.85 &times; 10&minus;12
C&sup2; / J m.

1 [[hectare]] = [[1 E4 m&sup2]]
</nowiki></pre>

=== Disabling wikitext interpretation and/or reformatting ===
<nowiki> and <pre> tags can tell the server and the browser to display things as you typed them.
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''regular'''

* interpret special characters
* interpret special wiki markup
* reformat text (remove single newlines and multiple spaces, perform automatic wrapping)
* a double newline gives a new paragraph

arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]

===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''<nowiki>'''
* interpret special characters
* don't interpret special wiki markup
* reformat text
* ignore even a double newline (no new paragraph); hence has to be applied separately for each paragraph
''can be applied in-line:'' <nowiki>
arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]
</nowiki> ''[[normal]] again''

===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>
''can be applied in-line:'' <nowiki>
arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]
</nowiki></nowiki>''[[normal]] again''</pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''<pre>'''
* interpret special characters
* don't interpret special wiki markup
* don't reformat text (no wrapping)
* allows CSS for HTML element pre; the default skin gives a box
* uses a fixed-width font, as specified in the browser settings

<pre>arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]
</pre>

===== What you type =====

<pre><pre>arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]</pre></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''leading space'''
* interpret special characters
* interpret special wiki markup
* don't reformat text (no wrapping)
* produces HTML element pre, therefore the font and CSS are the same as when using pre; the default skin gives a box
* a blank line ends the element pre; if there are more lines with leading space after that, a new pre element starts (in the default skin: a new box)

arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]
</pre>

IF a line of plain text starts with a space
it will be formatted exactly
as typed
in a font
in a grey dotted-outline box
lines won't wrap
ENDIF
this is useful for:
* pasting preformatted text;
* algorithm descriptions;
* program source code
* ASCII art;
* chemical structures;

WARNING: If you make it wide,
you [[w:page widening|force the whole page to be wide]] and
hence less readable. Never start ordinary lines with spaces. 
<center>(see also below)</center>|
<pre> <nowiki>arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]</nowiki></pre>

<pre><nowiki> IF a line of plain text starts with a space
it will be formatted exactly
as typed
in a fixed-width font
in a grey dotted-outline box
lines won't wrap
ENDIF
this is useful for:
* pasting preformatted text
* algorithm descriptions
* program source code
* ASCII art
* chemical structures
* poetry
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''typewriter font'''

(does not work beyond the end of a paragraph):

<tt>arrow →</tt>

<tt>''italics''</tt>
<tt>[[link]]

New paragraph.</tt>

===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki><tt>arrow &rarr;</tt>

<tt>''italics''</tt>
<tt>[[link]]</nowiki>

New paragraph.</tt></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Show special character codes:

&rarr;

===== What you type =====

<pre>&amp;rarr;</pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

;[[Help:Comment tags|Comments]]
The text between '''here'''

'''and here''' won't be displayed

===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>The text between '''here'''

'''and here''' won't be displayed</nowiki></pre>

=== Special characters ===
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Umlauts and accents:''' (See [[Help:Special characters]]) 
À Á Â Ã Ä Å
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë
Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò
Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù
Ú Û Ü ß à á
â ã ä å æ ç
è é ê ë ì í
î ï ñ ò ó ô
œ õ ö ø ù ú
û ü ÿ 
 
À Á Â Ã Ä Å 
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë 
Ì Í
Î Ï Ñ Ò 
Ó Ô Õ
Ö Ø Ù 
Ú Û Ü ß
à á 
â ã ä å æ
ç 
è é ê ë ì í 
î ï ñ ò ó ô 
&oelig; õ
ö ø ù ú 
û ü ÿ

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

À Á Â Ã Ä Å
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë
Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò
Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù
Ú Û Ü ß à á
â ã ä å æ ç
è é ê ë ì í
î ï ñ ò ó ô
œ õ ö ø ù ú
û ü ÿ

&Agrave; &Aacute; &Acirc; &Atilde; &Auml; &Aring;
&AElig; &Ccedil; &Egrave; &Eacute; &Ecirc; &Euml;
&Igrave; &Iacute; &Icirc; &Iuml; &Ntilde; &Ograve;
&Oacute; &Ocirc; &Otilde; &Ouml; &Oslash; &Ugrave;
&Uacute; &Ucirc; &Uuml; &szlig; &agrave; &aacute;
&acirc; &atilde; &auml; &aring; &aelig; &ccedil;
&egrave; &eacute; &ecirc; &euml; &igrave; &iacute;
&icirc; &iuml; &ntilde; &ograve; &oacute; &ocirc;
&oelig; &otilde; &ouml; &oslash; &ugrave; &uacute;
&ucirc; &uuml; &yuml;</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Punctuation:''' 
¿ ¡ « » § ¶
† ‡ • - – —

¿ ¡ « » § ¶ 
&dagger; &Dagger; • - – —

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
¿ ¡ « » § ¶
† ‡ • - – —

&iquest; &iexcl; &laquo; &raquo; &sect; &para;
&dagger; &Dagger; &bull; - &ndash; &mdash;</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Commercial symbols:''' 
™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤

™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤

&trade; &copy; &reg; &cent; &euro; &yen; &pound; &curren;
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====
|'''Greek characters:''' 
α β γ δ ε ζ
η θ ι κ λ μ ν
ξ ο π ρ σ ς
τ υ φ χ ψ ω
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π
Σ Φ Ψ Ω

α β γ δ ε ζ 
η θ ι κ λ μ ν 
ξ ο π ρ σ &sigmaf; 
τ υ φ χ ψ ω 
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π 
Σ Φ Ψ Ω

<pre><nowiki>
α β γ δ ε ζ
η θ ι κ λ μ ν
ξ ο π ρ σ ς
τ υ φ χ ψ ω
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π
Σ Φ Ψ Ω

&alpha; &beta; &gamma; &delta; &epsilon; &zeta;
&eta; &theta; &iota; &kappa; &lambda; &mu; &nu;
&xi; &omicron; &pi; &rho; &sigma; &sigmaf;
&tau; &upsilon; &phi; &chi; &psi; &omega;
&Gamma; &Delta; &Theta; &Lambda; &Xi; &Pi;
&Sigma; &Phi; &Psi; &Omega;
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Math characters:''' 
∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞
≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″
∇ ‰ ° ∴ ø
∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔
→ ↔ ↑

∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞ 
≈ &prop; &equiv; ≠ ≤ ≥ 
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″ 
∇ &permil; ° &there4; ø 
∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ &sube; &supe; 
¬ &and; &or; ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔ 
→ ↔ ↑ 

Problem symbols:

ℵ ∉

&alefsym; ∉

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞
≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″
∇ ‰ ° ∴ ø
∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔
→ ↔ ↑

&int; &sum; &prod; &radic; &minus; &plusmn; &infin;
&asymp; &prop; &equiv; &ne; &le; &ge;
&times; &middot; &divide; &part; &prime; &Prime;
&nabla; &permil; &deg; &there4; &oslash;
&isin; &cap; &cup; &sub; &sup; &sube; &supe;
&not; &and; &or; &exist; &forall; &rArr; &hArr;
&rarr; &harr; &uarr;

Problem symbols:

ℵ ∉

&alefsym; &notin;
</nowiki></pre>

Writing a symbol over another one:

<nowiki>ox</nowiki> gives ox.

=== Including another page—transclusion and templates ===
Changing a transcluded file will change every file that transcludes it.
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Transclusion
: Including the contents of another page into the current page.
<div style="border: 1pt dashed blue; background: grey; padding: 1em 1em;">
{{:Help:Transclusion Demo}}</div>
===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>{{</nowiki>:Help:Transclusion Demo<nowiki>}}</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[Help:Template|Template]]
A special kind of page designed for transclusion.
These pages are found in the '''Template:''' [[Help:namespace|namespace]]
Templates can even take parameters.
When you edit a page, all the templates used on the page are listed below the edit box.
<div style="border: 1pt dashed blue; background: grey; padding: 1em 1em;">
{{H:title|hovertext|This is underlined}}</div>
===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>{{H:title|hovertext|This is underlined}}</nowiki></pre>

== Records of edits in the database ==
Edits are recorded both in the [[mw:revision table|revision table]] and in the [[mw:recentchanges table|recentchanges table]] of the database.

The revision table is used for page histories and user contribution lists. The recentchanges table is used for recent and related changes, watchlists, and (in the case of page creation) for the list of new pages.

This distinction is relevant in the case that old edits are removed from one of the two tables. For example, if three months of recent changes are kept in the recentchanges table, while nothing is deleted from the revision table, then older edits can be seen in page histories and user contribution lists, but not in recent and related changes, watchlists, and (in the case of page creation) in the list of new pages.

[[Help:Import|Import]] of page revisions adds to the revision table but not to the recentchanges table, so they add to page histories and user contribution lists, but not to recent and related changes, watchlists, and (in the case of page creation) the list of new pages.

{{h:f|enname=Advanced editing}}

[[fa:راهنما:ویرایش پیشرفته]]

User:He!ko/Editing

2008-07-10T09:45:24Z

He!ko: /* Text formatting—controlling how it looks */

==== What it looks like ====

; Sections and subsections
Start sections with header lines

Note: Single equal signs give the highest level heading, like the page title; usually projects have the convention not to use them.

New section

Subsection

Sub-subsection

* Start with a second-level heading (<tt><nowiki>==</nowiki></tt>); don't use first-level headings (=).
* Don't skip levels (for example, second-level followed by fourth-level).
* A [[#Table of contents|table of contents]] will automatically be added to an article that has four or more sections.
* If appropriate, place subsections in order. If listing countries, for example, place them in alphabetical order rather than, say, relative to population of [[w:OECD|OECD]] countries, or some random order.
* If you want to keep headings out of the TOC you have to use HTML heading tags and close them without using a slash e.g. <nowiki><h4>heading too low level to be in the TOC of large page<h4></nowiki>.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

== New section ==

=== Subsection ===

==== Sub-subsection ====
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[w:Newline|Newline]]:

A single
newline
has no
effect on the
layout.

But an empty line
starts a new paragraph,
or ends a list or indented part.
(<nowiki></nowiki> disables this paragraphing until <nowiki></nowiki> or the end of the section)

(In Cologne Blue, two newlines and a div tag give just one newline; in the order newline, div tag, newline, the result is two newlines.)

A semicolon at the start of a line is not rendered, but has the effect of rendering the newline. A colon in such a line is not rendered, but has the effect of starting a new, indented line, see definition list.

You can make the wikitext more readable by putting in newlines.
You might find this causes future problems—see [[w:Wikipedia:Don't use line breaks]] for details.

* When used in a list, a newline ''does'' affect the layout (See [[Help:List]]).
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

A single
newline
has no
effect on the
layout.

But an empty line
starts a new paragraph.</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

You can break lines 
without starting a new paragraph.
(The HTML tag <nowiki> </nowiki> is sufficient. The system produces the XHTML code <nowiki><br /></nowiki>.)

* Please use this sparingly.
* Close markup between lines; do not start a [[Help:link|link]] or ''italics'' or '''bold''' on one line and close it on the next.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>You can break lines 
without starting a new paragraph.</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

* ''Unordered Lists'' are easy to do:
** start every line with a star,
*** more stars means deeper levels.
* A newline
* in a list
marks the end of the list.
* Of course,
* you can
* start again.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>* Unordered Lists are easy to do:
** start every line with a star,
*** more stars means deeper levels.
* A newline
* in a list
marks the end of the list.
* Of course,
* you can
* start again.

</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

# Numbered lists are also good
## very organized
## easy to follow
# A newline
# in a list
marks the end of the list.
# New numbering starts
# with 1.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki># Numbered lists are also good
## very organized
## easy to follow
# A newline
# in a list
marks the end of the list.
# New numbering starts
# with 1.
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

* You can even do mixed lists
*# and nest them
*#* or break lines in lists
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>* You can even do mixed lists
*# and nest them
*#* or break lines in lists</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Definition list'''
; word : definition of the word
; longer phrase
: phrase defined
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>; word : definition of the word
; longer phrase
: phrase defined</nowiki></pre>

* One item per line; a newline can appear before the colon, but using a space before the colon improves parsing.
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Indenting
: A colon at the start of a line indents a paragraph.
A manual newline starts a new paragraph.
* This is often used for discussion on [[Help:talk page|talk page]]s.
In the case of a semicolon and some text in front of the colon, the first colon starts a new line (indented as before) even though it is in the wikitext not at the start of the line, see definition list.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>: A colon indents a line or paragraph.
A manual newline starts a new paragraph.
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

When there is a need for separating a block of text
<blockquote>
the '''blockquote''' command will indent both margins when needed instead of the left margin only as the colon does.
</blockquote>
This is useful for (as the name says) inserting blocks of quoted (and cited) text.
===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>
<blockquote>
The '''blockquote''' command will indent
both margins when needed instead of the
left margin only as the colon does.
</blockquote>
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

<center>Centered text.</center>
* Please note the US-English spelling of "center".
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki><center>Centered text.</center></nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

A [[w:horizontal dividing line|horizontal dividing line]]:
this is above it...
----
...and this is below it.

If you don't use a section header, you don't get a TOC entry.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>A horizontal dividing line:
this is above it...
----
...and this is below it.
</nowiki></pre>

=== Links, URLs ===
More information at [[Help:Link]]
==== Internal links ====
General notes:
* Enclose the '''target name''' in double square brackets—<nowiki>"[[" and "]]"</nowiki>.
* First letter of target name is automatically capitalized.
* Spaces are represented as underscores (but don't do underscores yourself).
* [[Like this one|Links to nonexistent pages]] are shown in red—[[Help:Starting a new page]] tells about creating the page.
* When the mouse cursor "hovers" over the link, you see a "hover box" containing... hover over links below to see.
----

border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
----
==== What it looks like ====

What it looks like
What you type
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Basic
Sue is reading the [[official position]]
(or [[Official position]]s).
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>Sue is reading the
[[official position]]
(or [[Official position]]s).</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Basic + [[#Text formatting—controlling how it looks|Text formatting]]
You can also ''italicize''/etc. links: e.g., ''[[Wikipedia]]''.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki> ''[[Wikipedia]]'' </nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Interwiki linking
A link to the page on another wiki (e.g. the same subject in another language)
* See [[m:Help:Interwiki linking]].
* [[:fr:Wikipédia:Aide]].
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
* See [[m:Help:Interwiki linking]].
* [[:fr:Wikipédia:Aide]].
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Section of page
* [[List of cities by country#Morocco]]
* [[List of cities by country#Norway]]
If the section doesn't exist, the link goes to the top of the page.
If there are multiple sections by the same name, link to specific ones by adding how many times that header has already appeared (e.g. if there are 3 sections entitled "Example header," and you wish to link to the third one, then use <nowiki>[[#Example section 3]]</nowiki>. For more info, see [[Help:Editing FAQ#Q: Can I link to a specific section header if there are multiple section headers of the same name? If so, how?|Help:Editing FAQ]].
===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>
* [[List of cities by country#Morocco]]
* [[List of cities by country#Norway]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[Help:Piped link|Piped link]]
Use a pipe "'''|'''" to create a '''link label''':
* [[Help:Link|About Links]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
* [[Help:Link|About Links]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

'''"Blank" pipes''' hide:
* Parentheses: [[kingdom (biology)|kingdom]].
* Colon: [[m:Requests for adminship|Requests for adminship]].
After you save, the server automatically fills in the link label.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>* Parentheses: [[kingdom (biology)|]].
* Colon: [[m:Requests for adminship|]].</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Links to nonexistent pages
A red link ([[like this one]]) points to a page
that doesn't exist yet.
* You can create it by clicking on the link.
* Have a look at [[Help:starting a new page|how to start a page]] guide and the naming conventions page for your project.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
A red link ([[like this one]]) points to a page
that doesn't exist yet.
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Link to yourself
Please "sign" comments on talk pages:
: Your user name: [[User:Example|Example]]
: Your user name plus timestamp: [[User:Example|Example]] 08:10 Oct 5, 2002 (UTC)
: Five tildes give a timestamp: 17:55, 12 April 2006 (UTC)
The server will fill in the link after you save.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>Please "sign" comments on talk pages:
: Your user name: ~~~
: Your user name plus timestamp: ~~~~
: Five tildes give a timestamp: ~~~~~
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[Help:Redirect|Redirect]]s
One article title to another with this special link.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>#REDIRECT [[United States]]</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; "Magic" links
* [[w:ISBN|ISBN]] links to books: ISBN 0123456789X (See [[Help:ISBN links]])
* [[w:Request for Comments|RfC]] links to Requests for Comments: RFC 123 (See [[mediawiki:rfcurl]])
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
ISBN 0123456789X
RFC 123</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Media links
To include links to non-image uploads such as sounds, use a "media" link.
 [[media:Example.ogg|Sound]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[[media:Example.ogg|Sound]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Category listing links (these appear at page bottom and list the page in the category)
To list a page in a category and have a link to the Category at page bottom. 

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[[Category:English documentation]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Category non-listing links (these appear inline ''without'' listing the page in the category)
To link to a category without causing the page to be listed in the category, '''add a colon''' 
[[:Category:English documentation]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[[:Category:English documentation]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Dates:
Use links for dates, so everyone can set their own display order. Use [[Special:Preferences]] to change your own date display setting. 
[[July 20]] [[1969]]
[[20 July]] [[1969]]
and [[1969]]-[[07-20]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
[[July 20]] [[1969]]
[[20 July]] [[1969]]
and [[1969]]-[[07-20]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Special pages
"What links here" etc. can be linked as: 
[[Special:Whatlinkshere/Help:Editing]]
===== What you type =====
<pre>
[[Special:Whatlinkshere/Help:Editing]]
</pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Linking to old revisions of pages, diffs, and specific history pages
External link function is used for these as <nowiki>[[page]]</nowiki> will not work. 
Open an old revision copy the url and paste it where you want it. http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&oldid=482030 
Open a diff, copy and paste the url http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&diff=493810&oldid=482030 
A specific page from edit history. To do this click the either the (older) or (earliest) button at least once and maneuver to the page you want to link to
http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Wikitext_examples&dir=prev&offset=20060813153343&limit=100&action=history
===== What you type =====
<pre>
http://meta.wikimedia.org
/w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&oldid=482030
http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?
title=Fotonotes&diff=493810&oldid=482030
http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?
title=Help:Wikitext_examples&dir=prev&offset
=20060813153343&limit=100&action=history
</pre>

==== External links ====
----

border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
----
==== What it looks like ====

[http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia], [http://www.nupedia.com]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
[http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia],
[http://www.nupedia.com]</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

[mailto:email@example.com Email Example],
[mailto:email@example.com]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[mailto:email@example.com Email Example],
[mailto:email@example.com]</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

Or just give the URL: http://www.nupedia.com.
* In the [[m:Help:URL|URL]] all symbols must be among: A-Z a-z 0-9 ._\/~%- &#?!=()@ \x80-\xFF. If a URL contains a different character it should be converted; for example, ^ has to be written ^ (to be looked up in [[w:ASCII|ASCII]]). A blank space can also be converted into an underscore.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>Or just give the URL:
http://www.nupedia.com.</nowiki></pre>

#! -*- mode: wikipedia -*-

{{H:h|Editor toc}}

For the basics see [[Help:Editing]].
== [[w:Wikitext|Wikitext]] markup—making your page look the way you want==
* If you want to try out things without danger of doing any harm, you can do so in the [[{{ns:4}}:Sandbox]].
* More information on [[Help:Html in wikitext|HTML tags in wikitext]].

=== Organizing your writing — sections, paragraphs, lists and lines ===
----

border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
----
==== What it looks like ====

What it looks like
What you type
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Sections and subsections
Start sections with header lines

Note: Single equal signs give the highest level heading, like the page title; usually projects have the convention not to use them.






New section

Subsection

Sub-subsection

* Start with a second-level heading (<tt><nowiki>==</nowiki></tt>); don't use first-level headings (=).
* Don't skip levels (for example, second-level followed by fourth-level).
* A [[#Table of contents|table of contents]] will automatically be added to an article that has four or more sections.
* If appropriate, place subsections in order. If listing countries, for example, place them in alphabetical order rather than, say, relative to population of [[w:OECD|OECD]] countries, or some random order.
* If you want to keep headings out of the TOC you have to use HTML heading tags and close them without using a slash e.g. <nowiki><h4>heading too low level to be in the TOC of large page<h4></nowiki>.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

== New section ==

=== Subsection ===

==== Sub-subsection ====
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[w:Newline|Newline]]:

A single
newline
has no
effect on the
layout.

But an empty line
starts a new paragraph,
or ends a list or indented part.
(<nowiki></nowiki> disables this paragraphing until <nowiki></nowiki> or the end of the section)

(In Cologne Blue, two newlines and a div tag give just one newline; in the order newline, div tag, newline, the result is two newlines.)

A semicolon at the start of a line is not rendered, but has the effect of rendering the newline. A colon in such a line is not rendered, but has the effect of starting a new, indented line, see definition list.

You can make the wikitext more readable by putting in newlines.
You might find this causes future problems—see [[w:Wikipedia:Don't use line breaks]] for details.

* When used in a list, a newline ''does'' affect the layout (See [[Help:List]]).
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

A single
newline
has no
effect on the
layout.

But an empty line
starts a new paragraph.</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

You can break lines 
without starting a new paragraph.
(The HTML tag <nowiki> </nowiki> is sufficient. The system produces the XHTML code <nowiki><br /></nowiki>.)

* Please use this sparingly.
* Close markup between lines; do not start a [[Help:link|link]] or ''italics'' or '''bold''' on one line and close it on the next.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>You can break lines 
without starting a new paragraph.</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

* ''Unordered Lists'' are easy to do:
** start every line with a star,
*** more stars means deeper levels.
* A newline
* in a list
marks the end of the list.
* Of course,
* you can
* start again.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>* Unordered Lists are easy to do:
** start every line with a star,
*** more stars means deeper levels.
* A newline
* in a list
marks the end of the list.
* Of course,
* you can
* start again.

</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

# Numbered lists are also good
## very organized
## easy to follow
# A newline
# in a list
marks the end of the list.
# New numbering starts
# with 1.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki># Numbered lists are also good
## very organized
## easy to follow
# A newline
# in a list
marks the end of the list.
# New numbering starts
# with 1.
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

* You can even do mixed lists
*# and nest them
*#* or break lines in lists
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>* You can even do mixed lists
*# and nest them
*#* or break lines in lists</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Definition list'''
; word : definition of the word
; longer phrase
: phrase defined
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>; word : definition of the word
; longer phrase
: phrase defined</nowiki></pre>

* One item per line; a newline can appear before the colon, but using a space before the colon improves parsing.
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Indenting
: A colon at the start of a line indents a paragraph.
A manual newline starts a new paragraph.
* This is often used for discussion on [[Help:talk page|talk page]]s.
In the case of a semicolon and some text in front of the colon, the first colon starts a new line (indented as before) even though it is in the wikitext not at the start of the line, see definition list.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>: A colon indents a line or paragraph.
A manual newline starts a new paragraph.
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

When there is a need for separating a block of text
<blockquote>
the '''blockquote''' command will indent both margins when needed instead of the left margin only as the colon does.
</blockquote>
This is useful for (as the name says) inserting blocks of quoted (and cited) text.
===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>
<blockquote>
The '''blockquote''' command will indent
both margins when needed instead of the
left margin only as the colon does.
</blockquote>
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

<center>Centered text.</center>
* Please note the US-English spelling of "center".
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki><center>Centered text.</center></nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

A [[w:horizontal dividing line|horizontal dividing line]]:
this is above it...
----
...and this is below it.

If you don't use a section header, you don't get a TOC entry.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>A horizontal dividing line:
this is above it...
----
...and this is below it.
</nowiki></pre>

=== Links, URLs ===
More information at [[Help:Link]]
==== Internal links ====
General notes:
* Enclose the '''target name''' in double square brackets—<nowiki>"[[" and "]]"</nowiki>.
* First letter of target name is automatically capitalized.
* Spaces are represented as underscores (but don't do underscores yourself).
* [[Like this one|Links to nonexistent pages]] are shown in red—[[Help:Starting a new page]] tells about creating the page.
* When the mouse cursor "hovers" over the link, you see a "hover box" containing... hover over links below to see.
----

border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
----
==== What it looks like ====

What it looks like
What you type
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Basic
Sue is reading the [[official position]]
(or [[Official position]]s).
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>Sue is reading the
[[official position]]
(or [[Official position]]s).</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Basic + [[#Text formatting—controlling how it looks|Text formatting]]
You can also ''italicize''/etc. links: e.g., ''[[Wikipedia]]''.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki> ''[[Wikipedia]]'' </nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Interwiki linking
A link to the page on another wiki (e.g. the same subject in another language)
* See [[m:Help:Interwiki linking]].
* [[:fr:Wikipédia:Aide]].
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
* See [[m:Help:Interwiki linking]].
* [[:fr:Wikipédia:Aide]].
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Section of page
* [[List of cities by country#Morocco]]
* [[List of cities by country#Norway]]
If the section doesn't exist, the link goes to the top of the page.
If there are multiple sections by the same name, link to specific ones by adding how many times that header has already appeared (e.g. if there are 3 sections entitled "Example header," and you wish to link to the third one, then use <nowiki>[[#Example section 3]]</nowiki>. For more info, see [[Help:Editing FAQ#Q: Can I link to a specific section header if there are multiple section headers of the same name? If so, how?|Help:Editing FAQ]].
===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>
* [[List of cities by country#Morocco]]
* [[List of cities by country#Norway]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[Help:Piped link|Piped link]]
Use a pipe "'''|'''" to create a '''link label''':
* [[Help:Link|About Links]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
* [[Help:Link|About Links]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

'''"Blank" pipes''' hide:
* Parentheses: [[kingdom (biology)|kingdom]].
* Colon: [[m:Requests for adminship|Requests for adminship]].
After you save, the server automatically fills in the link label.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>* Parentheses: [[kingdom (biology)|]].
* Colon: [[m:Requests for adminship|]].</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Links to nonexistent pages
A red link ([[like this one]]) points to a page
that doesn't exist yet.
* You can create it by clicking on the link.
* Have a look at [[Help:starting a new page|how to start a page]] guide and the naming conventions page for your project.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
A red link ([[like this one]]) points to a page
that doesn't exist yet.
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Link to yourself
Please "sign" comments on talk pages:
: Your user name: [[User:Example|Example]]
: Your user name plus timestamp: [[User:Example|Example]] 08:10 Oct 5, 2002 (UTC)
: Five tildes give a timestamp: 17:55, 12 April 2006 (UTC)
The server will fill in the link after you save.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>Please "sign" comments on talk pages:
: Your user name: ~~~
: Your user name plus timestamp: ~~~~
: Five tildes give a timestamp: ~~~~~
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[Help:Redirect|Redirect]]s
One article title to another with this special link.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>#REDIRECT [[United States]]</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; "Magic" links
* [[w:ISBN|ISBN]] links to books: ISBN 0123456789X (See [[Help:ISBN links]])
* [[w:Request for Comments|RfC]] links to Requests for Comments: RFC 123 (See [[mediawiki:rfcurl]])
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
ISBN 0123456789X
RFC 123</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Media links
To include links to non-image uploads such as sounds, use a "media" link.
 [[media:Example.ogg|Sound]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[[media:Example.ogg|Sound]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Category listing links (these appear at page bottom and list the page in the category)
To list a page in a category and have a link to the Category at page bottom. 

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[[Category:English documentation]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Category non-listing links (these appear inline ''without'' listing the page in the category)
To link to a category without causing the page to be listed in the category, '''add a colon''' 
[[:Category:English documentation]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[[:Category:English documentation]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Dates:
Use links for dates, so everyone can set their own display order. Use [[Special:Preferences]] to change your own date display setting. 
[[July 20]] [[1969]]
[[20 July]] [[1969]]
and [[1969]]-[[07-20]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
[[July 20]] [[1969]]
[[20 July]] [[1969]]
and [[1969]]-[[07-20]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Special pages
"What links here" etc. can be linked as: 
[[Special:Whatlinkshere/Help:Editing]]
===== What you type =====
<pre>
[[Special:Whatlinkshere/Help:Editing]]
</pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Linking to old revisions of pages, diffs, and specific history pages
External link function is used for these as <nowiki>[[page]]</nowiki> will not work. 
Open an old revision copy the url and paste it where you want it. http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&oldid=482030 
Open a diff, copy and paste the url http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&diff=493810&oldid=482030 
A specific page from edit history. To do this click the either the (older) or (earliest) button at least once and maneuver to the page you want to link to
http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Wikitext_examples&dir=prev&offset=20060813153343&limit=100&action=history
===== What you type =====
<pre>
http://meta.wikimedia.org
/w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&oldid=482030
http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?
title=Fotonotes&diff=493810&oldid=482030
http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?
title=Help:Wikitext_examples&dir=prev&offset
=20060813153343&limit=100&action=history
</pre>

==== External links ====
----

border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
----
==== What it looks like ====

[http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia], [http://www.nupedia.com]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
[http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia],
[http://www.nupedia.com]</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

[mailto:email@example.com Email Example],
[mailto:email@example.com]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[mailto:email@example.com Email Example],
[mailto:email@example.com]</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

Or just give the URL: http://www.nupedia.com.
* In the [[m:Help:URL|URL]] all symbols must be among: A-Z a-z 0-9 ._\/~%- &#?!=()@ \x80-\xFF. If a URL contains a different character it should be converted; for example, ^ has to be written ^ (to be looked up in [[w:ASCII|ASCII]]). A blank space can also be converted into an underscore.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>Or just give the URL:
http://www.nupedia.com.</nowiki></pre>

=== Text formatting—controlling how it looks ===
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

What it looks like
===== What you type =====
What you type

----
==== What it looks like ====
|
''Emphasize'' (italics), '''strongly''' (bold), '''''very strongly''''' (bold italics).
(These are double and triple apostrophes, not double quotes.)

Note: this can also be applied to links (e.g., ''[[Wikipedia]]'').

<pre><nowiki>''Emphasize'', '''strongly''',
'''''very strongly'''''.

''[[Wikipedia]]''
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====
|
You can also write italic and bold.
This is useful in mathematical formulas where you need specific font styles rather than emphasis.
: F = ma
(The difference between these two methods is not very important for graphical browsers, so most people ignore it). But it may make a big difference for the visually impaired ;-)

<pre><nowiki>You can also write italic and bold.
This is useful in mathematical formulas where you
need specific font styles rather than emphasis.
: F = ma</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====
|
You can also write

in small caps.
If the wiki has the templates, this can
{{bsm}}be much simpler to write{{esm}}.

<pre><nowiki>You can also write

in small caps.
If the wiki has the templates, this can
{{bsm}}be much simpler to write{{esm}}.</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

A typewriter font, sometimes used for
<tt>technical terms</tt> and <code>computer code</code>.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>A typewriter font, sometimes used for
<tt>technical terms</tt> and <code>computer code</code>.</nowiki></pre>
* For semantic reasons, using <code><code></code> where applicable is preferable to using <code><tt></code>.



----
==== What it looks like ====

You can use small text for captions.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>You can use small text
for captions.</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====
|You can <strike>strike out deleted material</strike>
and underline new material.

You can also mark <del>deleted material</del> and
<ins>inserted material</ins> using logical markup
rather than visual markup.
* When editing regular articles, just make your changes and do not mark them up in any special way.
* When editing your own previous remarks in talk pages, it is sometimes appropriate to mark up deleted or inserted material.

<pre><nowiki>You can <strike>strike out deleted material</strike>
and underline new material.

You can also mark <del>deleted material</del> and
<ins>inserted material</ins> using logical markup
rather than visual markup.
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====
|Subscript: x2 
Superscript: x2 or x²

Most browsers have an easier time formatting lines with &sup2; than with 2

ε0 =
8.85 × 10−12
C² / J m.
 
1 [[hectare]] = [[1 E4 m²]]

<pre><nowiki>Subscript: x2
Superscript: x2 or x&sup2;
</nowiki></pre>
<pre><nowiki>
&epsilon;0 =
8.85 &times; 10&minus;12
C&sup2; / J m.

1 [[hectare]] = [[1 E4 m&sup2]]
</nowiki></pre>

=== Disabling wikitext interpretation and/or reformatting ===
<nowiki> and <pre> tags can tell the server and the browser to display things as you typed them.
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''regular'''

* interpret special characters
* interpret special wiki markup
* reformat text (remove single newlines and multiple spaces, perform automatic wrapping)
* a double newline gives a new paragraph

arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]

===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''<nowiki>'''
* interpret special characters
* don't interpret special wiki markup
* reformat text
* ignore even a double newline (no new paragraph); hence has to be applied separately for each paragraph
''can be applied in-line:'' <nowiki>
arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]
</nowiki> ''[[normal]] again''

===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>
''can be applied in-line:'' <nowiki>
arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]
</nowiki></nowiki>''[[normal]] again''</pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''<pre>'''
* interpret special characters
* don't interpret special wiki markup
* don't reformat text (no wrapping)
* allows CSS for HTML element pre; the default skin gives a box
* uses a fixed-width font, as specified in the browser settings

<pre>arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]
</pre>

===== What you type =====

<pre><pre>arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]</pre></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''leading space'''
* interpret special characters
* interpret special wiki markup
* don't reformat text (no wrapping)
* produces HTML element pre, therefore the font and CSS are the same as when using pre; the default skin gives a box
* a blank line ends the element pre; if there are more lines with leading space after that, a new pre element starts (in the default skin: a new box)

arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]
</pre>

IF a line of plain text starts with a space
it will be formatted exactly
as typed
in a font
in a grey dotted-outline box
lines won't wrap
ENDIF
this is useful for:
* pasting preformatted text;
* algorithm descriptions;
* program source code
* ASCII art;
* chemical structures;

WARNING: If you make it wide,
you [[w:page widening|force the whole page to be wide]] and
hence less readable. Never start ordinary lines with spaces. 
<center>(see also below)</center>|
<pre> <nowiki>arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]</nowiki></pre>

<pre><nowiki> IF a line of plain text starts with a space
it will be formatted exactly
as typed
in a fixed-width font
in a grey dotted-outline box
lines won't wrap
ENDIF
this is useful for:
* pasting preformatted text
* algorithm descriptions
* program source code
* ASCII art
* chemical structures
* poetry
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''typewriter font'''

(does not work beyond the end of a paragraph):

<tt>arrow →</tt>

<tt>''italics''</tt>
<tt>[[link]]

New paragraph.</tt>

===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki><tt>arrow &rarr;</tt>

<tt>''italics''</tt>
<tt>[[link]]</nowiki>

New paragraph.</tt></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Show special character codes:

&rarr;

===== What you type =====

<pre>&amp;rarr;</pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

;[[Help:Comment tags|Comments]]
The text between '''here'''

'''and here''' won't be displayed

===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>The text between '''here'''

'''and here''' won't be displayed</nowiki></pre>

=== Special characters ===
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Umlauts and accents:''' (See [[Help:Special characters]]) 
À Á Â Ã Ä Å
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë
Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò
Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù
Ú Û Ü ß à á
â ã ä å æ ç
è é ê ë ì í
î ï ñ ò ó ô
œ õ ö ø ù ú
û ü ÿ 
 
À Á Â Ã Ä Å 
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë 
Ì Í
Î Ï Ñ Ò 
Ó Ô Õ
Ö Ø Ù 
Ú Û Ü ß
à á 
â ã ä å æ
ç 
è é ê ë ì í 
î ï ñ ò ó ô 
&oelig; õ
ö ø ù ú 
û ü ÿ

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

À Á Â Ã Ä Å
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë
Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò
Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù
Ú Û Ü ß à á
â ã ä å æ ç
è é ê ë ì í
î ï ñ ò ó ô
œ õ ö ø ù ú
û ü ÿ

&Agrave; &Aacute; &Acirc; &Atilde; &Auml; &Aring;
&AElig; &Ccedil; &Egrave; &Eacute; &Ecirc; &Euml;
&Igrave; &Iacute; &Icirc; &Iuml; &Ntilde; &Ograve;
&Oacute; &Ocirc; &Otilde; &Ouml; &Oslash; &Ugrave;
&Uacute; &Ucirc; &Uuml; &szlig; &agrave; &aacute;
&acirc; &atilde; &auml; &aring; &aelig; &ccedil;
&egrave; &eacute; &ecirc; &euml; &igrave; &iacute;
&icirc; &iuml; &ntilde; &ograve; &oacute; &ocirc;
&oelig; &otilde; &ouml; &oslash; &ugrave; &uacute;
&ucirc; &uuml; &yuml;</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Punctuation:''' 
¿ ¡ « » § ¶
† ‡ • - – —

¿ ¡ « » § ¶ 
&dagger; &Dagger; • - – —

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
¿ ¡ « » § ¶
† ‡ • - – —

&iquest; &iexcl; &laquo; &raquo; &sect; &para;
&dagger; &Dagger; &bull; - &ndash; &mdash;</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Commercial symbols:''' 
™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤

™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤

&trade; &copy; &reg; &cent; &euro; &yen; &pound; &curren;
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====
|'''Greek characters:''' 
α β γ δ ε ζ
η θ ι κ λ μ ν
ξ ο π ρ σ ς
τ υ φ χ ψ ω
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π
Σ Φ Ψ Ω

α β γ δ ε ζ 
η θ ι κ λ μ ν 
ξ ο π ρ σ &sigmaf; 
τ υ φ χ ψ ω 
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π 
Σ Φ Ψ Ω

<pre><nowiki>
α β γ δ ε ζ
η θ ι κ λ μ ν
ξ ο π ρ σ ς
τ υ φ χ ψ ω
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π
Σ Φ Ψ Ω

&alpha; &beta; &gamma; &delta; &epsilon; &zeta;
&eta; &theta; &iota; &kappa; &lambda; &mu; &nu;
&xi; &omicron; &pi; &rho; &sigma; &sigmaf;
&tau; &upsilon; &phi; &chi; &psi; &omega;
&Gamma; &Delta; &Theta; &Lambda; &Xi; &Pi;
&Sigma; &Phi; &Psi; &Omega;
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Math characters:''' 
∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞
≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″
∇ ‰ ° ∴ ø
∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔
→ ↔ ↑

∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞ 
≈ &prop; &equiv; ≠ ≤ ≥ 
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″ 
∇ &permil; ° &there4; ø 
∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ &sube; &supe; 
¬ &and; &or; ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔ 
→ ↔ ↑ 

Problem symbols:

ℵ ∉

&alefsym; ∉

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞
≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″
∇ ‰ ° ∴ ø
∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔
→ ↔ ↑

&int; &sum; &prod; &radic; &minus; &plusmn; &infin;
&asymp; &prop; &equiv; &ne; &le; &ge;
&times; &middot; &divide; &part; &prime; &Prime;
&nabla; &permil; &deg; &there4; &oslash;
&isin; &cap; &cup; &sub; &sup; &sube; &supe;
&not; &and; &or; &exist; &forall; &rArr; &hArr;
&rarr; &harr; &uarr;

Problem symbols:

ℵ ∉

&alefsym; &notin;
</nowiki></pre>

Writing a symbol over another one:

<nowiki>ox</nowiki> gives ox.

=== Including another page—transclusion and templates ===
Changing a transcluded file will change every file that transcludes it.
----

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Transclusion
: Including the contents of another page into the current page.
<div style="border: 1pt dashed blue; background: grey; padding: 1em 1em;">
{{:Help:Transclusion Demo}}</div>
===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>{{</nowiki>:Help:Transclusion Demo<nowiki>}}</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[Help:Template|Template]]
A special kind of page designed for transclusion.
These pages are found in the '''Template:''' [[Help:namespace|namespace]]
Templates can even take parameters.
When you edit a page, all the templates used on the page are listed below the edit box.
<div style="border: 1pt dashed blue; background: grey; padding: 1em 1em;">
{{H:title|hovertext|This is underlined}}</div>
===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>{{H:title|hovertext|This is underlined}}</nowiki></pre>

== Records of edits in the database ==
Edits are recorded both in the [[mw:revision table|revision table]] and in the [[mw:recentchanges table|recentchanges table]] of the database.

The revision table is used for page histories and user contribution lists. The recentchanges table is used for recent and related changes, watchlists, and (in the case of page creation) for the list of new pages.

This distinction is relevant in the case that old edits are removed from one of the two tables. For example, if three months of recent changes are kept in the recentchanges table, while nothing is deleted from the revision table, then older edits can be seen in page histories and user contribution lists, but not in recent and related changes, watchlists, and (in the case of page creation) in the list of new pages.

[[Help:Import|Import]] of page revisions adds to the revision table but not to the recentchanges table, so they add to page histories and user contribution lists, but not to recent and related changes, watchlists, and (in the case of page creation) the list of new pages.

{{h:f|enname=Advanced editing}}

[[fa:راهنما:ویرایش پیشرفته]]

=== Disabling wikitext interpretation and/or reformatting ===
<nowiki> and <pre> tags can tell the server and the browser to display things as you typed them.
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td>
'''regular'''

* interpret special characters
* interpret special wiki markup
* reformat text (remove single newlines and multiple spaces, perform automatic wrapping)
* a double newline gives a new paragraph

arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]
</td>
<td valign="bottom">
<pre><nowiki>arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="bottom">
'''<nowiki>'''
* interpret special characters
* don't interpret special wiki markup
* reformat text
* ignore even a double newline (no new paragraph); hence has to be applied separately for each paragraph
''can be applied in-line:'' <nowiki>
arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]
</nowiki> ''[[normal]] again''
</td>
<td valign="bottom">
<pre><nowiki>
''can be applied in-line:'' <nowiki>
arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]
</nowiki></nowiki>''[[normal]] again''</pre>

</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>
'''<pre>'''
* interpret special characters
* don't interpret special wiki markup
* don't reformat text (no wrapping)
* allows CSS for HTML element pre; the default skin gives a box
* uses a fixed-width font, as specified in the browser settings

<pre>arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]
</pre>
</td>
<td valign="bottom">
<pre><pre>arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]</pre></pre>
</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>
'''leading space'''
* interpret special characters
* interpret special wiki markup
* don't reformat text (no wrapping)
* produces HTML element pre, therefore the font and CSS are the same as when using pre; the default skin gives a box
* a blank line ends the element pre; if there are more lines with leading space after that, a new pre element starts (in the default skin: a new box)

arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]
</pre>

IF a line of plain text starts with a space
it will be formatted exactly
as typed
in a font
in a grey dotted-outline box
lines won't wrap
ENDIF
this is useful for:
* pasting preformatted text;
* algorithm descriptions;
* program source code
* ASCII art;
* chemical structures;

WARNING: If you make it wide,
you [[w:page widening|force the whole page to be wide]] and
hence less readable. Never start ordinary lines with spaces. 
<center>(see also below)</center><td>
<pre> <nowiki>arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]</nowiki></pre>

<pre><nowiki> IF a line of plain text starts with a space
it will be formatted exactly
as typed
in a fixed-width font
in a grey dotted-outline box
lines won't wrap
ENDIF
this is useful for:
* pasting preformatted text
* algorithm descriptions
* program source code
* ASCII art
* chemical structures
* poetry
</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>
'''typewriter font'''

(does not work beyond the end of a paragraph):

<tt>arrow →</tt>

<tt>''italics''</tt>
<tt>[[link]]

New paragraph.</tt>

</td>
<td valign="bottom">
<pre><nowiki><tt>arrow &rarr;</tt>

<tt>''italics''</tt>
<tt>[[link]]</nowiki>

New paragraph.</tt></pre>
</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>
; Show special character codes:

&rarr;
</td>
<td valign="bottom">
<pre>&amp;rarr;</pre>
</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>
;[[Help:Comment tags|Comments]]
The text between '''here'''

'''and here''' won't be displayed
</td>
<td>
<pre><nowiki>The text between '''here'''

'''and here''' won't be displayed</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>
</table>

=== Special characters ===
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr valign="top">
<td>
'''Umlauts and accents:''' (See [[Help:Special characters]]) 
À Á Â Ã Ä Å
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë
Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò
Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù
Ú Û Ü ß à á
â ã ä å æ ç
è é ê ë ì í
î ï ñ ò ó ô
œ õ ö ø ù ú
û ü ÿ 
 
À Á Â Ã Ä Å 
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë 
Ì Í
Î Ï Ñ Ò 
Ó Ô Õ
Ö Ø Ù 
Ú Û Ü ß
à á 
â ã ä å æ
ç 
è é ê ë ì í 
î ï ñ ò ó ô 
&oelig; õ
ö ø ù ú 
û ü ÿ
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>

À Á Â Ã Ä Å
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë
Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò
Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù
Ú Û Ü ß à á
â ã ä å æ ç
è é ê ë ì í
î ï ñ ò ó ô
œ õ ö ø ù ú
û ü ÿ

&Agrave; &Aacute; &Acirc; &Atilde; &Auml; &Aring;
&AElig; &Ccedil; &Egrave; &Eacute; &Ecirc; &Euml;
&Igrave; &Iacute; &Icirc; &Iuml; &Ntilde; &Ograve;
&Oacute; &Ocirc; &Otilde; &Ouml; &Oslash; &Ugrave;
&Uacute; &Ucirc; &Uuml; &szlig; &agrave; &aacute;
&acirc; &atilde; &auml; &aring; &aelig; &ccedil;
&egrave; &eacute; &ecirc; &euml; &igrave; &iacute;
&icirc; &iuml; &ntilde; &ograve; &oacute; &ocirc;
&oelig; &otilde; &ouml; &oslash; &ugrave; &uacute;
&ucirc; &uuml; &yuml;</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
'''Punctuation:''' 
¿ ¡ « » § ¶
† ‡ • - – —

¿ ¡ « » § ¶ 
&dagger; &Dagger; • - – —
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>
¿ ¡ « » § ¶
† ‡ • - – —

&iquest; &iexcl; &laquo; &raquo; &sect; &para;
&dagger; &Dagger; &bull; - &ndash; &mdash;</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
'''Commercial symbols:''' 
™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤

™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>
™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤

&trade; &copy; &reg; &cent; &euro; &yen; &pound; &curren;
</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>'''Greek characters:''' 
α β γ δ ε ζ
η θ ι κ λ μ ν
ξ ο π ρ σ ς
τ υ φ χ ψ ω
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π
Σ Φ Ψ Ω

α β γ δ ε ζ 
η θ ι κ λ μ ν 
ξ ο π ρ σ &sigmaf; 
τ υ φ χ ψ ω 
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π 
Σ Φ Ψ Ω
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>
α β γ δ ε ζ
η θ ι κ λ μ ν
ξ ο π ρ σ ς
τ υ φ χ ψ ω
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π
Σ Φ Ψ Ω

&alpha; &beta; &gamma; &delta; &epsilon; &zeta;
&eta; &theta; &iota; &kappa; &lambda; &mu; &nu;
&xi; &omicron; &pi; &rho; &sigma; &sigmaf;
&tau; &upsilon; &phi; &chi; &psi; &omega;
&Gamma; &Delta; &Theta; &Lambda; &Xi; &Pi;
&Sigma; &Phi; &Psi; &Omega;
</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
'''Math characters:''' 
∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞
≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″
∇ ‰ ° ∴ ø
∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔
→ ↔ ↑

∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞ 
≈ &prop; &equiv; ≠ ≤ ≥ 
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″ 
∇ &permil; ° &there4; ø 
∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ &sube; &supe; 
¬ &and; &or; ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔ 
→ ↔ ↑ 

Problem symbols:

ℵ ∉

&alefsym; ∉
</td>
<td valign="middle"><pre><nowiki>
∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞
≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″
∇ ‰ ° ∴ ø
∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔
→ ↔ ↑

&int; &sum; &prod; &radic; &minus; &plusmn; &infin;
&asymp; &prop; &equiv; &ne; &le; &ge;
&times; &middot; &divide; &part; &prime; &Prime;
&nabla; &permil; &deg; &there4; &oslash;
&isin; &cap; &cup; &sub; &sup; &sube; &supe;
&not; &and; &or; &exist; &forall; &rArr; &hArr;
&rarr; &harr; &uarr;

Problem symbols:

ℵ ∉

&alefsym; &notin;
</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>
</table>

Writing a symbol over another one:

<nowiki>ox</nowiki> gives ox.

=== Including another page—transclusion and templates ===
Changing a transcluded file will change every file that transcludes it.
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr valign="bottom">
<td>
; Transclusion
: Including the contents of another page into the current page.
<div style="border: 1pt dashed blue; background: grey; padding: 1em 1em;">
{{:Help:Transclusion Demo}}</div></td>
<td>
<pre><nowiki>{{</nowiki>:Help:Transclusion Demo<nowiki>}}</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>

<tr valign="bottom">
<td>
; [[Help:Template|Template]]
A special kind of page designed for transclusion.
These pages are found in the '''Template:''' [[Help:namespace|namespace]]
Templates can even take parameters.
When you edit a page, all the templates used on the page are listed below the edit box.
<div style="border: 1pt dashed blue; background: grey; padding: 1em 1em;">
{{H:title|hovertext|This is underlined}}</div></td>
<td>
<pre><nowiki>{{H:title|hovertext|This is underlined}}</nowiki></pre></td></tr>
</table>

== Records of edits in the database ==
Edits are recorded both in the [[mw:revision table|revision table]] and in the [[mw:recentchanges table|recentchanges table]] of the database.

The revision table is used for page histories and user contribution lists. The recentchanges table is used for recent and related changes, watchlists, and (in the case of page creation) for the list of new pages.

This distinction is relevant in the case that old edits are removed from one of the two tables. For example, if three months of recent changes are kept in the recentchanges table, while nothing is deleted from the revision table, then older edits can be seen in page histories and user contribution lists, but not in recent and related changes, watchlists, and (in the case of page creation) in the list of new pages.

[[Help:Import|Import]] of page revisions adds to the revision table but not to the recentchanges table, so they add to page histories and user contribution lists, but not to recent and related changes, watchlists, and (in the case of page creation) the list of new pages.

{{h:f|enname=Advanced editing}}

[[fa:راهنما:ویرایش پیشرفته]]

User:He!ko/Editing

2008-07-10T09:37:58Z

He!ko:

User:He!ko/Editing

2008-07-10T09:34:29Z

He!ko:

#! -*- mode: wikipedia -*-

{{H:h|Editor toc}}

For the basics see [[Help:Editing]].
== [[w:Wikitext|Wikitext]] markup—making your page look the way you want==
* If you want to try out things without danger of doing any harm, you can do so in the [[{{ns:4}}:Sandbox]].
* More information on [[Help:Html in wikitext|HTML tags in wikitext]].

=== Organizing your writing — sections, paragraphs, lists and lines ===
----

border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
----
==== What it looks like ====

What it looks like
What you type
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Sections and subsections
Start sections with header lines

Note: Single equal signs give the highest level heading, like the page title; usually projects have the convention not to use them.






New section

Subsection

Sub-subsection

* Start with a second-level heading (<tt><nowiki>==</nowiki></tt>); don't use first-level headings (=).
* Don't skip levels (for example, second-level followed by fourth-level).
* A [[#Table of contents|table of contents]] will automatically be added to an article that has four or more sections.
* If appropriate, place subsections in order. If listing countries, for example, place them in alphabetical order rather than, say, relative to population of [[w:OECD|OECD]] countries, or some random order.
* If you want to keep headings out of the TOC you have to use HTML heading tags and close them without using a slash e.g. <nowiki><h4>heading too low level to be in the TOC of large page<h4></nowiki>.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

== New section ==

=== Subsection ===

==== Sub-subsection ====
</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[w:Newline|Newline]]:

A single
newline
has no
effect on the
layout.

But an empty line
starts a new paragraph,
or ends a list or indented part.
(<nowiki></nowiki> disables this paragraphing until <nowiki></nowiki> or the end of the section)

(In Cologne Blue, two newlines and a div tag give just one newline; in the order newline, div tag, newline, the result is two newlines.)

A semicolon at the start of a line is not rendered, but has the effect of rendering the newline. A colon in such a line is not rendered, but has the effect of starting a new, indented line, see definition list.

You can make the wikitext more readable by putting in newlines.
You might find this causes future problems—see [[w:Wikipedia:Don't use line breaks]] for details.

* When used in a list, a newline ''does'' affect the layout (See [[Help:List]]).
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

A single
newline
has no
effect on the
layout.

But an empty line
starts a new paragraph.</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

You can break lines 
without starting a new paragraph.
(The HTML tag <nowiki> </nowiki> is sufficient. The system produces the XHTML code <nowiki><br /></nowiki>.)

* Please use this sparingly.
* Close markup between lines; do not start a [[Help:link|link]] or ''italics'' or '''bold''' on one line and close it on the next.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>You can break lines 
without starting a new paragraph.</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

* ''Unordered Lists'' are easy to do:
** start every line with a star,
*** more stars means deeper levels.
* A newline
* in a list
marks the end of the list.
* Of course,
* you can
* start again.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>* Unordered Lists are easy to do:
** start every line with a star,
*** more stars means deeper levels.
* A newline
* in a list
marks the end of the list.
* Of course,
* you can
* start again.

</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

# Numbered lists are also good
## very organized
## easy to follow
# A newline
# in a list
marks the end of the list.
# New numbering starts
# with 1.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki># Numbered lists are also good
## very organized
## easy to follow
# A newline
# in a list
marks the end of the list.
# New numbering starts
# with 1.
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

* You can even do mixed lists
*# and nest them
*#* or break lines in lists
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>* You can even do mixed lists
*# and nest them
*#* or break lines in lists</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Definition list'''
; word : definition of the word
; longer phrase
: phrase defined
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>; word : definition of the word
; longer phrase
: phrase defined</nowiki></pre>

* One item per line; a newline can appear before the colon, but using a space before the colon improves parsing.
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Indenting
: A colon at the start of a line indents a paragraph.
A manual newline starts a new paragraph.
* This is often used for discussion on [[Help:talk page|talk page]]s.
In the case of a semicolon and some text in front of the colon, the first colon starts a new line (indented as before) even though it is in the wikitext not at the start of the line, see definition list.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>: A colon indents a line or paragraph.
A manual newline starts a new paragraph.
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

When there is a need for separating a block of text
<blockquote>
the '''blockquote''' command will indent both margins when needed instead of the left margin only as the colon does.
</blockquote>
This is useful for (as the name says) inserting blocks of quoted (and cited) text.
===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>
<blockquote>
The '''blockquote''' command will indent
both margins when needed instead of the
left margin only as the colon does.
</blockquote>
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

<center>Centered text.</center>
* Please note the US-English spelling of "center".
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki><center>Centered text.</center></nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

A [[w:horizontal dividing line|horizontal dividing line]]:
this is above it...
----
...and this is below it.

If you don't use a section header, you don't get a TOC entry.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>A horizontal dividing line:
this is above it...
----
...and this is below it.
</nowiki></pre>
===== What you type =====
}

=== Links, URLs ===
More information at [[Help:Link]]
==== Internal links ====
General notes:
* Enclose the '''target name''' in double square brackets—<nowiki>"[[" and "]]"</nowiki>.
* First letter of target name is automatically capitalized.
* Spaces are represented as underscores (but don't do underscores yourself).
* [[Like this one|Links to nonexistent pages]] are shown in red—[[Help:Starting a new page]] tells about creating the page.
* When the mouse cursor "hovers" over the link, you see a "hover box" containing... hover over links below to see.
----

border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
----
==== What it looks like ====

What it looks like
What you type
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Basic
Sue is reading the [[official position]]
(or [[Official position]]s).
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>Sue is reading the
[[official position]]
(or [[Official position]]s).</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Basic + [[#Text formatting—controlling how it looks|Text formatting]]
You can also ''italicize''/etc. links: e.g., ''[[Wikipedia]]''.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki> ''[[Wikipedia]]'' </nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Interwiki linking
A link to the page on another wiki (e.g. the same subject in another language)
* See [[m:Help:Interwiki linking]].
* [[:fr:Wikipédia:Aide]].
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
* See [[m:Help:Interwiki linking]].
* [[:fr:Wikipédia:Aide]].
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Section of page
* [[List of cities by country#Morocco]]
* [[List of cities by country#Norway]]
If the section doesn't exist, the link goes to the top of the page.
If there are multiple sections by the same name, link to specific ones by adding how many times that header has already appeared (e.g. if there are 3 sections entitled "Example header," and you wish to link to the third one, then use <nowiki>[[#Example section 3]]</nowiki>. For more info, see [[Help:Editing FAQ#Q: Can I link to a specific section header if there are multiple section headers of the same name? If so, how?|Help:Editing FAQ]].
===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>
* [[List of cities by country#Morocco]]
* [[List of cities by country#Norway]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[Help:Piped link|Piped link]]
Use a pipe "'''|'''" to create a '''link label''':
* [[Help:Link|About Links]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
* [[Help:Link|About Links]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

'''"Blank" pipes''' hide:
* Parentheses: [[kingdom (biology)|kingdom]].
* Colon: [[m:Requests for adminship|Requests for adminship]].
After you save, the server automatically fills in the link label.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>* Parentheses: [[kingdom (biology)|]].
* Colon: [[m:Requests for adminship|]].</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Links to nonexistent pages
A red link ([[like this one]]) points to a page
that doesn't exist yet.
* You can create it by clicking on the link.
* Have a look at [[Help:starting a new page|how to start a page]] guide and the naming conventions page for your project.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
A red link ([[like this one]]) points to a page
that doesn't exist yet.
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Link to yourself
Please "sign" comments on talk pages:
: Your user name: [[User:Example|Example]]
: Your user name plus timestamp: [[User:Example|Example]] 08:10 Oct 5, 2002 (UTC)
: Five tildes give a timestamp: 17:55, 12 April 2006 (UTC)
The server will fill in the link after you save.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>Please "sign" comments on talk pages:
: Your user name: ~~~
: Your user name plus timestamp: ~~~~
: Five tildes give a timestamp: ~~~~~
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[Help:Redirect|Redirect]]s
One article title to another with this special link.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>#REDIRECT [[United States]]</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; "Magic" links
* [[w:ISBN|ISBN]] links to books: ISBN 0123456789X (See [[Help:ISBN links]])
* [[w:Request for Comments|RfC]] links to Requests for Comments: RFC 123 (See [[mediawiki:rfcurl]])
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
ISBN 0123456789X
RFC 123</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Media links
To include links to non-image uploads such as sounds, use a "media" link.
 [[media:Example.ogg|Sound]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[[media:Example.ogg|Sound]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Category listing links (these appear at page bottom and list the page in the category)
To list a page in a category and have a link to the Category at page bottom. 

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[[Category:English documentation]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Category non-listing links (these appear inline ''without'' listing the page in the category)
To link to a category without causing the page to be listed in the category, '''add a colon''' 
[[:Category:English documentation]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[[:Category:English documentation]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Dates:
Use links for dates, so everyone can set their own display order. Use [[Special:Preferences]] to change your own date display setting. 
[[July 20]] [[1969]]
[[20 July]] [[1969]]
and [[1969]]-[[07-20]]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
[[July 20]] [[1969]]
[[20 July]] [[1969]]
and [[1969]]-[[07-20]]
</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Special pages
"What links here" etc. can be linked as: 
[[Special:Whatlinkshere/Help:Editing]]
===== What you type =====
<pre>
[[Special:Whatlinkshere/Help:Editing]]
</pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

; Linking to old revisions of pages, diffs, and specific history pages
External link function is used for these as <nowiki>[[page]]</nowiki> will not work. 
Open an old revision copy the url and paste it where you want it. http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&oldid=482030 
Open a diff, copy and paste the url http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&diff=493810&oldid=482030 
A specific page from edit history. To do this click the either the (older) or (earliest) button at least once and maneuver to the page you want to link to
http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Wikitext_examples&dir=prev&offset=20060813153343&limit=100&action=history
===== What you type =====
<pre>
http://meta.wikimedia.org
/w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&oldid=482030
http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?
title=Fotonotes&diff=493810&oldid=482030
http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?
title=Help:Wikitext_examples&dir=prev&offset
=20060813153343&limit=100&action=history
</pre>
===== What you type =====
}

==== External links ====
----

border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"
----
==== What it looks like ====

[http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia], [http://www.nupedia.com]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>
[http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia],
[http://www.nupedia.com]</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

[mailto:email@example.com Email Example],
[mailto:email@example.com]
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[mailto:email@example.com Email Example],
[mailto:email@example.com]</nowiki></pre>
----
==== What it looks like ====

Or just give the URL: http://www.nupedia.com.
* In the [[m:Help:URL|URL]] all symbols must be among: A-Z a-z 0-9 ._\/~%- &#?!=()@ \x80-\xFF. If a URL contains a different character it should be converted; for example, ^ has to be written ^ (to be looked up in [[w:ASCII|ASCII]]). A blank space can also be converted into an underscore.
===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>Or just give the URL:
http://www.nupedia.com.</nowiki></pre>
===== What you type =====
}

=== Text formatting—controlling how it looks ===
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<th>What it looks like</th>
<th>What you type</th>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>
''Emphasize'' (italics), '''strongly''' (bold), '''''very strongly''''' (bold italics).
(These are double and triple apostrophes, not double quotes.)

Note: this can also be applied to links (e.g., ''[[Wikipedia]]'').
</td>
<td valign="bottom">
<pre><nowiki>''Emphasize'', '''strongly''',
'''''very strongly'''''.

''[[Wikipedia]]''
</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>
You can also write italic and bold.
This is useful in mathematical formulas where you need specific font styles rather than emphasis.
: F = ma
(The difference between these two methods is not very important for graphical browsers, so most people ignore it). But it may make a big difference for the visually impaired ;-)
</td>
<td>
<pre><nowiki>You can also write italic and bold.
This is useful in mathematical formulas where you
need specific font styles rather than emphasis.
: F = ma</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>
You can also write

in small caps.
If the wiki has the templates, this can
{{bsm}}be much simpler to write{{esm}}.
</td>
<td>
<pre><nowiki>You can also write

in small caps.
If the wiki has the templates, this can
{{bsm}}be much simpler to write{{esm}}.</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign=top>
<td>A typewriter font, sometimes used for
<tt>technical terms</tt> and <code>computer code</code>.
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>A typewriter font, sometimes used for
<tt>technical terms</tt> and <code>computer code</code>.</nowiki></pre>
* For semantic reasons, using <code><code></code> where applicable is preferable to using <code><tt></code>.
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign=top>
<td>You can use small text for captions.
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>You can use small text
for captions.</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>You can <strike>strike out deleted material</strike>
and underline new material.

You can also mark <del>deleted material</del> and
<ins>inserted material</ins> using logical markup
rather than visual markup.
* When editing regular articles, just make your changes and do not mark them up in any special way.
* When editing your own previous remarks in talk pages, it is sometimes appropriate to mark up deleted or inserted material.
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>You can <strike>strike out deleted material</strike>
and underline new material.

You can also mark <del>deleted material</del> and
<ins>inserted material</ins> using logical markup
rather than visual markup.
</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>

<tr valign="bottom" id="subscript"><td>Subscript: x2 
Superscript: x2 or x²

Most browsers have an easier time formatting lines with &sup2; than with 2

ε0 =
8.85 × 10−12
C² / J m.
 
1 [[hectare]] = [[1 E4 m²]]
</td>

<td valign="bottom"><pre><nowiki>Subscript: x2
Superscript: x2 or x&sup2;
</nowiki></pre>
<pre><nowiki>
&epsilon;0 =
8.85 &times; 10&minus;12
C&sup2; / J m.

1 [[hectare]] = [[1 E4 m&sup2]]
</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>
</table>

=== Disabling wikitext interpretation and/or reformatting ===
<nowiki> and <pre> tags can tell the server and the browser to display things as you typed them.
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td>
'''regular'''

* interpret special characters
* interpret special wiki markup
* reformat text (remove single newlines and multiple spaces, perform automatic wrapping)
* a double newline gives a new paragraph

arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]
</td>
<td valign="bottom">
<pre><nowiki>arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="bottom">
'''<nowiki>'''
* interpret special characters
* don't interpret special wiki markup
* reformat text
* ignore even a double newline (no new paragraph); hence has to be applied separately for each paragraph
''can be applied in-line:'' <nowiki>
arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]
</nowiki> ''[[normal]] again''
</td>
<td valign="bottom">
<pre><nowiki>
''can be applied in-line:'' <nowiki>
arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]
</nowiki></nowiki>''[[normal]] again''</pre>

</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>
'''<pre>'''
* interpret special characters
* don't interpret special wiki markup
* don't reformat text (no wrapping)
* allows CSS for HTML element pre; the default skin gives a box
* uses a fixed-width font, as specified in the browser settings

<pre>arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]
</pre>
</td>
<td valign="bottom">
<pre><pre>arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]</pre></pre>
</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>
'''leading space'''
* interpret special characters
* interpret special wiki markup
* don't reformat text (no wrapping)
* produces HTML element pre, therefore the font and CSS are the same as when using pre; the default skin gives a box
* a blank line ends the element pre; if there are more lines with leading space after that, a new pre element starts (in the default skin: a new box)

arrow →

''italics''
[[link]]
</pre>

IF a line of plain text starts with a space
it will be formatted exactly
as typed
in a font
in a grey dotted-outline box
lines won't wrap
ENDIF
this is useful for:
* pasting preformatted text;
* algorithm descriptions;
* program source code
* ASCII art;
* chemical structures;

WARNING: If you make it wide,
you [[w:page widening|force the whole page to be wide]] and
hence less readable. Never start ordinary lines with spaces. 
<center>(see also below)</center><td>
<pre> <nowiki>arrow &rarr;

''italics''
[[link]]</nowiki></pre>

<pre><nowiki> IF a line of plain text starts with a space
it will be formatted exactly
as typed
in a fixed-width font
in a grey dotted-outline box
lines won't wrap
ENDIF
this is useful for:
* pasting preformatted text
* algorithm descriptions
* program source code
* ASCII art
* chemical structures
* poetry
</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>
'''typewriter font'''

(does not work beyond the end of a paragraph):

<tt>arrow →</tt>

<tt>''italics''</tt>
<tt>[[link]]

New paragraph.</tt>

</td>
<td valign="bottom">
<pre><nowiki><tt>arrow &rarr;</tt>

<tt>''italics''</tt>
<tt>[[link]]</nowiki>

New paragraph.</tt></pre>
</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>
; Show special character codes:

&rarr;
</td>
<td valign="bottom">
<pre>&amp;rarr;</pre>
</td>
</tr>

<tr>
<td>
;[[Help:Comment tags|Comments]]
The text between '''here'''

'''and here''' won't be displayed
</td>
<td>
<pre><nowiki>The text between '''here'''

'''and here''' won't be displayed</nowiki></pre>
</td>
</tr>
</table>

=== Special characters ===
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr valign="top">
<td>
'''Umlauts and accents:''' (See [[Help:Special characters]]) 
À Á Â Ã Ä Å
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë
Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò
Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù
Ú Û Ü ß à á
â ã ä å æ ç
è é ê ë ì í
î ï ñ ò ó ô
œ õ ö ø ù ú
û ü ÿ 
 
À Á Â Ã Ä Å 
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë 
Ì Í
Î Ï Ñ Ò 
Ó Ô Õ
Ö Ø Ù 
Ú Û Ü ß
à á 
â ã ä å æ
ç 
è é ê ë ì í 
î ï ñ ò ó ô 
&oelig; õ
ö ø ù ú 
û ü ÿ
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>

À Á Â Ã Ä Å
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë
Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò
Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù
Ú Û Ü ß à á
â ã ä å æ ç
è é ê ë ì í
î ï ñ ò ó ô
œ õ ö ø ù ú
û ü ÿ

&Agrave; &Aacute; &Acirc; &Atilde; &Auml; &Aring;
&AElig; &Ccedil; &Egrave; &Eacute; &Ecirc; &Euml;
&Igrave; &Iacute; &Icirc; &Iuml; &Ntilde; &Ograve;
&Oacute; &Ocirc; &Otilde; &Ouml; &Oslash; &Ugrave;
&Uacute; &Ucirc; &Uuml; &szlig; &agrave; &aacute;
&acirc; &atilde; &auml; &aring; &aelig; &ccedil;
&egrave; &eacute; &ecirc; &euml; &igrave; &iacute;
&icirc; &iuml; &ntilde; &ograve; &oacute; &ocirc;
&oelig; &otilde; &ouml; &oslash; &ugrave; &uacute;
&ucirc; &uuml; &yuml;</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign=top>
<td>
'''Punctuation:''' 
¿ ¡ « » § ¶
† ‡ • - – —

¿ ¡ « » § ¶ 
&dagger; &Dagger; • - – —
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>
¿ ¡ « » § ¶
† ‡ • - – —

&iquest; &iexcl; &laquo; &raquo; &sect; &para;
&dagger; &Dagger; &bull; - &ndash; &mdash;</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
'''Commercial symbols:''' 
™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤

™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>
™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤

&trade; &copy; &reg; &cent; &euro; &yen; &pound; &curren;
</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top"><td>'''Greek characters:''' 
α β γ δ ε ζ
η θ ι κ λ μ ν
ξ ο π ρ σ ς
τ υ φ χ ψ ω
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π
Σ Φ Ψ Ω

α β γ δ ε ζ 
η θ ι κ λ μ ν 
ξ ο π ρ σ &sigmaf; 
τ υ φ χ ψ ω 
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π 
Σ Φ Ψ Ω
</td>
<td><pre><nowiki>
α β γ δ ε ζ
η θ ι κ λ μ ν
ξ ο π ρ σ ς
τ υ φ χ ψ ω
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π
Σ Φ Ψ Ω

&alpha; &beta; &gamma; &delta; &epsilon; &zeta;
&eta; &theta; &iota; &kappa; &lambda; &mu; &nu;
&xi; &omicron; &pi; &rho; &sigma; &sigmaf;
&tau; &upsilon; &phi; &chi; &psi; &omega;
&Gamma; &Delta; &Theta; &Lambda; &Xi; &Pi;
&Sigma; &Phi; &Psi; &Omega;
</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
'''Math characters:''' 
∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞
≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″
∇ ‰ ° ∴ ø
∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔
→ ↔ ↑

∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞ 
≈ &prop; &equiv; ≠ ≤ ≥ 
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″ 
∇ &permil; ° &there4; ø 
∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ &sube; &supe; 
¬ &and; &or; ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔ 
→ ↔ ↑ 

Problem symbols:

ℵ ∉

&alefsym; ∉
</td>
<td valign="middle"><pre><nowiki>
∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞
≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″
∇ ‰ ° ∴ ø
∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔
→ ↔ ↑

&int; &sum; &prod; &radic; &minus; &plusmn; &infin;
&asymp; &prop; &equiv; &ne; &le; &ge;
&times; &middot; &divide; &part; &prime; &Prime;
&nabla; &permil; &deg; &there4; &oslash;
&isin; &cap; &cup; &sub; &sup; &sube; &supe;
&not; &and; &or; &exist; &forall; &rArr; &hArr;
&rarr; &harr; &uarr;

Problem symbols:

ℵ ∉

&alefsym; &notin;
</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>
</table>

Writing a symbol over another one:

<nowiki>ox</nowiki> gives ox.

=== Including another page—transclusion and templates ===
Changing a transcluded file will change every file that transcludes it.
<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">
<tr valign="bottom">
<td>
; Transclusion
: Including the contents of another page into the current page.
<div style="border: 1pt dashed blue; background: grey; padding: 1em 1em;">
{{:Help:Transclusion Demo}}</div></td>
<td>
<pre><nowiki>{{</nowiki>:Help:Transclusion Demo<nowiki>}}</nowiki></pre></td>
</tr>

<tr valign="bottom">
<td>
; [[Help:Template|Template]]
A special kind of page designed for transclusion.
These pages are found in the '''Template:''' [[Help:namespace|namespace]]
Templates can even take parameters.
When you edit a page, all the templates used on the page are listed below the edit box.
<div style="border: 1pt dashed blue; background: grey; padding: 1em 1em;">
{{H:title|hovertext|This is underlined}}</div></td>
<td>
<pre><nowiki>{{H:title|hovertext|This is underlined}}</nowiki></pre></td></tr>
</table>

== Records of edits in the database ==
Edits are recorded both in the [[mw:revision table|revision table]] and in the [[mw:recentchanges table|recentchanges table]] of the database.

The revision table is used for page histories and user contribution lists. The recentchanges table is used for recent and related changes, watchlists, and (in the case of page creation) for the list of new pages.

This distinction is relevant in the case that old edits are removed from one of the two tables. For example, if three months of recent changes are kept in the recentchanges table, while nothing is deleted from the revision table, then older edits can be seen in page histories and user contribution lists, but not in recent and related changes, watchlists, and (in the case of page creation) in the list of new pages.

[[Help:Import|Import]] of page revisions adds to the revision table but not to the recentchanges table, so they add to page histories and user contribution lists, but not to recent and related changes, watchlists, and (in the case of page creation) the list of new pages.

{{h:f|enname=Advanced editing}}

[[fa:راهنما:ویرایش پیشرفته]]

User:He!ko/Editing

2008-07-10T09:33:00Z

He!ko: New page: #! -*- mode: wikipedia -*- {{H:h|Editor toc}}  For the basics see [[He...

#! -*- mode: wikipedia -*-

{{H:h|Editor toc}}



For the basics see [[Help:Editing]].

== [[w:Wikitext|Wikitext]] markup—making your page look the way you want==

* If you want to try out things without danger of doing any harm, you can do so in the [[{{ns:4}}:Sandbox]].

* More information on [[Help:Html in wikitext|HTML tags in wikitext]].

=== Organizing your writing — sections, paragraphs, lists and lines ===

----

border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"

----
==== What it looks like ====

What it looks like

What you type

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Sections and subsections

Start sections with header lines

Note: Single equal signs give the highest level heading, like the page title; usually projects have the convention not to use them.







New section

Subsection

Sub-subsection

* Start with a second-level heading (<tt><nowiki>==</nowiki></tt>); don't use first-level headings (=).

* Don't skip levels (for example, second-level followed by fourth-level).

* A [[#Table of contents|table of contents]] will automatically be added to an article that has four or more sections.

* If appropriate, place subsections in order. If listing countries, for example, place them in alphabetical order rather than, say, relative to population of [[w:OECD|OECD]] countries, or some random order.

* If you want to keep headings out of the TOC you have to use HTML heading tags and close them without using a slash e.g. <nowiki><h4>heading too low level to be in the TOC of large page<h4></nowiki>.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

== New section ==

=== Subsection ===

==== Sub-subsection ====

</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[w:Newline|Newline]]:

A single

newline

has no

effect on the

layout.

But an empty line

starts a new paragraph,

or ends a list or indented part.

(<nowiki></nowiki> disables this paragraphing until <nowiki></nowiki> or the end of the section)

(In Cologne Blue, two newlines and a div tag give just one newline; in the order newline, div tag, newline, the result is two newlines.)

A semicolon at the start of a line is not rendered, but has the effect of rendering the newline. A colon in such a line is not rendered, but has the effect of starting a new, indented line, see definition list.

You can make the wikitext more readable by putting in newlines.

You might find this causes future problems—see [[w:Wikipedia:Don't use line breaks]] for details.

* When used in a list, a newline ''does'' affect the layout (See [[Help:List]]).

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

A single

newline

has no

effect on the

layout.

But an empty line

starts a new paragraph.</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

You can break lines 

without starting a new paragraph.

(The HTML tag <nowiki> </nowiki> is sufficient. The system produces the XHTML code <nowiki><br /></nowiki>.)

* Please use this sparingly.

* Close markup between lines; do not start a [[Help:link|link]] or ''italics'' or '''bold''' on one line and close it on the next.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>You can break lines 

without starting a new paragraph.</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

* ''Unordered Lists'' are easy to do:

** start every line with a star,

*** more stars means deeper levels.

* A newline

* in a list

marks the end of the list.

* Of course,

* you can

* start again.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>* Unordered Lists are easy to do:

** start every line with a star,

*** more stars means deeper levels.

* A newline

* in a list

marks the end of the list.

* Of course,

* you can

* start again.

</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

# Numbered lists are also good

## very organized

## easy to follow

# A newline

# in a list

marks the end of the list.

# New numbering starts

# with 1.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki># Numbered lists are also good

## very organized

## easy to follow

# A newline

# in a list

marks the end of the list.

# New numbering starts

# with 1.

</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

* You can even do mixed lists

*# and nest them

*#* or break lines in lists

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>* You can even do mixed lists

*# and nest them

*#* or break lines in lists</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''Definition list'''

; word : definition of the word

; longer phrase

: phrase defined

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>; word : definition of the word

; longer phrase

: phrase defined</nowiki></pre>

* One item per line; a newline can appear before the colon, but using a space before the colon improves parsing.

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Indenting

: A colon at the start of a line indents a paragraph.

A manual newline starts a new paragraph.

* This is often used for discussion on [[Help:talk page|talk page]]s.

In the case of a semicolon and some text in front of the colon, the first colon starts a new line (indented as before) even though it is in the wikitext not at the start of the line, see definition list.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>: A colon indents a line or paragraph.

A manual newline starts a new paragraph.

</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

When there is a need for separating a block of text

<blockquote>

the '''blockquote''' command will indent both margins when needed instead of the left margin only as the colon does.

</blockquote>

This is useful for (as the name says) inserting blocks of quoted (and cited) text.

===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>

<blockquote>

The '''blockquote''' command will indent

both margins when needed instead of the

left margin only as the colon does.

</blockquote>

</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

<center>Centered text.</center>

* Please note the US-English spelling of "center".

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki><center>Centered text.</center></nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

A [[w:horizontal dividing line|horizontal dividing line]]:

this is above it...

----

...and this is below it.

If you don't use a section header, you don't get a TOC entry.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>A horizontal dividing line:

this is above it...

----

...and this is below it.

</nowiki></pre>

===== What you type =====
}

=== Links, URLs ===

More information at [[Help:Link]]

==== Internal links ====

General notes:

* Enclose the '''target name''' in double square brackets—<nowiki>"[[" and "]]"</nowiki>.

* First letter of target name is automatically capitalized.

* Spaces are represented as underscores (but don't do underscores yourself).

* [[Like this one|Links to nonexistent pages]] are shown in red—[[Help:Starting a new page]] tells about creating the page.

* When the mouse cursor "hovers" over the link, you see a "hover box" containing... hover over links below to see.

----

border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"

----
==== What it looks like ====

What it looks like

What you type

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Basic

Sue is reading the [[official position]]

(or [[Official position]]s).

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>Sue is reading the

[[official position]]

(or [[Official position]]s).</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Basic + [[#Text formatting—controlling how it looks|Text formatting]]

You can also ''italicize''/etc. links: e.g., ''[[Wikipedia]]''.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki> ''[[Wikipedia]]'' </nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Interwiki linking

A link to the page on another wiki (e.g. the same subject in another language)

* See [[m:Help:Interwiki linking]].

* [[:fr:Wikipédia:Aide]].

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

* See [[m:Help:Interwiki linking]].

* [[:fr:Wikipédia:Aide]].

</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Section of page

* [[List of cities by country#Morocco]]

* [[List of cities by country#Norway]]

If the section doesn't exist, the link goes to the top of the page.

If there are multiple sections by the same name, link to specific ones by adding how many times that header has already appeared (e.g. if there are 3 sections entitled "Example header," and you wish to link to the third one, then use <nowiki>[[#Example section 3]]</nowiki>. For more info, see [[Help:Editing FAQ#Q: Can I link to a specific section header if there are multiple section headers of the same name? If so, how?|Help:Editing FAQ]].

===== What you type =====

<pre><nowiki>

* [[List of cities by country#Morocco]]

* [[List of cities by country#Norway]]

</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[Help:Piped link|Piped link]]

Use a pipe "'''|'''" to create a '''link label''':

* [[Help:Link|About Links]]

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

* [[Help:Link|About Links]]

</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

'''"Blank" pipes''' hide:

* Parentheses: [[kingdom (biology)|kingdom]].

* Colon: [[m:Requests for adminship|Requests for adminship]].

After you save, the server automatically fills in the link label.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>* Parentheses: [[kingdom (biology)|]].

* Colon: [[m:Requests for adminship|]].</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Links to nonexistent pages

A red link ([[like this one]]) points to a page

that doesn't exist yet.

* You can create it by clicking on the link.

* Have a look at [[Help:starting a new page|how to start a page]] guide and the naming conventions page for your project.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

A red link ([[like this one]]) points to a page

that doesn't exist yet.

</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Link to yourself

Please "sign" comments on talk pages:

: Your user name: [[User:Example|Example]]

: Your user name plus timestamp: [[User:Example|Example]] 08:10 Oct 5, 2002 (UTC)

: Five tildes give a timestamp: 17:55, 12 April 2006 (UTC)

The server will fill in the link after you save.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>Please "sign" comments on talk pages:

: Your user name: ~~~

: Your user name plus timestamp: ~~~~

: Five tildes give a timestamp: ~~~~~

</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; [[Help:Redirect|Redirect]]s

One article title to another with this special link.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>#REDIRECT [[United States]]</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; "Magic" links

* [[w:ISBN|ISBN]] links to books: ISBN 0123456789X (See [[Help:ISBN links]])

* [[w:Request for Comments|RfC]] links to Requests for Comments: RFC 123 (See [[mediawiki:rfcurl]])

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

ISBN 0123456789X

RFC 123</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Media links

To include links to non-image uploads such as sounds, use a "media" link.

 [[media:Example.ogg|Sound]]

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[[media:Example.ogg|Sound]]

</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Category listing links (these appear at page bottom and list the page in the category)

To list a page in a category and have a link to the Category at page bottom. 

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[[Category:English documentation]]

</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Category non-listing links (these appear inline ''without'' listing the page in the category)

To link to a category without causing the page to be listed in the category, '''add a colon''' 

[[:Category:English documentation]]

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[[:Category:English documentation]]

</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Dates:

Use links for dates, so everyone can set their own display order. Use [[Special:Preferences]] to change your own date display setting. 

[[July 20]] [[1969]]

[[20 July]] [[1969]]

and [[1969]]-[[07-20]]

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

[[July 20]] [[1969]]

[[20 July]] [[1969]]

and [[1969]]-[[07-20]]

</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Special pages

"What links here" etc. can be linked as: 

[[Special:Whatlinkshere/Help:Editing]]

===== What you type =====
<pre>

[[Special:Whatlinkshere/Help:Editing]]

</pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

; Linking to old revisions of pages, diffs, and specific history pages

External link function is used for these as <nowiki>[[page]]</nowiki> will not work. 

Open an old revision copy the url and paste it where you want it. http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&oldid=482030 

Open a diff, copy and paste the url http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&diff=493810&oldid=482030 

A specific page from edit history. To do this click the either the (older) or (earliest) button at least once and maneuver to the page you want to link to

http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Help:Wikitext_examples&dir=prev&offset=20060813153343&limit=100&action=history

===== What you type =====
<pre>

http://meta.wikimedia.org

/w/index.php?title=Fotonotes&oldid=482030

http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?

title=Fotonotes&diff=493810&oldid=482030

http://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?

title=Help:Wikitext_examples&dir=prev&offset

=20060813153343&limit=100&action=history

</pre>

===== What you type =====
}

==== External links ====

----

border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0"

----
==== What it looks like ====

[http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia], [http://www.nupedia.com]

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>

[http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia],

[http://www.nupedia.com]</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

[mailto:email@example.com Email Example],

[mailto:email@example.com]

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>[mailto:email@example.com Email Example],

[mailto:email@example.com]</nowiki></pre>

----
==== What it looks like ====

Or just give the URL: http://www.nupedia.com.

* In the [[m:Help:URL|URL]] all symbols must be among: A-Z a-z 0-9 ._\/~%- &#?!=()@ \x80-\xFF. If a URL contains a different character it should be converted; for example, ^ has to be written ^ (to be looked up in [[w:ASCII|ASCII]]). A blank space can also be converted into an underscore.

===== What you type =====
<pre><nowiki>Or just give the URL:

http://www.nupedia.com.</nowiki></pre>

===== What you type =====
}

=== Text formatting—controlling how it looks ===

<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">

<tr>

<th>What it looks like</th>

<th>What you type</th>

</tr>

<tr valign="top"><td>

''Emphasize'' (italics), '''strongly''' (bold), '''''very strongly''''' (bold italics).

(These are double and triple apostrophes, not double quotes.)

Note: this can also be applied to links (e.g., ''[[Wikipedia]]'').

</td>

<td valign="bottom">

<pre><nowiki>''Emphasize'', '''strongly''',

'''''very strongly'''''.

''[[Wikipedia]]''

</nowiki></pre>

</td>

</tr>

<tr valign="top"><td>

You can also write italic and bold.

This is useful in mathematical formulas where you need specific font styles rather than emphasis.

: F = ma

(The difference between these two methods is not very important for graphical browsers, so most people ignore it). But it may make a big difference for the visually impaired ;-)

</td>

<td>

<pre><nowiki>You can also write italic and bold.

This is useful in mathematical formulas where you

need specific font styles rather than emphasis.

: F = ma</nowiki></pre>

</td>

</tr>

<tr valign="top"><td>

You can also write



in small caps.

If the wiki has the templates, this can

{{bsm}}be much simpler to write{{esm}}.

</td>

<td>

<pre><nowiki>You can also write



in small caps.

If the wiki has the templates, this can

{{bsm}}be much simpler to write{{esm}}.</nowiki></pre>

</td>

</tr>

<tr valign=top>

<td>A typewriter font, sometimes used for

<tt>technical terms</tt> and <code>computer code</code>.

</td>

<td><pre><nowiki>A typewriter font, sometimes used for

<tt>technical terms</tt> and <code>computer code</code>.</nowiki></pre>

* For semantic reasons, using <code><code></code> where applicable is preferable to using <code><tt></code>.

</td>

</tr>

<tr valign=top>

<td>You can use small text for captions.

</td>

<td><pre><nowiki>You can use small text

for captions.</nowiki></pre>

</td>

</tr>

<tr valign="top"><td>You can <strike>strike out deleted material</strike>

and underline new material.

You can also mark <del>deleted material</del> and

<ins>inserted material</ins> using logical markup

rather than visual markup.

* When editing regular articles, just make your changes and do not mark them up in any special way.

* When editing your own previous remarks in talk pages, it is sometimes appropriate to mark up deleted or inserted material.

</td>

<td><pre><nowiki>You can <strike>strike out deleted material</strike>

and underline new material.

You can also mark <del>deleted material</del> and

<ins>inserted material</ins> using logical markup

rather than visual markup.

</nowiki></pre>

</td>

</tr>

<tr valign="bottom" id="subscript"><td>Subscript: x2 

Superscript: x2 or x²

Most browsers have an easier time formatting lines with &sup2; than with 2

ε0 =

8.85 × 10−12

C² / J m.

 

1 [[hectare]] = [[1 E4 m²]]

</td>

<td valign="bottom"><pre><nowiki>Subscript: x2

Superscript: x2 or x&sup2;

</nowiki></pre>

<pre><nowiki>

&epsilon;0 =

8.85 &times; 10&minus;12

C&sup2; / J m.

1 [[hectare]] = [[1 E4 m&sup2]]

</nowiki></pre></td>

</tr>

</table>

=== Disabling wikitext interpretation and/or reformatting ===

<nowiki> and <pre> tags can tell the server and the browser to display things as you typed them.

<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">

<tr>

<td>

'''regular'''

* interpret special characters

* interpret special wiki markup

* reformat text (remove single newlines and multiple spaces, perform automatic wrapping)

* a double newline gives a new paragraph

arrow →

''italics''

[[link]]

</td>

<td valign="bottom">

<pre><nowiki>arrow &rarr;

''italics''

[[link]]</nowiki></pre>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td valign="bottom">

'''<nowiki>'''

* interpret special characters

* don't interpret special wiki markup

* reformat text

* ignore even a double newline (no new paragraph); hence has to be applied separately for each paragraph

''can be applied in-line:'' <nowiki>

arrow →

''italics''

[[link]]

</nowiki> ''[[normal]] again''

</td>

<td valign="bottom">

<pre><nowiki>

''can be applied in-line:'' <nowiki>

arrow &rarr;

''italics''

[[link]]

</nowiki></nowiki>''[[normal]] again''</pre>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>

'''<pre>'''

* interpret special characters

* don't interpret special wiki markup

* don't reformat text (no wrapping)

* allows CSS for HTML element pre; the default skin gives a box

* uses a fixed-width font, as specified in the browser settings

<pre>arrow →

''italics''

[[link]]

</pre>

</td>

<td valign="bottom">

<pre><pre>arrow &rarr;

''italics''

[[link]]</pre></pre>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>

'''leading space'''

* interpret special characters

* interpret special wiki markup

* don't reformat text (no wrapping)

* produces HTML element pre, therefore the font and CSS are the same as when using pre; the default skin gives a box

* a blank line ends the element pre; if there are more lines with leading space after that, a new pre element starts (in the default skin: a new box)

arrow →

''italics''

[[link]]

</pre>

IF a line of plain text starts with a space

it will be formatted exactly

as typed

in a font

in a grey dotted-outline box

lines won't wrap

ENDIF

this is useful for:

* pasting preformatted text;

* algorithm descriptions;

* program source code

* ASCII art;

* chemical structures;

WARNING: If you make it wide,

you [[w:page widening|force the whole page to be wide]] and

hence less readable. Never start ordinary lines with spaces. 

<center>(see also below)</center><td>

<pre> <nowiki>arrow &rarr;

''italics''

[[link]]</nowiki></pre>

<pre><nowiki> IF a line of plain text starts with a space

it will be formatted exactly

as typed

in a fixed-width font

in a grey dotted-outline box

lines won't wrap

ENDIF

this is useful for:

* pasting preformatted text

* algorithm descriptions

* program source code

* ASCII art

* chemical structures

* poetry

</nowiki></pre>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>

'''typewriter font'''

(does not work beyond the end of a paragraph):

<tt>arrow →</tt>

<tt>''italics''</tt>

<tt>[[link]]

New paragraph.</tt>

</td>

<td valign="bottom">

<pre><nowiki><tt>arrow &rarr;</tt>

<tt>''italics''</tt>

<tt>[[link]]</nowiki>

New paragraph.</tt></pre>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>

; Show special character codes:

&rarr;

</td>

<td valign="bottom">

<pre>&amp;rarr;</pre>

</td>

</tr>

<tr>

<td>

;[[Help:Comment tags|Comments]]

The text between '''here'''



'''and here''' won't be displayed

</td>

<td>

<pre><nowiki>The text between '''here'''



'''and here''' won't be displayed</nowiki></pre>

</td>

</tr>

</table>

=== Special characters ===

<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">

<tr valign="top">

<td>

'''Umlauts and accents:''' (See [[Help:Special characters]]) 

À Á Â Ã Ä Å

Æ Ç È É Ê Ë

Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò

Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù

Ú Û Ü ß à á

â ã ä å æ ç

è é ê ë ì í

î ï ñ ò ó ô

œ õ ö ø ù ú

û ü ÿ 

 

À Á Â Ã Ä Å 

Æ Ç È É Ê Ë 

Ì Í

Î Ï Ñ Ò 

Ó Ô Õ

Ö Ø Ù 

Ú Û Ü ß

à á 

â ã ä å æ

ç 

è é ê ë ì í 

î ï ñ ò ó ô 

&oelig; õ

ö ø ù ú 

û ü ÿ

</td>

<td><pre><nowiki>

À Á Â Ã Ä Å

Æ Ç È É Ê Ë

Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò

Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù

Ú Û Ü ß à á

â ã ä å æ ç

è é ê ë ì í

î ï ñ ò ó ô

œ õ ö ø ù ú

û ü ÿ

&Agrave; &Aacute; &Acirc; &Atilde; &Auml; &Aring;

&AElig; &Ccedil; &Egrave; &Eacute; &Ecirc; &Euml;

&Igrave; &Iacute; &Icirc; &Iuml; &Ntilde; &Ograve;

&Oacute; &Ocirc; &Otilde; &Ouml; &Oslash; &Ugrave;

&Uacute; &Ucirc; &Uuml; &szlig; &agrave; &aacute;

&acirc; &atilde; &auml; &aring; &aelig; &ccedil;

&egrave; &eacute; &ecirc; &euml; &igrave; &iacute;

&icirc; &iuml; &ntilde; &ograve; &oacute; &ocirc;

&oelig; &otilde; &ouml; &oslash; &ugrave; &uacute;

&ucirc; &uuml; &yuml;</nowiki></pre></td>

</tr>

<tr valign=top>

<td>

'''Punctuation:''' 

¿ ¡ « » § ¶

† ‡ • - – —

¿ ¡ « » § ¶ 

&dagger; &Dagger; • - – —

</td>

<td><pre><nowiki>

¿ ¡ « » § ¶

† ‡ • - – —

&iquest; &iexcl; &laquo; &raquo; &sect; &para;

&dagger; &Dagger; &bull; - &ndash; &mdash;</nowiki></pre></td>

</tr>

<tr valign="top">

<td>

'''Commercial symbols:''' 

™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤

™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤</td>

<td><pre><nowiki>

™ © ® ¢ € ¥ £ ¤

&trade; &copy; &reg; &cent; &euro; &yen; &pound; &curren;

</nowiki></pre></td>

</tr>

<tr valign="top"><td>'''Greek characters:''' 

α β γ δ ε ζ

η θ ι κ λ μ ν

ξ ο π ρ σ ς

τ υ φ χ ψ ω

Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π

Σ Φ Ψ Ω

α β γ δ ε ζ 

η θ ι κ λ μ ν 

ξ ο π ρ σ &sigmaf; 

τ υ φ χ ψ ω 

Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π 

Σ Φ Ψ Ω

</td>

<td><pre><nowiki>

α β γ δ ε ζ

η θ ι κ λ μ ν

ξ ο π ρ σ ς

τ υ φ χ ψ ω

Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π

Σ Φ Ψ Ω

&alpha; &beta; &gamma; &delta; &epsilon; &zeta;

&eta; &theta; &iota; &kappa; &lambda; &mu; &nu;

&xi; &omicron; &pi; &rho; &sigma; &sigmaf;

&tau; &upsilon; &phi; &chi; &psi; &omega;

&Gamma; &Delta; &Theta; &Lambda; &Xi; &Pi;

&Sigma; &Phi; &Psi; &Omega;

</nowiki></pre></td>

</tr>

<tr valign="top">

<td>

'''Math characters:''' 

∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞

≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥

× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″

∇ ‰ ° ∴ ø

∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇

¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔

→ ↔ ↑

∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞ 

≈ &prop; &equiv; ≠ ≤ ≥ 

× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″ 

∇ &permil; ° &there4; ø 

∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ &sube; &supe; 

¬ &and; &or; ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔ 

→ ↔ ↑ 

Problem symbols:

ℵ ∉

&alefsym; ∉

</td>

<td valign="middle"><pre><nowiki>

∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞

≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥

× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″

∇ ‰ ° ∴ ø

∈ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇

¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇔

→ ↔ ↑

&int; &sum; &prod; &radic; &minus; &plusmn; &infin;

&asymp; &prop; &equiv; &ne; &le; &ge;

&times; &middot; &divide; &part; &prime; &Prime;

&nabla; &permil; &deg; &there4; &oslash;

&isin; &cap; &cup; &sub; &sup; &sube; &supe;

&not; &and; &or; &exist; &forall; &rArr; &hArr;

&rarr; &harr; &uarr;

Problem symbols:

ℵ ∉

&alefsym; &notin;

</nowiki></pre></td>

</tr>

</table>

Writing a symbol over another one:

<nowiki>ox</nowiki> gives ox.

=== Including another page—transclusion and templates ===

Changing a transcluded file will change every file that transcludes it.

<table border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0">

<tr valign="bottom">

<td>

; Transclusion

: Including the contents of another page into the current page.

<div style="border: 1pt dashed blue; background: grey; padding: 1em 1em;">

{{:Help:Transclusion Demo}}</div></td>

<td>

<pre><nowiki>{{</nowiki>:Help:Transclusion Demo<nowiki>}}</nowiki></pre></td>

</tr>

<tr valign="bottom">

<td>

; [[Help:Template|Template]]

A special kind of page designed for transclusion.

These pages are found in the '''Template:''' [[Help:namespace|namespace]]

Templates can even take parameters.

When you edit a page, all the templates used on the page are listed below the edit box.

<div style="border: 1pt dashed blue; background: grey; padding: 1em 1em;">

{{H:title|hovertext|This is underlined}}</div></td>

<td>

<pre><nowiki>{{H:title|hovertext|This is underlined}}</nowiki></pre></td></tr>

</table>

== Records of edits in the database ==

Edits are recorded both in the [[mw:revision table|revision table]] and in the [[mw:recentchanges table|recentchanges table]] of the database.

The revision table is used for page histories and user contribution lists. The recentchanges table is used for recent and related changes, watchlists, and (in the case of page creation) for the list of new pages.

This distinction is relevant in the case that old edits are removed from one of the two tables. For example, if three months of recent changes are kept in the recentchanges table, while nothing is deleted from the revision table, then older edits can be seen in page histories and user contribution lists, but not in recent and related changes, watchlists, and (in the case of page creation) in the list of new pages.

[[Help:Import|Import]] of page revisions adds to the revision table but not to the recentchanges table, so they add to page histories and user contribution lists, but not to recent and related changes, watchlists, and (in the case of page creation) the list of new pages.

{{h:f|enname=Advanced editing}}

[[fa:راهنما:ویرایش پیشرفته]]

User:He!ko

2008-07-10T09:13:07Z

He!ko: New page: User:He!ko/Editing

[[User:He!ko/Editing]]

User:He!ko/Collections/Test Complete Developer Documentation

2008-07-03T15:51:03Z

He!ko:

== OpenOffice.org Developer's Guide ==
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/First Steps|First Steps]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Programming with UNO|Programming with UNO]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Fields of Application for UNO|Fields of Application for UNO]]
;Getting Started
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Getting Started|Getting Started]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Installation Sets|Installation Sets]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Configuration|Configuration]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/First Contact|First Contact]]
;How to Get Objects in OpenOffice.org
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/How to get Objects in OpenOffice.org|How to get Objects in OpenOffice.org]]
;Working With Objects
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Working with Objects|Working with Objects]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Objects, Interfaces, and Services|Objects, Interfaces, and Services]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Using Services|Using Services]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Example: Working with a Spreadsheet Document|Example: Working with a Spreadsheet Document]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Common Types|Common Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Struct|Struct]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Any|Any]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Sequence|Sequence]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Element Access|Element Access]]
;How Do I Know Which Type I Have?
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/How do I know Which Type I Have?|How do I know Which Type I Have?]]
;Examples
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Example: Hello Text, Hello Table, Hello Shape|Example: Hello Text, Hello Table, Hello Shape]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Common Mechanisms for Text, Tables and Drawings|Common Mechanisms for Text, Tables and Drawings]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Creating Text, Tables and Drawing Shapes|Creating Text, Tables and Drawing Shapes]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Professional UNO|Professional UNO]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Introduction|Introduction]]
;API Concepts
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/API Concepts|API Concepts]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Data Types|Data Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Simple Types|Simple Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/The Any Type|The Any Type]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Interfaces|Interfaces]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Services|Services]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Structs|Structs]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Predefined Values|Predefined Values]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Sequences|Sequences]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Modules|Modules]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Exceptions|Exceptions]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Singletons|Singletons]]
;Understanding the API Reference
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Understanding the API Reference|Understanding the API Reference]]
;UNO Concepts
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/UNO Concepts|UNO Concepts]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/UNO Interprocess Connections|UNO Interprocess Connections]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Starting OpenOffice.org in Listening Mode|Starting OpenOffice.org in Listening Mode]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Importing a UNO Object|Importing a UNO Object]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Characteristics of the Interprocess Bridge|Characteristics of the Interprocess Bridge]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Opening a Connection|Opening a Connection]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Creating the Bridge|Creating the Bridge]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Closing a Connection|Closing a Connection]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Example: A Connection Aware Client|Example: A Connection Aware Client]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Service Manager and Component Context|Service Manager and Component Context]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Service Manager|Service Manager]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Component Context|Component Context]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Using UNO Interfaces|Using UNO Interfaces]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Properties|Properties]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Collections and Containers|Collections and Containers]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Event Model|Event Model]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Exception Handling|Exception Handling]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Lifetime of UNO objects|Lifetime of UNO objects]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/acquire() and release()|acquire() and release()]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/The XComponent Interface|The XComponent Interface]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Children of the XEventListener Interface|Children of the XEventListener Interface]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Weak Objects and References|Weak Objects and References]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Differences Between the Lifetime of C++ and Java Objects|Differences Between the Lifetime of C++ and Java Objects]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Object Identity|Object Identity]]
;UNO Language Bindings
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/UNO Language Bindings|UNO Language Bindings]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Java Language Binding|Java Language Binding]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Getting a Service Manager|Getting a Service Manager]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Transparent Use of Office UNO Components|Transparent Use of Office UNO Components]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Handling Interfaces|Handling Interfaces]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Type Mappings|Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Type Mappings|Type Mappings]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Mapping of Sequence Types|Mapping of Sequence Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Mapping of Enum Types|Mapping of Enum Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Mapping of Struct Types|Mapping of Struct Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Mapping of Exception Types|Mapping of Exception Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Mapping of Interface Types|Mapping of Interface Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Mapping of UNOIDL|Mapping of UNOIDL]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Mapping of Services|Mapping of Services]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Mapping of Singletons|Mapping of Singletons]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Inexact approximation of UNO Value Semantics|Inexact approximation of UNO Value Semantics]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/C++/C++ Language Binding|C++ Language Binding]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/C++/Establishing Interprocess Connections|Establishing Interprocess Connections]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/C++/Transparent Use of Office UNO Components|Transparent Use of Office UNO Components]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/C++/Type Mappings|Type Mappings]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/C++/Mapping of Struct Types|Mapping of Struct Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/C++/Mapping of Interface Types|Mapping of Interface Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/C++/Mapping of Sequence Types|Mapping of Sequence Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/C++/Mapping of Services|Mapping of Services]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/C++/Mapping of Singletons|Mapping of Singletons]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/C++/Using Weak References|Using Weak References]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/C++/Exception Handling in C++|Exception Handling in C++]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Basic/OpenOffice.org Basic|OpenOffice.org Basic]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Basic/Handling UNO Objects|Handling UNO Objects]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Basic/Instantiating UNO Services|Instantiating UNO Services]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Basic/Getting Information about UNO Objects|Getting Information about UNO Objects]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Basic/Mapping of UNO and Basic Types|Mapping of UNO and Basic Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Basic/Mapping of Simple Types|Mapping of Simple Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Basic/Mapping of Sequences and Arrays|Mapping of Sequences and Arrays]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Basic/Mapping of Structs|Mapping of Structs]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Basic/Mapping of Enums and Constant Groups|Mapping of Enums and Constant Groups]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Basic/Case Sensitivity|Case Sensitivity]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Basic/Exception Handling|Exception Handling]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Basic/Listeners|Listeners]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Automation Bridge|Automation Bridge]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/The Service Manager Component|The Service Manager Component]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Using UNO from Automation|Using UNO from Automation]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Calling Functions and Accessing Properties|Calling Functions and Accessing Properties]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Return Values|Return Values]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Usage of Types|Usage of Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Using Automation Objects from UNO|Using Automation Objects from UNO]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Type Mappings|Type Mappings]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Default Mappings|Default Mappings]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Mapping of Simple Types|Mapping of Simple Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Mapping of Hyper and Decimal|Mapping of Hyper and Decimal]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Mapping of String|Mapping of String]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Mapping of Interfaces and Structures|Mapping of Interfaces and Structures]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Mapping of Sequence|Mapping of Sequence]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Mapping of Type|Mapping of Type]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Conversion Mappings|Conversion Mappings]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Client-Side Conversions|Client-Side Conversions]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Value Objects|Value Objects]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Exceptions and Errorcodes|Exceptions and Errorcodes]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Automation Objects with UNO Interfaces|Automation Objects with UNO Interfaces]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/DCOM|DCOM]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/The Bridge Services|The Bridge Services]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Unsupported COM Features|Unsupported COM Features]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/CLI/CLI Language Binding|CLI Language Binding]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/CLI/Language Binding DLLs|Language Binding DLLs]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/CLI/Type Mapping|Type Mapping]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/CLI/Type Name Decoration|Type Name Decoration]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/CLI/Type Mappings|Type Mappings]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/CLI/Additional Structures|Additional Structures]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/CLI/Lifetime Management and Obtaining Interfaces|Lifetime Management and Obtaining Interfaces]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/CLI/Writing Client Programs|Writing Client Programs]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/CLI/The Override Problem|Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/CLI/The Override Problem|The Override Problem]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/CLI/Important Interfaces and Implementations|Important Interfaces and Implementations]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide|Administration Guide]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Using Custom Macros and Libraries|Using Custom Macros and Libraries]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Using Package Manager|Using Package Manager]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Adding Template Files|Adding Template Files]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Adding AutoText Files|Adding AutoText Files]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Deactivating Registration Wizard|Deactivating Registration Wizard]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Accessing Email Clients|Accessing Email Clients]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Customizing the UI|Customizing the UI]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Restricting functionality|Restricting functionality]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/LDAP Access|LDAP Access]]

[[Category:Collections]]

User:He!ko/Collections/Admin Guide

2008-07-03T15:46:15Z

He!ko:

== OpenOffice.org Administration Guide ==
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide|Administration Guide]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Using Custom Macros and Libraries|Using Custom Macros and Libraries]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Using Package Manager|Using Package Manager]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Adding Template Files|Adding Template Files]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Adding AutoText Files|Adding AutoText Files]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Deactivating Registration Wizard|Deactivating Registration Wizard]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Accessing Email Clients|Accessing Email Clients]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Customizing the UI|Customizing the UI]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Restricting functionality|Restricting functionality]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/LDAP Access|LDAP Access]]
[[Category:Collections]]

User:He!ko/Collections/Admin Guide

2008-07-03T15:19:05Z

He!ko:

== OpenOffice.org Administration Guide ==
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Using Custom Macros and Libraries]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Using Package Manager]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Adding Template Files]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Adding AutoText Files]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Deactivating Registration Wizard]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Accessing Email Clients]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Customizing the UI]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Restricting functionality]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/LDAP Access]]

[[Category:Collections]]

User:He!ko/Collections/Test Complete Developer Documentation

2008-06-20T10:12:56Z

He!ko:

== OpenOffice.org Developer's Guide ==
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/First Steps]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Programming with UNO]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Fields of Application for UNO]]
;Getting Started
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Getting Started]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Installation Sets]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Configuration]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/First Contact]]
;How to Get Objects in OpenOffice.org
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/How to get Objects in OpenOffice.org]]
;Working With Objects
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Working with Objects]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Objects, Interfaces, and Services]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Using Services]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Example: Working with a Spreadsheet Document]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Common Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Struct]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Any]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Sequence]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Element Access]]
;How Do I Know Which Type I Have?
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/How do I know Which Type I Have?]]
;Examples
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Example: Hello Text, Hello Table, Hello Shape]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Common Mechanisms for Text, Tables and Drawings]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/FirstSteps/Creating Text, Tables and Drawing Shapes]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Professional UNO]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Introduction]]
;API Concepts
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/API Concepts]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Data Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Simple Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/The Any Type]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Interfaces]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Services]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Structs]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Predefined Values]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Sequences]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Modules]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Exceptions]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Singletons]]
;Understanding the API Reference
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Understanding the API Reference]]
;UNO Concepts
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/UNO Concepts]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/UNO Interprocess Connections]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Starting OpenOffice.org in Listening Mode]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Importing a UNO Object]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Characteristics of the Interprocess Bridge]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Opening a Connection]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Creating the Bridge]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Closing a Connection]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Example: A Connection Aware Client]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Service Manager and Component Context]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Service Manager]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Component Context]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Using UNO Interfaces]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Properties]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Collections and Containers]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Event Model]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Exception Handling]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Lifetime of UNO objects]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/acquire() and release()]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/The XComponent Interface]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Children of the XEventListener Interface]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Weak Objects and References]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Differences Between the Lifetime of C++ and Java Objects]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Object Identity]]
;UNO Language Bindings
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/UNO Language Bindings]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Java Language Binding]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Getting a Service Manager]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Transparent Use of Office UNO Components]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Handling Interfaces]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Type Mappings|Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Type Mappings]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Mapping of Sequence Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Mapping of Enum Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Mapping of Struct Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Mapping of Exception Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Mapping of Interface Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Mapping of UNOIDL]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Mapping of Services]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Mapping of Singletons]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Java/Inexact approximation of UNO Value Semantics]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/C++/C++ Language Binding]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/C++/Establishing Interprocess Connections]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/C++/Transparent Use of Office UNO Components]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/C++/Type Mappings]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/C++/Mapping of Struct Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/C++/Mapping of Interface Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/C++/Mapping of Sequence Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/C++/Mapping of Services]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/C++/Mapping of Singletons]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/C++/Using Weak References]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/C++/Exception Handling in C++]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Basic/OpenOffice.org Basic]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Basic/Handling UNO Objects]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Basic/Instantiating UNO Services]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Basic/Getting Information about UNO Objects]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Basic/Mapping of UNO and Basic Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Basic/Mapping of Simple Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Basic/Mapping of Sequences and Arrays]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Basic/Mapping of Structs]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Basic/Mapping of Enums and Constant Groups]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Basic/Case Sensitivity]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Basic/Exception Handling]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Basic/Listeners]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Automation Bridge]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/The Service Manager Component]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Using UNO from Automation]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Calling Functions and Accessing Properties]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Return Values]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Usage of Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Using Automation Objects from UNO]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Type Mappings]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Default Mappings]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Mapping of Simple Types]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Mapping of Hyper and Decimal]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Mapping of String]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Mapping of Interfaces and Structures]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Mapping of Sequence]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Mapping of Type]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Conversion Mappings]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Client-Side Conversions]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Value Objects]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Exceptions and Errorcodes]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Automation Objects with UNO Interfaces]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/DCOM]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/The Bridge Services]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/Bridge/Unsupported COM Features]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/CLI/CLI Language Binding]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/CLI/Language Binding DLLs]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/CLI/Type Mapping]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/CLI/Type Name Decoration]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/CLI/Type Mappings]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/CLI/Additional Structures]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/CLI/Lifetime Management and Obtaining Interfaces]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/CLI/Writing Client Programs]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/CLI/The Override Problem|Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/CLI/The Override Problem]]
:[[Documentation/DevGuide/ProUNO/CLI/Important Interfaces and Implementations]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Using Custom Macros and Libraries]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Using Package Manager]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Adding Template Files]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Adding AutoText Files]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Deactivating Registration Wizard]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Accessing Email Clients]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Customizing the UI]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/Restricting functionality]]
:[[Documentation/Administration Guide/LDAP Access]]

[[Category:Collections]]